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alkej-367
Anaerobic Digestion and Codigestion of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae Biomass with Wastewater Sludge and Dairy Manure for Biogas Production
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Abstract

 

Anaerobic digestion process of organic materials is biochemical decomposition process done by two types of digestion bacteria in the absence of oxygen resulting in the biogas production, which is produced as a waste product of digestion. The first type of bacteria is known as acidogenic which converts organic waste to fatty acids. The second type of bacteria is called methane creators or methanogenic which transforms the fatty acids to biogas (CH4 and CO2). The considerable amounts of biodegradable constitutes such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins present in the microalgae biomass make it a suitable substrate for the anaerobic digestion or even co-digested with other organic wastes. The present work investigated methane biogas production by anaerobic codigestion of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris biomass with organic waste from several sources such as wastewater sludge and dairy manure waste in different proportions as an additional carbon supply to enhance anaerobic digestion and therefore biogas production. Six bottles, employed as batch biodigesters each of 1 liter capacity, were used for that purpose at moderate conditions (35±2 oC). The produced biogas volume was monitored daily along 35 days and the results showed that the daily and cumulative biogas production was increased 4.5 times and 3 times for the bottles with 66.67% microalgae compared with the bottles with wastewater sludge or dairy manure waste only, respectively.

 Keywords: Anaerobic codigestion, biogas; dairy manure, microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris, wastewater sludge.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 04 2022
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Plain, Edge, and Texture Detection Based on Orthogonal Moment
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Image pattern classification is considered a significant step for image and video processing.Although various image pattern algorithms have been proposed so far that achieved adequate classification,achieving higher accuracy while reducing the computation time remains challenging to date. A robust imagepattern classification method is essential to obtain the desired accuracy. This method can be accuratelyclassify image blocks into plain, edge, and texture (PET) using an efficient feature extraction mechanism.Moreover, to date, most of the existing studies are focused on evaluating their methods based on specificorthogonal moments, which limits the understanding of their potential application to various DiscreteOrthogonal Moments (DOMs). The

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Abu Muhajin al-Thaqafi swinging Between intimacy and obedience
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330
Number (42) 13 Ramadan 1436 H 30 June 2015
Abu Muhsin al-Thaqafi oscillating between disobedience and obedience
Research Summary
This research deals with the impact of Islam on the poetry of the veterans who realized ignorance and Islam
Persistent and shifting perspective in their poetry, especially those that talk about
Topics deprived of Islam, such as hair, for example. It is known that the description of alcohol is common in
Pre-Islamic poetry, and the Arabs were proud to drink it as proud of their heroism and Frosithm,
And drinking alcohol was associated with religious roots, they thought that the drinker acquires the attributes of God,
He can do the things that gods do, and humans can not. A

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2023
Journal Name
Romanian Neurosurgery
Similarities and differences between two coincidently gravitational bullet cases
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Many cases of gravitational bullets are reported in developed and non-developed countries. However, few papers highlighted these cases in the literature. In our study, we present two cases of gravitational bullets that have an unusual coincidence in the injury characteristics through their ages, and gender, the site of the inlet.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
An Introduction to Gender in Feminine Literature and Criticism
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The Gender study is consider one of the concepts which the Postmodernism reached
after the end of Modernism, where the first one has limited the criticism study choices before
the second after closed many doors of subjects which was enriched by researches.
It is pretty clear that the root of this concept belongs to the Linguistics which provided
the Criticism with a countable reasons of it is growth.
The attention in the study of gender in Feminine Literature and Criticism increased in
Arabic studies since the early years of twenty one century, so this research is presented to be
an introduction to this subject which could pave the way to more studies.
In addition to the Gender studies this research deals with ano

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 24 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Contemporary Sculpture vision and concept: محمد عبد الحسين يوسف
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The research is divided into three chapters, the first of them to the research problem and its importance and its purpose and its limits, while the second chapter review of contemporary sculpture as a vision and concept, The third chapter came to view the most important results reached by the search.

 

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Determining Optimum Oil Separator Size and Optimum Operating Pressure
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The optimum separators operating pressure is determined by using flash calculations and equilibrium ratios. In this study, the optimum separator size for Jambur field is calculated by using equations introduced by Arnold and Stewart and API12J Specification [1]. Because Jambur field has a high production rate two conditions are taken in the study to determine separator size, first based on production rate 80,000 bbl/day and second based on split the production between two banks A and B (40,000 bbl/day for each bank). The calculation resulted in optimum separator pressure for the first stage of 700 psi, and the second stage of 300 psi, and the third stage of 120 psi. The results show that as the number of stages increased above three-stag

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
2017 7th World Engineering Education Forum (weef)
Sustaining a synergistic industrial advisory board and academic collaboration
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 10 2014
Journal Name
Monthly Notices Of The Royal Astronomical Society
Warm dark haloes accretion histories and their gravitational signatures
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We study clusters in warm dark matter (WDM) models of a thermally produced dark matter particle 0.5 keV in mass. We show that, despite clusters in WDM cosmologies having similar density profiles as their cold dark matter (CDM) counterparts, the internal properties, such as the amount of substructure, show marked differences. This result is surprising as clusters are at mass scales that are a thousand times greater than that at which structure formation is suppressed. WDM clusters gain significantly more mass via smooth accretion and contain fewer substructures than their CDM brethren. The higher smooth mass accretion results in subhaloes which are physically more extended and less dense. These fine-scale differences can be probed by strong

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Privatization Thesis and its trends in Iraq after 2003
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The concept of privatization is built on the basis of the transfer of assets and services of the public sector to the private sector this concept has appeared in the eighties of the last century whene the high oil prices took place and recession solution swept the world Which called for the freedom of the market and left the room for the private sector to take the initiatine in economic activity.         Both the IMF have   adopted this thesis in their programs of the structural adjustment in light of external and internal factors helped to Create the conditions to accept thesis that under the pretext of achieving a number of economic goals.

In Iraq in spite of

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
fashion and Contrasting in the contemporary Iraqi theater show
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Since its inception, the theatrical performance has been based on the principle of permanence, continuity, renewal and innovation in the structure of its visual elements. These innovations and the effectiveness of continuity cannot be achieved without searching for everything that is new and different at the level (form and content) in order to create an image with innovative and effective features in the theatrical discourse, and from Among the elements of the theatrical performance (theatrical costumes) that have been subject to variation since the beginning of the theater until now, and for this purpose, the current research was conducted with the question of the research problem: What are the variations of costumes in the contemporar

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