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Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Plumbagin in the Leaf and Root of Plumbago europaea Growing Naturally in Kurdistan by HPLC
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Plumbago (Plumbaginaceae) is a genus of 10-20 species of flowering plants used in traditional Indian medicine, native to warm temperature to tropical regions of the world. The roots of Plumbago europaea, the Iraqi species of Plumbago, have been used for the treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and dysmenorrhea. The main active constituents from dried powdered leaves and roots of Plumbago europaea were extracted by Soxhlet apparatus using ethyl acetate, the main active constituent was characterized by spectroscopic analysis (IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR)   as plumbagin. Quantitative and qualitative study of plumbagin in the roots and leaves extracts was carried out by HPLC technique  using analytical column (Eurospher 100, C18, 5 µm, 250 x 4.6 mm)  with 10% solvent (B) isocratic elution of methanol (solvent A) and water (solvent B) at flow rate 0.75 ml/min and detection wave length of 270 nm. The percentage of plumbagin in the root and leaf extracts was recorded to be (1.9 %) and (1.5 %) respectively.

Keywords: Plumbago europaea, plumbagin, HPLC

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Publication Date
Wed May 24 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Proof and its inferences in the Qur'an
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And after:

There are many aspects of inference in the Holy Qur’an, whether it is evidence, evidence, argument, authority, or proof.
These expressions or expressions are close in meaning to each other in appearance, but the Qur’an used them all in their exact place, so every word in the Qur’an has its own use that was set for it, and no other word can replace it even if it is close in meaning to it. And these aspects that the Qur’an mentioned as evidence for the aspects of inference in it may come to be mental, textual, or tactile evidence.
The Qur’an exalted the importance of evidence and proof in its religion, and entrusted it with confirming and rejecting the plaintiff’s claim, regardless of its subject matter

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Publication Date
Wed May 24 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The wife's alimony in Sharia and law
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Praise be to God, we praise Him, we seek His help, we seek His forgiveness, and we seek refuge in God from the evils of ourselves and our bad deeds. . The marriage contract, like other contracts, gives rise to reciprocal rights and duties that bind both the husband and the wife, pursuant to the principle of balance, equivalence, and the equality of the parties to the contract on which every contract is based. . That is, women have rights over men similar to what men have over women, or that the basis for estimating these rights and duties is custom based on the nature of both men and women. The Iraqi Personal Status Law stipulates all the financial rights that the wife is entitled to from her husband: namely, the dowry and alimony. As fo

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Environmental Science And Development
Estimation of the Concentrations of Some Pollutants Resulting from the Use of Arabian Bakhour and Their Effect in Patients with Asthma in the City of Baghdad
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This research focus on studying 3 types of Bakhour in the markets of Baghdad city and assessing their impact on the quality of life for asthmatic whom used Bakhour at their houses through investigating particles physical properties, also estimating the levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn), Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10, Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO). The quality of life for asthmatic patients whom use Bakhour was assessing by Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. The results indicated that shapes of Bakhour particles were irregular or spherical. Burning process generated the higher percent of PM ˂1μm. Type 2 Bakhour showed the highest percent of <1μm which was 73%.The amount of

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Al- Mohtaref Journal
Impact of The Use of Electronic Concept Mapping Strategy in Learning and Retaining Some of The Skills of The Ground-Moving Carpet in Women's Artistic Gymnastics
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The study aimed to identify the use of the electronic concept maps method in learning some of the skills of the floor exercises in the artistic gymnastics for third graders ,as well as to identify the best group between the two research groups (experimental And the officer to learn and retain some of the skills of the floor exercises in the artistic gymnastics of the research subject , and the experimental method was used and included the sample research on students of the collage of Physical Education and Sports Sciences/University of Baghdad, third grade, and has selected (10) Students for each group of The experimental and controlling groups randomly by lottery and after the completion of the period of implementation of the experiment wh

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2020
Journal Name
Int’l Journal Of Advances In Chemical Engg., & Biological Sciences
In vivo Study of Effects of Citric from Aspergillus Niger and Lemon Juice on the Hormonal Level and Histoarchitecture of the Testis
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To study the qualitative changes in testis tissue after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration and to determine whether citric acid (CA) has a protective effect against testis damage induced by CCl4. This study compared two types of CA by measuring the histoarchitecture of the testis and serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone on mice. One of the most produced organic acid is citric acid. In this study, CA produced by microbial fermentation using Aspergillus Niger 5mg/kg and derived from citrus limon 400mg/kg (lemon). Mice were treated with daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for seven successive days after randomly separated into six groups: (1) control, (2) CCl4 (0.02%), (3) limon citric acid (400 mg/kg), (4) CCl4 (

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 28 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Decision-making by the administrative bodies of sports clubs participating in the Iraqi Premier League for football for the 2022-2023 season.
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The research aimed to study the decision-making of the administrative bodies of sports clubs participating in the Iraqi Football Premier League for the 2022-2023 season. The researchers used the descriptive approach (survey study) to suit the nature of the research. The research community is represented by members of the administrative bodies of the sports clubs participating in the Iraqi Premier Football League for the 2022-2023 season, who number (177) members of the administrative body. The researchers used the questionnaire to collect the necessary data to achieve the goal of researching The method of applying a questionnaire aimed to identify the decision-making of the administrative bodies of sports clubs. The most important r

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 23 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Assessment of long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) by estimating the drug atenolol with ammonium molybdate via continuous flow injection analysis: drug atenolol a
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     Atenolol was used with ammonium molybdate to prove the efficiency, reliability and repeatability of the long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) using continuous flow injection analysis. The method is based on reaction between atenolol and ammonium molybdate in an aqueous medium to obtain a dark brown precipitate. Optimum parameters was studied to increase the sensitivity for developed method. A linear range for calibration graph was 0.1-3.5 mmol/L for cell A and 0.3-3.5 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 133.1680 ng/100 µL and 532.6720 ng/100 µL for cell A and cell B respectively with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9910 for cell A and 0.9901 for cell B, RSD% was lower than 1%, (n=8) for the determination of ate

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Expressive and aesthetic role of the scenes in the initiation speech the picture (Cinema Togravea)
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Construction is the opening of the important pillars of the construction of the film as a whole for this, we find that the first of any narrative of my film begin at the borders of this construction is the window that we look through the contents tale and puzzle narrative is of significance that degrade traveler when reservoirs expression later in reasoning and find justifications ills that came by those initiation, this initiation may be the window that lead us to the core, understanding the story through signals received to the recipient to sail because of the paths of pickling what is which is encoded, but this initiation may serve as keys that understanding the be puppies and signals that beset and surrounded to what He holds inevita

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Wlkalam
Earthquakes in the Holy Qur’an and the Hadith of the Noble Prophet, an intellectual approach
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Earthquakes in the Holy Qur’an and the Hadith of the Noble Prophet, an intellectual approach

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2006
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Messenger’s approach to preaching (the Meccan stage in light of the Qur’an and Sunnah)
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First: People’s need for advocacy:

Calling for a legal necessity for all people, regardless of their races, colours, tongues, and culture, to explain the truth, spread fear, bring benefits, ward off evil, regulate a person’s relationship with his Lord, and his relationship with creatures, so that he knows his money and what he owes.

All of creation is in dire need of the call to God’s religion with insight due to their inability to reach out to goodness, righteousness, guidance, and success on their own. Man is limited in thinking in this universe, limited in his resolve, unable to know what will improve his affairs in the two worlds. His need for religion is one of the necessities of his life, and one of the comple

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