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Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Plumbagin in the Leaf and Root of Plumbago europaea Growing Naturally in Kurdistan by HPLC
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Plumbago (Plumbaginaceae) is a genus of 10-20 species of flowering plants used in traditional Indian medicine, native to warm temperature to tropical regions of the world. The roots of Plumbago europaea, the Iraqi species of Plumbago, have been used for the treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and dysmenorrhea. The main active constituents from dried powdered leaves and roots of Plumbago europaea were extracted by Soxhlet apparatus using ethyl acetate, the main active constituent was characterized by spectroscopic analysis (IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR)   as plumbagin. Quantitative and qualitative study of plumbagin in the roots and leaves extracts was carried out by HPLC technique  using analytical column (Eurospher 100, C18, 5 µm, 250 x 4.6 mm)  with 10% solvent (B) isocratic elution of methanol (solvent A) and water (solvent B) at flow rate 0.75 ml/min and detection wave length of 270 nm. The percentage of plumbagin in the root and leaf extracts was recorded to be (1.9 %) and (1.5 %) respectively.

Keywords: Plumbago europaea, plumbagin, HPLC

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 09 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology
The Effect of Brassinolide Application in the Anatomical and Physiological Characteristics of the Vegetative Parts of a Species from the Genous of Brassciaaleraceacabbage …
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The current study included details of the anatomical characteristics of vegetative parts including the root, stem, leaf in cultivated Iraq for the species Brassciaaleraceacabbage, where the study dealt with the stomatal index and the rate of both the length and width of the stomatal complex and the thickness of the periderm, the tissue, cortex, vascular cylinder and pith. The parts were taken and measured after the plant was treated with brassinolide and the treated species with brassinolide and non-treated were measured and the study showed that there was a clear variation in the properties above.

Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2012
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Mathematics
Numerical solution of the two-dimensional Helmholtz equation with variable coefficients by the radial integration boundary integral and integro-differential equation methods
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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Green Innovation and its Impact in Reinforcing Sustainable Competitive Advantage: An Exploratory Study of Opinions of a Sample of Employees in the Karungi group in Kirkuk
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The development of the world, and in light of the intensity of competition highlighted the need to research and create a sustainable competitive advantage is sustained from an internal source in the company earned by the scarcity and difficulty of imitation by competitors, and this source is green innovation. In order to achieve the objective of the research, which is the diagnosis and analysis of the relationship between green innovation (in products, processes) and sustainable competitive advantage in the group of companies Kronji, was developed a default model of the research reflects the nature of the relationship and influence among its variables, the research adopted the questionnaire as a key tool for collecting data and i

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The pioneering trend in managing health institutions and its impact on improving the quality of services : A case study in some institutions of the Iraqi Ministry of Health
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This study seeks to identify the role that the leadership trend plays in the management of health institutions in Iraq and its impact on improving the quality of the health service provided by analyzing some opinions of affiliates working in the Iraqi health sector where a survey list was used as a main tool for collecting primary data, as it was subjected to this analysis ( 60) of the medical staff, of whom (40) are doctors and (20) are affiliated with the rank of assistant physician, and (60) members of the administrative cadre have undergone their various job ranks and administrative specializations (department manager, auditor, observer, accountant, statistician, secretary). Reliance on statistical software (spss) in data ana

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Degree of Availability of Moral Values in the Arabic Language Textbook (Al-Mu’nes) For Grades Eleven and Twelve For Post-Basic Education in The Sultanate of Oman
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          The current study aimed to reveal the moral values available in the Arabic language textbook (Al-Mu’nes) for   grades eleven and twelve for post-basic education in the Sultanate of Oman. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach using the sentence as measuring unit in the analysis process. The five fields of moral values and their subcategories values represented the categories of the analysis. Iterations of values and the percentages of iteration were calculated in those textbooks. Moreover and the analysis and stability of the process were confirmed.

         After referring to previous studies, it was possible to de

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of the Aquatic Plant Hydrella vorticellata as a Fertilizer on Seed Germination and some Chemical and Cytogenetics Parameters in the cell of Hordeum vulgare and Vicia faba
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The present study is concerned with studying the effect of aquatic plant Hydrella vorticellata with the concentration of 10 and 20 gm/2 K gm soil on percentage and growth rate of germinating seeds of Hordeum vulgare and Vicia faba. More overs, the quantitative amount of NPK in both tested plants and Hydrella vorticellata, are estimated as an organic fertilizer. It has also been find the total number of root cells, the number of dividing cells, and stages of mitosis. The study reveales, that there are no significant differences between the concentration of hydrella used in germination percentage, growth rate, wet and dry weight. While there are differences in the plants containing NPK. The number of cells dividing stages and number of divid

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2002
Journal Name
Msc Thesis
Anatomical , Histological and Ultrastructural Study of the Hypophysis and Epiphysis Cerebri in Common Quail . Coturnix coturnix coturnix L
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Trends in Contemporary Ceramic Art and the Overlapping of Stylistic Concepts (Installation Art and Assemblage as a Model)
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Contemporary arts have achieved, in accordance with the transition of concepts, a new logic in presentation and expression in general, and specifically in the field of ceramic art. The shift towards the logic of rejection and subversion of prevailing methods, which have been almost a constant foundation for a long period, has directly influenced the direction of visual arts in the contemporary world.
The growth and cultural transformations that the world has witnessed after the two World Wars have produced cognitive shifts based on strategies that diverge from the dominant culture. These approaches vary according to existential needs, as the language of art has become conceptual and a medium for contemporary culture with its rapid an

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Adopting IPSASs and its impact on the quality of financial reporting and performance evaluation in Iraqi government units
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Abstract

     Performance evaluation is of great importance in all countries of the world, because it has a prominent and effective role in determining the efficiency and effectiveness of the optimal use of available resources, which are rare and important in achieving the desired objectives. With the continued growth of public spending and the limited resources, the State seeks to achieve its objectives through its units with minimal expenditure or deficit, rationality and wastefulness in the spending. In many countries, particularly developing countries, reforms are made in the public sector to achieve that goal through the adoption of IPSAS, which is reflected in the developmen

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Land Uses temporary agricultural in the province of Maysan and its relationship to soil salinity and its chemical
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The research aims to learn spatial disparities tracts of agricultural crops in the
province of Maysan and their relationship (the salinity of the soil and the degree of chemical
interaction (PH)) The research is divided into an introduction and three Investigation eat first
section spatial disparities agricultural crops (cereals, vegetables, legumes and forage). The
comparison between the years of production in the province where the province has seen
varied spatial by hand and taking second section degrees of soil salinity and its impact on
agriculture, as well as the chemical reaction (PH) and its impact on agriculture The third
section has been used three technical techniques first linkage and the second simple an

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