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Microbial Contamination of Eye Drops in out Patient in Iraq
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Acontaminated ophthalmic solutions represent a potential cause of avoidable ocular infection. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and pattern of microbial contamination of eye drops in out patient at the department of ophthalmology, at Baghdad national hospital, Iraq. Fifty four vials from the out patient clinic were obtained for microbial examination after an average use of 2 weeks. The dropper tip and the residual eye drop were examined for contamination. The specimens were cultured, the number of colonies counted, the organisms identified. Eight (15%)  out of 54 analyzed vials were contaminated , most bacteria identified belonged to the normal commensal flora of the eye. Isolated contaminants were Staphylococcus auereus, Micrococcus , Neisseria catarrhalis, Gram negative Rods, Candida albicans, and Staph epidermidus.The dropper tip was more often contaminated (n=5) than the residual solution (n=2) and only one vial showed acontamination of both the drop and the tip (n=1) . Our data show acontamination rate of 15%, which is in the medium range of data puplished on the contamination of eye drops elsewhere (0.07% to 35.8%).

Key words : Microbial Contamination, Eye Drops

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Publication Date
Tue May 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Designing compound exercises with hardware technology and its impact on some physical and skill abilities of the Airways Club players under (19) years old.
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ER Abbas, AA Jasim, Journal of Physical Education, 2023 - Cited by 1

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 20 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the Chemical Bonding of Heterometallic Trinuclear Cluster Containing Cobalt and Ruthenium: [(Cp*Co) (CpRu)2 (μ3-H) (μ-H)3] using QTAIM Approach
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The topological parameters of the metal-metal and metal-ligand bonding interactions in a trinuclear tetrahydrido cluster [(Cp*Co) (CpRu)2 (μ3-H) (μ-H)3]1 (Cp* = η5 -C5Me4Et), (Cp = η5 -C5Me5), was explored by using the Quantum Theory of Atoms-in-Molecules (QTAIM). The properties of bond critical points such as the bond delocalization indices δ (A, B), the electron density ρ(r), the local kinetic energy density G(r), the Laplacian of the electron density ∇2ρ(r), the local energy density H(r), the local potential energy density V(r) and ellipticity ε(r) are compared with data from earlier organometallic system studies. A comparison of the topological processes of different atom-atom interactions has become possible than

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
Results In Materials
Fabrication and characterization of mesoporous calcium silicate and silver-incorporated mesoporous calcium silicate nanoparticles with low cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties as a dental biomaterial
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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Performance Evaluation of Pole Placement and Linear Quadratic Regulator Strategies Designed for Mass-Spring-Damper System Based on Simulated Annealing and Ant Colony Optimization
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This paper investigates the performance evaluation of two state feedback controllers, Pole Placement (PP) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR). The two controllers are designed for a Mass-Spring-Damper (MSD) system found in numerous applications to stabilize the MSD system performance and minimize the position tracking error of the system output. The state space model of the MSD system is first developed. Then, two meta-heuristic optimizations, Simulated Annealing (SA) optimization and Ant Colony (AC) optimization are utilized to optimize feedback gains matrix K of the PP and the weighting matrices Q and R of the LQR to make the MSD system reach stabilization and reduce the oscillation of the response. The Matlab softwar

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Engineering And Technology Journal
Synthesis and study of the Novel tetradented ligand type N2O2 and its complexes with (Mn (II) ,Co (II) ,Ni (II) and Cu(II)) ions
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A new Schiff base ligand Bis-1,4-di[N-3-(2-hydroxy-1-amino)- acetophenonylidene] benzylidene [L] and its complexes with (Mn(II) ,Co(II) ,Ni(II and Cu(II)) were synthesized . The ligand was prepared in two steps. In the first step a solution of (terphthalaldehyde) in methanol reacts under reflux with (p-aminoacetophenone) to give an intermediate compound [1-[3-({4-[(3-Acetyl-phenylimino)-methyl]-benzylidene}-amino)-phenyl]- ethanone which reacts in the second step with (2-Amino-phenol) giving the mentioned ligand. The complexes were synthesized by addition the corresponding metal salt solution to the solution of the ligand in methanol under reflux in (1:1) metal to ligand ratio. On the basis of, molar conductance, I.R., UV-Vis, HPLC, chlorid

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
ARZI KANBER HİKAYESİ'NİN IRAK TÜRKMENLERİ ARASINDA TESPİT EDİLEN YENİ BİR VARYANTI'NIN İNCELENMESİ ANALYZING A NEW TEXT OF " ARZO AND QENBER "TALE AMONG IRAQI TURKMENS
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Öz      

            Arzı Kanber/Kamber hikayesi Anadolu, Rumeli, Azerbaycan, Türkmenistan ve Irak gibi Türk dünyasının birçok yerinde birden fazla varyantı bulunan, çok sevilen ve yaygın olarak anlatılan aşk ve dramatik maceralı bir halk hikayesidir. Türk halk hikayelerinin en popüler olanlarından biri sayılan Arzı Kanber/Kamber hikayesi, Anadolu'nun birçok yöresinde bilinmesine rağmen Irak Türkmenleri arasında daha çok sevildiği ve yaygın olarak anlatıldığı tespit edilen birden fazla varyantından da görülebilir. Irak Türkmenleri arasında günümüze kadar hikayenin iki varyantı tespit edilmi

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 24 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Structural, Characterization, Biological and Studying the Enzyme Activity of some transition metal complexes with 4- )(2- hydroxy phenyl imino) methyl) -2, 6-dimethoxy phenol
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A new Schiff bases ligand 4- ((2-hyolroxy phenylimino) methyl) -2, 6-dimethoxyphenol  derived from condensation of 2- amino phenol with 4-hydroxy -3, 5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde have been synthesized and characterized by  spectroscopy,  spectra, Mass spectrum and elemental microanalysis (C.H.N). Metal Complexes with ions have been also synthesized and characterized spectroscopic methods  spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption, molar conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility. These studies indicate that the moler ratio  for the complexes. The complexes  showed characteristics octahedral geometry with the (O,N) ligand coordinated in bidentate mode while with  showed square planer. The enzyme activity of the ligand and i

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 06 2013
Journal Name
Advances In Physics Theories And Applications
Adsorption study of Symmetrical schiff base ligand 4,4 -[hydrazine -1,2- diylidenebis ( methan-1-yl-1-ylidene) bis ( 2-methoxyphenol)] on Granulated Initiated calcined Iraqi …
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Meta Gene
Cytokine gene variations and their impact on serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 among Iraqi Arabs
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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of 1,4-di[ aminomethylene carboxyl] phenylene (H2L) and its Complexes Co(II), Cu (II), Zn(II) and Cd (II)
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