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Cellulose Fibers Dissolution in Alkaline Solution
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In this study, NaOH dissolution method was applied to dissolve cellulose fibers which extracted from date palm fronds (type Al-Zahdi) taken from Iraqi gardens. In this process, (NaOH)-solution is brought into contact with the cellulose fibers at low temperature. Experiments were conducted with different concentrations of NaOH (4%, 6%, 8% and12%) weight percent at two cooling bath temperatures (-15 oC) and (-20oC). Maximum cellulose dissolution was 23 wt% which obtained at 8 wt% concentration of NaOH and at cooling bath temperature of -20oC. In order to enhance the cellulose fibers dissolution, the sample was pretreated with Fenton's reagent which consists of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), oxalic acid (C2H2O4) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). This reagent reacts with cellulose fibers and produces free radicals which increase cellulose dissolution. In this work three variables were studied: cooling bath temperature (-15oCand-20oC), NaOH concentration (4%, 6%, 8% and12%) and time of Fenton's reagent treatment (1-48) hrs. The results showed that the best percent of cellulose dissolution was (42 wt %) which occurred at treatment time (24 hours), temperature (-20oC) and NaOH concentration 8%. In another set of experiments urea was added to NaOH solution as a catalyst with proportion (6%NaOH+4% urea) at two temperatures -15 and -20 oC. The results show that the solubility of cellulose increase to 62% for the sample which treated with Fenton's reagent and to 35% for the untreated sample, both values were obtained at -15oC.

 

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Morphological Participation in the Forms of (Faul) and (Fael)
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This research examines the phenomenon of the Arabic language repeated in the Qur'an and poetry, as some morphological formulas are valid in their uses and indications in more than one way. search).

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Adolescents' Quality of life in Hilla City
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Objective(s): The present study describes the quality of life (QOL) among adolescents with age of (12-22) year old and identifies factors that may be associated with it. Methodology: A cross-sectional design is carried throughout to evaluate adolescents' quality of life in Hilla City for the period of September 2nd 2016 to November 6th 2016. The present study is conducted in different settings that include schools and colleges in Hilla City. A non-probability "purposive" sample of (144) participant is selected and comprised of (50%) males and (50%) females. An instrument is constructed for the intent of the st

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Role Of Architectural Legacy In Achieving Architectural Sustainability
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Sustainability is a concept embodied in traditional architecture around the world since ancient times through spontaneous experimental compatibility with the environment and efficient exploitation of the natural resources of the environment according to a rapid development of trial and error over the years . Architecture was the basic means that man devised to protect him from the harsh conditions of the external environment by exploiting natural energy sources such as the sun, wind, and soil capabilitie, Many of the principles of sustainability overlapped with the social organization and human behavior of the community as it was reflected in the urban production at the level of standards of city planning and urban agglomerations as well

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The psychology of nightmares (horror) in the cinematic movie
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Psychology is one of the sciences that consciously overlap in terms of mutual influence with art forms in general and cinematic arts in particular. The psychological effect can be extrapolated into the visual image through the characters and their actions, especially the adoption of psychoanalytic ideas and proposals that came by (Freud), The cinema benefited from the concepts of psychology and participated in the process of creativity and the manufacture of events or the actions of characters, such as the concepts of consciousness and subconsciousness to express the psychological dimension of the film events, these data can be counted on the level of nightmares in the cinematic movies.
The methodological framework included the rese

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 19 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Avatar connotations in the works of sculptor Morteza Haddad
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Me researcher in this research study and discover the symbolic indications in the work of the Iraqi sculptor Morteza Haddad, has corrupted search of four chapters first chapter contains research problem and its significance and objectives of the research, which was to detect signs symbolism in works of contemporary Iraqi sculptor Morteza Haddad and terminology, which included significant the GTA and idiomatically and Velsfatta and conduct,

It also included the symbol for GTA and idiomatically and Velsfatta and hold, while the second chapter includes three sections are straight, semantics and icon, a brief on Iraqi contemporary sculpture, About the lives of contemporary Iraqi sculptor Then choose the terms of the research sample,

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The possibility of achieving sustainable agricultural development in Iraq
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Purpose – The research aims to introduce sustainable agricultural development and the possibility of its application in the Iraqi agricultural sector by setting a proposed plan by which to overcome obstacles and then advance the reality of the agricultural sector in Iraq and the fact that the process of achieving agricultural development in the Iraqi agricultural sector today has become more sophisticated and more distant than before. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach based on the principles of economic theory to clarify the shortcomings in the process of harmony between the three main elements of sustainable agricultural development, which are natural, social, and manufactured.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 07 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Environmental reality for kindergarten in the city of Baghdad
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Before the unit environmental problems serious the issues of the environment and conservation of contemporary issues important in the developed and developing worlds, it was natural that leads increasing global awareness to alert a group of intellectuals, scientists and politicians to the seriousness of this problem and the call to take steps deeper and more comprehensive with respect to the environment humanitarian based on the study of the various elements of this environment and a greater understanding of the relationships among them, and on this basis, steps have been taken to target the environment and to identify problems and make efforts to achieve the goals I: stop the deterioration of the environment and the second impro

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Written Text in Conceptual Art (An Analytical Study)
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The tagged research problem (the outputs of the written text in conceptual art) dealt with a comparative analytical study in the concept of conceptual art trends (land art - body art - art - language).

The study consisted of four chapters. The first chapter dealt with the theoretical framework, which was represented in presenting (the research problem), which raised the following question: What is the role of the written text in the transformations of the conceptual arts?

The first chapter included (the importance of research) and (research objectives) seeking to conduct comparative research in the written text within the trends of conceptual art as a moving phenomenon in art, and to reveal the variable written text in the

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 28 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
News Processing of Corruption Issues in Iraq Satellite Channels
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The core idea of this study revolves around the news coverage by Iraqi satellite channels regarding corruption issues and their implications on the public's perception of the political process. The researcher designed a content analysis form encompassing both primary and sub-categories of news bulletins from the channels, Dijlah and Al-Itijah, spanning from 01/06/2021 to 31/08/2021, using a comprehensive enumeration method. The chosen timeframe preceded the parliamentary elections held in October 2021. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach coupled with observation, the researcher derived results that met the study's objectives. Among these findings, news items enhanced with video content topped the categorie

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 10 2017
Journal Name
Al-academy
Form and function in the design of intellectual toys
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Playing is the only common language among children in every place and time, to the fact that what distinguishes the children is their quest to play and fun way innate, not acquired, which is expressed with the child really is one of the rights. And play a key entrance to the growth of the child mentally, intellectually and cognitively and not for the child emotionally and socially just. In the play the child begins to identify and classify objects and learn concepts and circulate among themselves on a linguistic basis. Activity here and play a major role in leading the linguistic development of the child in the composition has the communication skills.

The Games (especially intellectual ones) Whatever the cause of the development

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