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Serum Aldosterone Levels in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy in Relation to Vascular Calcification
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Diabetic Nephropathy(DN) is a complex disease manifested by persistence microalbuminuria   occurring due to the interaction between hemodynamic and metabolic pathway that activates the local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system resulting in a decline in renal functions.

This study aimed to quantify the associations between serum aldosterone concentration and fetuin- A as a marker of calcification in type 2 diabetic patients with and without microalbuminuria from one side, and study the possible relationship between aldosterone and fetuin-A with glycemic indices, serum electrolyte, renal function and microalbuminuria and body mass index from the other side.

A case-control study involved eighty-six adult subjects classified into three groups after testing urine microalbumin including thirty-two diabetics type 2 patients with positive microalbuminuria and twenty-eight diabetics type 2 patients with negative microalbuminuria and 26 healthy subjects during their visit to AL kindy specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes / Baghdad. Those patients were compared to control group of 26 apparently healthy subjects, fasting blood samples was obtained from each of them in one occasion only to measure: fasting serum glucose, electrolyte, aldosterone,  fetuin-A, urea, and creatinine. In addition to glycoheamoglobin, glomerular filtration rate and body mass index.

Despite the presence of microalbuminuria in  thirty-two of the studied diabetics, there was no positive correlation between aldosterone and fetuin- A, besides that no significant variations in serum aldosterone ,glomerular filtration rate(GFR) values, while both groups showed a significant increase in fasting serum glucose and glycaoheamoglobin ,significant decrease in serum sodium and chloride in comparison with the control group , significant increase was detected  in serum fetuin-A mean  values in microalbuminuric diabetics. Whereas, negative microalbuminuric diabetics measures expressed a positive correlation between both serum sodium and chloride levels and fetuin -A.

The conclusion of this study diabetic patient are prone to vascular calcification
(VC)  might be due to increase in aldosterone level or due to diabetic itself  from this study we can conclude microalbuminuria can occur without a decline in renal function or a change in estimated GFR ,no definite correlation occur between aldosterone and fetuin- A, fetuin- A mean values are higher in diabetic patient with microalbuminuria compared to diabetic patients without microalbuminuria and control group and this referred to uncontrolled diabetes ,aldosterone show a correlation with  weight and body mass index while fetuin- A does not show  such correlation.

In general, electrolyte disturbances (hypernatremia) is more obvious in this study  , and its occurrence is due to diabetic (osmotic diuresis) or drugs, while sodium retention which is a sign of aldosterone increment does not occur.  Hypochloremia that occur in this study is due to chloride and it is in parallel with sodium level.

 

 

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 05 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
References of the directed education to the Member Teaching Stuff performance in the departments of the art Education
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This study has came as a result to discover on the references of the educational theories which leads the professors in the educational art departments in the Iraqi universities through knowing these ideological references indeed in an important slice of the society. This slice is: the members of professoriate. The study goal knows the ideological references to these theories for the professors in these departments.
In order to approve the research's goals. The researcher has selected a sample contains (50) professoriate members in these departments in the Iraqi universities which they have the educational art profession among the next scientific degrees (assistant teacher. teacher. assistant professor & professor).
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Contribution of Iraqi women in development: from the perspective faculty members to the complex Jadiriyah/University of Baghdad
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The researchers in this study, which aimed to find out Degree contribution of Iraqi
women in development from the perspective faculty members of the complex Jadriya
University in Baghdad, and the the impact of demographic variables (gender, college, place of
living, school level,) for its contribution.
The study population consisted of some faculty members Jadiriyah compound in
Baghdad's University for the academic year 20012/2013. This study followed a descriptive
approach the field, and the analytical method, the study sample consisted of (250) teaching all
of College of Science for girls and education for girls, and to achieve objective of the study
was the development of a questionnaire, was sure of its sincer

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 22 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The effect of intense special exercises to rehabilitate second-degree external collateral ligament tear in young handball players
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Publication Date
Sat Nov 01 2014
Journal Name
Our Dermatology Online
Topical erythromycin-zinc acetate complex lotion versus topical erythromycin gel in treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Relationship of social costs to the institution and society: Study in Al-Furat General Chemical Industries Company
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This research aims to study the contribution of social costs contribution to achieving social luxury in Al-Furat General Chemical Industries company that has considered second largest contamination in the area after the invasive power  to deal with chemicals in manufacturing and very dangerous to individual society and environment ,this is first to play an effective role by the senior parties related to sense of social responsibility of the internal and external environment of the company to identify costs that are preventing ,reduced and treating damage caused and achieving sustainable development ,to achieve this goal  and what they reached are the difficulty of accounting for the environment and social costs from final accou

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 22 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effect of ER: YAG laser on enamel resistance to caries during orthodontic treatment: An in vitro study
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Background: One common undesirable side effect of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is the development of incipient caries lesions around brackets, particularly in patients with poor oral hygiene. Different methods have been used to prevent demineralization; the recent effort to improve the resistance against the demineralization is by the application of lasers. Materials and method: Thirty human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were used to test the effect of two energy level of ER-YAG laser on enamel resistance to demineralization. The brackets were bonded on the teeth and all the labial surface excluding 2 mm area gingival to the brackets were painted with acid resistance varnish. Three groups were generated. The fi

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Publication Date
Fri May 23 2025
Journal Name
Reproductive Health Of Woman
Molecular detection of Rubella virus (1E genotype) in clinical sample of pregnant women, and it’s related to abortion
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Pregnant women who have rubella may potentially pass the infection on to their unborn offspring. A congenital rubella infection can result in a miscarriage, stillbirth, and congenital rubella syndrome. The only member of the Togaviridae family’s Rubivirus genus, the Rubella virus (RV) is a positive-polarity, single-stranded RNA virus genome surrounded by a lipoprotein envelope with spike-like, hemagglutinin-containing surface projections.The objective: to determine the Rubella virus (1E genotype) in pregnant woman and its relation to spontaneous miscarriage.Materials and methods. A total of 174 women which visited Al-Elweya Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, were screened according to the following criteria: women with a history of

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Publication Date
Wed May 12 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
The Effect of Defensive Exercises in the Motor Response to Develop Some Defensive Skills for Young Basketball Players
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Using remote sensing techniques to monitoring and evaluate the water cover in AL_Razzaza lake: Iraq at deferent periods
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Multi-spectral satellite images of the Landsat satellite by the tow sensitive Thematic Mapper (TM) and Thematic Mapper Enhancement (ETM+), which covered the study area located south east of Iraq. In this research; used the sixth thermal spectral band (Thermal Band) for study the water cover in the AlRazzaza Lake located within the province of Karbala. We intended to study the cover a case of the study area, used satellite images showing the status of region during the period from 1990 to 2001 and 2007. From this study we conclude that cover the water of the study area change in sequence case to decrease during these years.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Standard degrees for tests results to some physical abilities and defense rebound for tall players in basketball school
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The test considers from important methods and tools when we using the evaluation because it is a basic role in diagnosis & classification & motive & selection &guiding &prediction and the problem was formatted in some questions like ( what is physical variables that tall players needs n the game and effect on the game ? what is the tests that measures these variables also the defense rebound variable and is there a references standard specialized in that ?) , the aims of research represented by knowing to some physical abilities for tall players in basketball school and their tests and putting new tests to measure defense rebound to one player and tow tall players also limiting the standards degrees ( modified un following method ) to resul

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