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Implementation of a Clinical Pharmacy Training Program in Iraqi Teaching Hospitals : Review Article
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Pharmaceutical care is a patient-centered, outcomes oriented practice that requires the pharmacist to work in concert with the patient and the patient’s other healthcare providers to promote health, to prevent disease, and to assess, monitor, initiate, and modify medication use to assure that drug therapy regimens are safe and effective. In addition, the presence of clinical pharmacists has led to a higher quality of patient education and provision of complete detailed information for patients. In developed countries Pharm D has become the professional degree for practice of Pharmacy. The graduates will be enrolled in a pharmacy residency program; admission to the residency programs is available to Pharm D graduates of an accredited College of Pharmacy. The residency is also designed to prepare the residents to become Board Certified Specialists in their field.  In many developing countries three new pharmaceutical education programs have currently been established to serve the pharmaceutical care development. Firstly, a six-year curriculum leading to the doctor of pharmacy (Pharm. D) degree as the sole professional degree. Secondly, Pharmacy Residency and Fellowship Training Program have been developed to provide intensive training in pharmaceutical care practice to the pharmacists. Lastly, the continuing pharmaceutical education program (CPE) has been adopted to ensure the competency of all pharmacists to deliver the best knowledge and skills in pharmaceutical sciences in their specialties. In our opinion we lack for most of these programs, even the program of clinical pharmacy in ministry of health is not residency program and it is short and not subspecialized apart from being not recognized by academic institutes and references.  In conclusion, pharmacy profession has to change towards the more responsibility on patient care. New training program has to be adopted by medical education institutes to provide clinical pharmacists as a profession and to prepare board certified clinical pharmacists as specialists to cope with the advances in all medical fields.

Key words: clinical pharmacy, board certification.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 13 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
A PhD Research Effectiveness of Nurse’s Knowledge and Practices Program Toward Care of Patient Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
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Abstract

Objective : the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse’s practices and knowledge program toward care of patient with cardiopulmonary bypass .Methodology: A pre-experimental design (one group pretest- posttest design) was used to carry out this study in three governmental hospitals in Baghdad ( Iraqi Centre for Heart Diseases , Ibn – Albitar Centre for Cardiac Surgery and Ibn – Alnafees Centre for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery ) for the period from 15th of May 2022 into 20th of April 2023.The construction and development of the program and instruments had carry out by the researcher to measured the purposes of the study , twenty two nurses was purposively assigned for the study group . The

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Using of Constructed Wetlands in The Treatment of Wastewater: A Review for Operation and Performance: Review for Using of Constructed Wetlands in The Treatment of Wastewater: Operation and Performance
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Wastewater recycling for non-potable uses has gained significant attention to mitigate the high pressure on freshwater resources. This requires using a sustainable technique to treat natural municipal wastewater as an alternative to conventional methods, especially in arid and semi-arid rural areas. One of the promising techniques applied to satisfy the objective of wastewater reuse is the constructed wetlands (CWs) which have been used extensively in most countries worldwide through the last decades. The present study introduces a significant review of the definition, classification, and components of CWs, identifying the mechanisms controlling the removal process within such units. Vertical, horizontal, and hybrid CWs

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 14 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Guidance Program in Reducing the Level of Addiction on Social Media in a Sample of High School Students in Karak Schools
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Abstract

The current research aims to develop a guidance program suitable for high school students and apply it to them in order to ensure the reduction of addiction to the use of different means of communication. The researchers used the scale of addiction to the means of communication (SAS) to measure the level of addiction as well as to identify the impact of the proposed guidance program in reducing the degree of addiction to communication. It was applied to a sample of (20) female students divided equally into two groups: an experimental group of (10) female students and a control group of (10) female students from the secondary level in a school under the department of education in the education of the alma

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 10 2026
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De Psicología Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte, Issn 1886-8576, Vol. 16, Nº. 3, 2021
The effect of a rehabilitation program using a tens device for the treatment of pain and impaired mobility of the wrist and limbs joint in basketball players
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Autorías: Hadeer Idan Ghanim, Ishraq Mahmood. Localización: Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. Nº. 3, 2021. Artículo de Revista en Dialnet.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 23 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
Assisted Non-Surgical Therapy of Periodontal Pockets Utilizing Diode Laser: A Randomized Clinical Trial
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Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases, for which, scaling and root planning is the main approach. Diode laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment has shown some beneficial effects.

Aim: The objective of this single randomized controlled clinical study was to assess the effect of a 940 nm diode laser as an adjunct to SRP therapy in the treatment of periodontal pockets.

 Methods: In this study, twenty patients in need of periodontal treatment with periodontal pocket ≥ 4 mm were selected for this split-mouth clinical study. Test group treated by diode laser 940 nm as an adjunct with SRP, control group treated by SRP in contralateral quadrants. Clinical

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 05 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Clinical Practice
Assessment of COVID‐19 Treatment containing both Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin: A natural clinical trial
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2023
Journal Name
Biomed Research International
Efficacy of Autogenous Dentin Biomaterial on Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
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Background. After tooth extraction, alveolar bone resorption is inevitable. This clinical phenomenon challenges dental surgeons aiming to restore esthetic and function. Alveolar ridge preservation can be applied to minimize dimensional changes with a new socket grafting material, an autogenous dentin graft, produced by mechanically and chemically processing natural teeth. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of using autogenous dentin biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation. Materials and Methods. Patients with nonrestorable maxillary anterior teeth bounded by natural sound teeth were included in this study. After a detailed clinical and tomographic examination, eligible participants were randomly allocated into two groups

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Biomed Research International
Efficacy of Autogenous Dentin Biomaterial on Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
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Background. After tooth extraction, alveolar bone resorption is inevitable. This clinical phenomenon challenges dental surgeons aiming to restore esthetic and function. Alveolar ridge preservation can be applied to minimize dimensional changes with a new socket grafting material, an autogenous dentin graft, produced by mechanically and chemically processing natural teeth. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of using autogenous dentin biomaterial in alveolar ridge preservation. Materials and Methods. Patients with nonrestorable maxillary anterior teeth bounded by natural sound teeth were included in this study. After a detailed clinical and tomographic examination, eligibl

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Intermediate Schools EFL Teachers Evaluation of An In-ervice Training Programme on “Iraq Opportunities”
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Training and retraining of teachers have become a central issue in Iraq recently especially in-service training of English teachers on the new curricula (Iraq opportunities). English teachers should be objectively evaluated and assessed.
A sample of (40) trained teachers of English is included in the study and a questionnaire is used as the main instrument of the study.
The main findings of the study were the following:
1. The trainees were serious in training on the new course (item 6) the programme helped increase their information (item 4) and motivate them towards better teaching (item 3). The aims of the programme were clear (item1). The programme helped develop their teaching skills (item 2) and was comprehensive (item 5).

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 16 2020
Journal Name
Electronics
Downlink Training Design for FDD Massive MIMO Systems in the Presence of Colored Noise
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Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MaMi) systems have attracted much research attention during the last few years. This is because MaMi systems are able to achieve a remarkable improvement in data rate and thus meet the immensely ongoing traffic demands required by the future wireless networks. To date, the downlink training sequence (DTS) for the frequency division duplex (FDD) MaMi communications systems have been designed based on the idealistic assumption of white noise environments. However, it is essential and more practical to consider the colored noise environments when designing an efficient DTS for channel estimation. To this end, this paper proposes a new DTS design by exploring the joint use of spatial channel and n

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