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Model Reference Adaptive Control based on a Self-Recurrent Wavelet Neural Network Utilizing Micro Artificial Immune Systems
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Abstract 

This paper presents an intelligent model reference adaptive control (MRAC) utilizing a self-recurrent wavelet neural network (SRWNN) to control nonlinear systems. The proposed SRWNN is an improved version of a previously reported wavelet neural network (WNN). In particular, this improvement was achieved by adopting two modifications to the original WNN structure. These modifications include, firstly, the utilization of a specific initialization phase to improve the convergence to the optimal weight values, and secondly, the inclusion of self-feedback weights to the wavelons of the wavelet layer. Furthermore, an on-line training procedure was proposed to enhance the control performance of the SRWNN-based MRAC. As the training method, the recently developed modified micro artificial immune system (MMAIS) was used to optimize the parameters of the SRWNN. The effectiveness of this control approach was demonstrated by controlling several nonlinear dynamical systems. For each of these systems, several evaluation tests were conducted, including control performance tests, robustness tests, and generalization tests. From these tests, the SRWNN-based MRAC has exhibited its effectiveness regarding accurate control, disturbance rejection, and generalization ability. In addition, a comparative study was made with other related controllers, namely the original WNN, the artificial neural network (ANN), and the modified recurrent network (MRN). The results of these comparison tests indicated the superiority of the SRWNN controller over the other related controllers.

Keywords: Artificial neural network, micro artificial immune system, model reference adaptive control, self-recurrent wavelet neural network , Wavelet neural network.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
The Effect of Adding Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Zinc Sulfate on the Corrosion Characteristics of the Drilling Fluid
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Drilling solutions can be considered as an intricate mixture comprising of number of chemical additives which aid specific needs such as controlling the rheological properties and reducing corrosion. Inhibitors are substances that are added in small concentrations to corrosive environment to decrease the corrosion. Their applications can be found in drilling equipments. The effect of adding Zinc Sulphate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose to study their influence on the corrosion of carbon steel in Bentonite mud has been evaluated using Weight Loss Technique. This study focuses on determining rheological properties and corrosion characteristics. Results show CMC and ZnSO4 work as inhibitors when added to the Bentonite with inhibition

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect Of Polar Component(1-Propanol) On The Relative Volatility Of The Binary System N-Hexane - Benzene
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Vapor-liquid equilibrium data are presented for the binary systems n-hexane - 1-propanol, benzene - 1-propanol and n-hexane – benzene at 760 mm of mercury pressure. In addition ternary data are presented at selected compositions with respect to the 1-propanol in the 1-propanol, benzene, n-hexane system at 760 mmHg. The results indicate the relative volatility of n-hexane relative to benzene increases appreciably with addition of 1-propanol.

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 23 2020
Journal Name
Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/egyptology
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Visual Images in UNHCR Reports on Displaced Iraqis
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The advent of UNHCR reports has given rise to the uniqueness of its distinctive way of image representation and using semiotic features. So, there are a lot of researches that have investigated UNHCR reports, but no research has examined images in UNHCR reports of displaced Iraqis from a multimodal discourse perspective. The present study suggests that the images are, like language, rich in many potential meanings and are governed by clearly visual grammar structures that can be employed to decode these multiple meanings. Seven images are examined in terms of their representational, interactional and compositional aspects. Depending on the results, this study concludes that the findings support the visual grammar theory and highlight the va

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2017
Journal Name
Italian Journal Of Pure And Applied Mathematics
A NOTE ON STRONGLY FULLY STABLE BANACH ALGEBRA MODULES RELATIVE TO AN IDEAL
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Let A be a unital algebra, a Banach algebra module M is strongly fully stable Banach A-module relative to ideal K of A, if for every submodule N of M and for each multiplier θ : N → M such that θ(N) ⊆ N ∩ KM. In this paper, we adopt the concept of strongly fully stable Banach Algebra modules relative to an ideal which generalizes that of fully stable Banach Algebra modules and we study the properties and characterizations of strongly fully stable Banach A-module relative to ideal K of A.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 06 2025
Journal Name
Discover Education
A qualitative study on the beliefs and perceptions of inaugural PharmD program graduates
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Background There is an increasing need for pharmacists to incorporate more patient care targeting. Consequently, the productivity of pharmacy programs can be enhanced by evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacy curriculum. Objectives To assess the beliefs, perceptions, and challenges of the College of Pharmacy –The University of Baghdad PharmD graduates regarding the PharmD program. Method Qualitative research methodology was implemented. Graduate PharmD candidates were interviewed either inperson or via telephone. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured format, utilizing a predetermined interview guide that included open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was implemented to analyze the data. Results A total of 2

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
American Journal Of Dentistry
Effect of adhesive materials on shear bond strength of a mineral trioxide aggregate
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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Development of a Blueprint Impact System of the risks on construction projects Implementation
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In Production and Operations Management the specialists  have  tried to develop a strategy to counter the risks arising from the activities of the organization and of waste of various types and therefore the risk management in the contemporary framework represents a phenomenon of new quality, and can not be this phenomenon to take practical dimensions, but the development of culture of the organization towards the risks and deal with all aspects and paint ways to address them within an integrated program, and requires new skills and systems provide accurate information capable of coordination between the various parties within the organization.

     The research aims to develop a blu

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Adsorption of Hydrogen Sulphide on the Zeolite type A Synthezied from Iraqi Kaoline
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Three types of zeolite A were prepared from Iraqi kaoline which are 3A, 4A and 5A by ion exchange method .They were characterized by XRD and atomic absorption techniques .They were used as adsorbents to examine their applicability for H2S adsorption .The adsorption process was performed in a static form and constant volume system which constructed from stainless steel .The effect of zeolite type and temperature on the adsorption properties of H2S at -5 , 25 and 55 oC was studied .The zeolite type 5A has the highest adsorption value (79.384 µmol/g ) and the three types may be arranged in a sequence toward H2S adsorption as 5 A> 4A>3A .The amount of H2S adsorbed increased as temperature decreased from 55 to -5 for all samples. Langmuir , Fre

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 05 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Notes on Traces of a Symmetric Generalized (?, ?)-Biderivations and Commutativity in Prime Rings
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Let R be a 2-torision free prime ring and ?, ?? Aut(R). Furthermore, G: R×R?R is a symmetric generalized (?, ?)-Biderivation associated with a nonzero (?, ?)-Biderivation D. In this paper some certain identities are presented satisfying by the traces of G and D on an ideal of R which forces R to be commutative

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 31 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Ruling on conducting a marriage contract through modern means of communication Juristic study
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This research dealt with highlighting the images of marriage through the modern means of communication and the legal ruling for it. Dowry even be knotted on them; because they are then one of the parties to the contract and contracted in one contract, and this is prohibited by law and law and common sense.

It turns out that it is permissible to advertise marriage through the Internet in accordance with the rules and standards that preserve values ​​and morals and safeguard dignity and chastity. The acts in Islamic law are vested with intentions. If intentions are true, then the act is true, and Internet marriage is what falls under this order.<

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