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Detection of Epicatechin in Camellia sinensis Leaves by Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography Techniques
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    The current study performed in order to detect and quantify epicatechin in two tea samples of Camellia sinensis (black and green tea) by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extraction of epicatechin from black and green tea was done by using two different methods: maceration (cold extraction method) and decoction (hot extraction method) involved using three different solvents which are  absolute ethanol, 50% aqueous ethanol and water  for both extraction methods using room temperature and direct heat respectively. Crude extracts of two tea samples that obtained from two methods were fractionated by using two solvents with different polarity (chloroform and ethyl acetate). Qualitative and quantitative determinations of epicatechin in tea samples were investigated. Epicatechin identification was made by utilizing preliminary chemical tests and TLC. This identification was also boosted by HPLC and the quantity of epicatechin was determined in all ethyl acetate fractions of two tea samples. This research revealed the existence of epicatechin in black and green tea according to TLC and HPLC. Aqueous ethanol 50% was the best solvent for extraction of epicatechin from leaves of tea. Quantitative estimation of epicatechin by HPLC revealed that ethyl acetate fraction of DGTAE contains the higher concentration of epicatechin than other analyzed fractions. Conclusion, tea is an excellent source of catechins particularly epicatechin that possessed various pharmacological effects.

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 03 2020
Journal Name
Digest Journal Of Nanomaterials And Biostructures
PREPARATION OF MIXED In2O3 – CdO THIN FILMS BY CSP TECHNIQUE FOR LIGHT SENSING
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In this work, chemical spray pyrolysis deposition (CSP) technique was used to prepare a mixed In2O3-CdO thin films with different CdO content (10, 30 and 50)%volume ratio on glass substrates at 150 ᵒC substrate temperature. The surface morphology and structural properties were measured to find the optimum conditions to improve thin films properties for using as photo detector. Current –Time, the sensitivity and response speed vary for each mixture. Samples with 10% vol. CdO content has square pulse response with average rise time nearly 1s and fall time 1s.

Publication Date
Mon May 22 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study of the Optical Properties for ZnS Thin Film Irradiated by CO2 Laser
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In this study ZnS thin film was prepared by using thermal evaporation vacuum technique under the pressure (10-6) Torr on glass substrate at room temperature and annealing at 523 K Samples were irradiated to CO2 laser of power (1 watt) and wave length (10.6) μm at distance 10 cm from the source during (5 sec). The absorbance spectra was recorded by using UV-visible spectrophotometer and used to calculated some of optical properties investigated including their transmittance, reflectance spectra, energy gap, and extinction coefficient. From the result of thin films samples at room temperature and at 523 K, we conclude that the irradiation by laser causes a decrease in the transmittance and increasing in reflection and extinction coeffic

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2019
Journal Name
Diyala Journal For Pure Scince
Study influence of thickness and electrode mater on some electrical properties for ZnSe thin films prepared by thermal evaporation in vacuum
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Thin films of Zinc Selenide ZnSe have been prepared by using thermal evaporation in vacuum technique (10-5Torr) with thickness (1000, 2700, 4000) A0 and change electrode material and deposited on glass substrates with temperature (373K) and study some electrical properties at this temperature . The graphs shows linear relation between current and voltage and the results have shown increases in the value of current and electrical conductivity with increase thickness and change electrode material from Aluminum to Copper

Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Estimation of secondary compounds content of some citrus leaves and their relationship by dietary preference for yellow scale insect Aonidiella. Orientalis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)
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Abstract<p>The yellow scale insect <italic>Aonidiella orientalis</italic> is an important pest of citrus trees as it absorbs sap from leaves and fruits, causing leaves to turn yellow and deform fruits and drop them. The results of study showed nutritional preference of the insect over some of studied citrus species, as sour orange was the most preferred, followed by lemon and grapefruit, mandarin and oranges were least preferred, with a rate of 22.3, 13.3, 11.7, 10.8, 3.9, and insect / 2 inch<sup>2</sup>, respectively. while results showed a difference in the content of citrus leaves from the secondary compounds, with highest concentration of phenols and total flavonoids in o</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 01 2023
Journal Name
Chemical Engineering Research And Design
Improvements in hydrogen evolution through a new design of coupling inexpensive nanocomposite electrocatalysts driven by high-voltage electrolysis
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 04 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Thickness and gamma-ray effect on physical properties of CdO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
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Polycrystalline Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were prepared using pulsed laser deposition onto glass substrates at room temperature with different thicknesses of (300, 350 and 400)nm, these films were irradiated with cesium-137(Cs-137) radiation. The thickness and irradiation effects on structural and optical properties were studied. It is observed by XRD results that films are polycrystalline before and after irradiation, with cubic structure and show preferential growth along (111) and (200) directions. The crystallite sizes increases with increasing of thickness, and decreases with gamma radiation, which are found to be within the range (23.84-4.52) nm and (41.44-4.974)nm before and after irradiation for thickness 350nm and 4

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Thickness and gamma-ray effect on physical properties of CdO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
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Polycrystalline Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were prepared
using pulsed laser deposition onto glass substrates at room
temperature with different thicknesses of (300, 350 and 400)nm,
these films were irradiated with cesium-137(Cs-137) radiation. The
thickness and irradiation effects on structural and optical properties
were studied. It is observed by XRD results that films are
polycrystalline before and after irradiation, with cubic structure and
show preferential growth along (111) and (200) directions. The
crystallite sizes increases with increasing of thickness, and decreases
with gamma radiation, which are found to be within the range
(23.84-4.52) nm and (41.44-4.974)nm before and after irradiation for

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 17 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Fabrication and Characterization of Gas Sensor from ZrO2: MgO Nanostructure Thin Films by R.F. Magnetron Sputtering Technique
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Thin films ZrO2: MgO nanostructure have been synthesized by a radio frequency magnetron plasma sputtering technique at different ratios of MgO (0,6, 8 and  10)% percentage to be used as the gas sensor for nitrogen dioxide NO2. The samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and sensing properties were also investigated. The average particle size of all prepared samples was found lower than 33.22nm and the structure was a monoclinic phase. The distribution of grain size was found lower than36.3 nm and uninformed particles on the surface. Finally, the data of sensing properties have been discussed, where the

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 13 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Structure and Optical Properties of Ag doped CdO Thin Film Prepared by Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD)
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At a temperature of 300 K, a prepared thin film of Ag doped with different ratios of CdO (0.1, 0.3, 0.5) % were observed using pulse laser deposition (PLD). The laser, an Nd:YAG in ?=1064 nm, used a pulse, constant energy of 600 mJ ,with a repetition rate of 6 Hz and 400 pulses. The effect of CdO on the structural and optical properties of these films was studied. The structural tests showed that these films are of a polycrystalline structure with a preferred orientation in the (002) direction for Ag. The grain size is positively correlated with the concentration of CdO. The optical properties of the Ag :CdO thin film we observed included transmittance, absorption coefficient, and the energy gap in the wavelength range of 300-1100

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Int. J. Nanoelectronics And Materials
Comparsion of the physical properties for CdS and CdS doped PVA thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis
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