Steganography is a technique to hide a secret message within a different multimedia carrier so that the secret message cannot be identified. The goals of steganography techniques include improvements in imperceptibility, information hiding, capacity, security, and robustness. In spite of numerous secure methodologies that have been introduced, there are ongoing attempts to develop these techniques to make them more secure and robust. This paper introduces a color image steganographic method based on a secret map, namely 3-D cat. The proposed method aims to embed data using a secure structure of chaotic steganography, ensuring better security. Rather than using the complete image for data hiding, the selection of

Background: White-spot lesion is one of the problems associated with the fixed orthodontic treatment. The aims of this in-vitro study were to investigate enamel damage depth on adhesive removal when the adhesive were surrounded by sound, demineralized or demineralized enamel that had been re-mineralized prior to adhesive removal using 10% Nano-Hydroxy apatite and to determine the effect of three different adhesive removal techniques. Materials and methods: Composite resin adhesive (3M Unitek) was bonded to 60 human upper premolars teeth which were randomly divided in to three groups each containing ten sound teeth and ten teeth with demineralized and re-mineralized lesions adjacent to the adhesive. A window of 2 mm was prepared on the bucca

In this paper, we proposed a new class of weighted Rayleigh distribution based on two parameters, scale and shape parameters which are introduced in Rayleigh distribution. The main properties of this class are investigated and derived.

All the stiffened and unstiffened elastic constants for lead germanate (Pb5Ge3O11) single
crystal have been measured from room temperature 298 K up to 513K by using ultrasonic
pulse superposition technique. The correction of piezoelectric stiffening has been used to
obtain the unstiffened elastic constants. Elastic moduli of lead germanate (C11, C33, C12, C13,
C44 and C66) decrease with the increase of temperature. C11, C33, C
12 and C13 suffered a dip at
transition temperature but they increase with the increase of temperature just above Curie
temperature between 453 and 473 K because of their positive temperature coefficients in this
range, and then decrease slightly (except C12 increases) in the

This work describes the inhibition effect of different concentration of an aqueous extract of Peganum harmala seed on the corrosion of carbon steel in 3.5 % sodium chloride solution using potentiostatic polarization techniques at the temperature range of 25°C to 55°C. The result show that inhibition efficiency increased with increasing concentration of the inhibitor extracts and temperature. The adsorption of inhibitor on carbon steel surface was fit into Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters governing the corrosion and adsorption process were calculated and discussed.

Formation of Au–Ag–Cu ternary alloy nanoparticles (NPs) is of particular interest because this trimetallic system have miscible (Au–Ag and Au–Cu) and immiscible (Ag– Cu) system. So there is a possibility of phase segregation in this ternary system. At this challenge it was present attempts synthetic technique to generate such trimetallic alloy nanoparticles by exploding wire technique. The importance of preparing nanoparticles alloys in distilled water and in this technique makes the possibility of obtaining nanoparticles free of any additional chemical substance and makes it possible to be used in the treatment of cancer or diseases resulting from bacterial or virus with least toxic. In this work, three metals alloys Au-Ag-Cu

The goal of this paper is to construct an arcs of size five and six with stabilizer groups of type alternating group of degree five and degree six . Also construct an arc of degree five and size with its stabilizer group, and then study the effect of and on the points of projective plane. Also, find a pentastigm which has the points on a line. Partitions on projective plane of order sixteen into subplanes and arcs have been described.

This paper proposes a novel finite-time generalized proportional integral observer (FTGPIO) based a sliding mode control (SMC) scheme for the tracking control problem of high order uncertain systems subject to fast time-varying disturbances. For this purpose, the construction of the controller consists of two consecutive steps. First, the novel FTGPIO is designed to observe unmeasurable plant dynamics states and disturbance with its higher time derivatives in finite time rather than infinite time as in the standard GPIO. In the FTGPO estimator, the finite time convergence rate of estimations is well achieved, whereas the convergence rate of estimations by classical GPIO is asymptotic and slow. Secondly, on the basis of the finite and fast e