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Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network modeling Using Optical System Simulator
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Abstract

Due to the continuing demand for larger bandwidth, the optical transport becoming general in the access network. Using optical fiber technologies, the communications infrastructure becomes powerful, providing very high speeds to transfer a high capacity of data. Existing telecommunications infrastructures is currently widely used Passive Optical Network that apply Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and is awaited to play an important role in the future Internet supporting a large diversity of services and next generation networks. This paper presents a design of WDM-PON network, the simulation and analysis of transmission parameters in the Optisystem 7.0 environment for bidirectional traffic. The simulation shows the behavior of optical fiber links when the signal passes through all the components such as optical fiber, splitters, multiplexers then find a good quality of signal in all receivers. The system performance is presented through various parameters such as BER analyzer and the Eye Diagram.

 Keywords: Passive Optical Network (PON), Eye Height,  Bit Error Rate (BER),  Quality factor (Q).

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Smart Irrigation Technique in the Fixed Irrigation System Based on Soil Moisture Content
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Abstract<p>The growing water demand has raised serious concerns about the future of irrigated agriculture in many parts all over the world, changing environmental conditions and shortage of water (especially in Iraq) have led to the need for a new system that efficiently manages the irrigation of crops. With the increasing population growing at a rapid pace, traditional agriculture will have a tough time meeting future food demands. Water availability and conservation are major concerns for farmers. The configuration of the smart irrigation system was designed based on data specific to the parameters concerning the characteristics of the plant and the properties of soil which are measured once i</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 24 2018
Journal Name
Sensors
Adaptive Windowing Framework for Surface Electromyogram-Based Pattern Recognition System for Transradial Amputees
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Electromyogram (EMG)-based Pattern Recognition (PR) systems for upper-limb prosthesis control provide promising ways to enable an intuitive control of the prostheses with multiple degrees of freedom and fast reaction times. However, the lack of robustness of the PR systems may limit their usability. In this paper, a novel adaptive time windowing framework is proposed to enhance the performance of the PR systems by focusing on their windowing and classification steps. The proposed framework estimates the output probabilities of each class and outputs a movement only if a decision with a probability above a certain threshold is achieved. Otherwise (i.e., all probability values are below the threshold), the window size of the EMG signa

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
تصميم نظام مقترح لتخصيص مهام العمل لمحطات العمل وباعتماد الطرق الاجتهادية دراسة حال في الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية
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This research work dealt with the problem of layout the production line of engine of fan roof at the General Company for Electrical Industries (GCEI). It was observed that the assembly line of engine was unstable and subject to severe fluctuations. In addition the execution of tasks at some stations was observed to be very fast while at other stations was slow. This phenomenon resulted into bottlenecks between workstations, idle time, and work in process. The system design was used to assign tasks to work stations according to different heuristics (Ranked Positional weight techniques, longest Task Time, Most following tasks, Shortest tasks time, Least number of following task).

The study revealed that th

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
The Effect of Power Sources in the Agricultural Tractor and the Developed Sprayer System on the Performance of the Electrical and Mechanical Sprayer System and some Performance Indicators of the Engine
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Abstract<p>An experiment was conducted to study the effect of the sprayer type according to the source of power and the size of the spray nozzle concerning the quality of the spray produced and fuel consumption.Two types of sprayers were used: a conventional boom sprayer (S1) and a modified (electrified) boom sprayer (S2), along with three sizes of the XR TeeJet 110 spray nozzle (N). The following technical performance indicators were examined: Density of coverage (drops/cm2) using ImageJ software, a 600dpi business card scanner, specifically the ScanShell 800N by CSSN, Inc, and water-sensitive paper (WSP), rate of spray nozzles discharge (ml/min), and fuel consumption (liters/hectare) using a c</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
المجلة العلمية للبحوث التجارية في كلية التجارة جامعة جنوب الوادي في جمهورية مصر العربية
استعمال نظام محاسبة العميل كأحد اساليب المحاسبة الادارية الحديثة لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية بحث تطبيقي في عينة من المصارف العراقية
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Proceedings Of The International Conference On Research Advances In Engineering And Technology - Itechcet 2022
Suitability of Iraqi legal system for building operation transfer contract in infrastructure construction projects
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Mutagenic Effect of water Extracts of Malva parviflora by Bacterial System (part II )
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This study was carried out in order to determine the toxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects for Mallow (Malva parviflora) in comparison to its mutagenic effect of Ultraviolet (UV) because it is consider physical mutagen by using parameters for the extract pri , with , post UV exposure by using bacterial system (G-system). The used system consisted of three isolates G3 Bacillus spp., G12 Arthrobacter spp. and G27 Brevibacterium spp.. The study depended on recording survival fraction (Sx) for studying the effects and induction of Streptomycin and Refampicin resistance mutants as a genetic markers.Water Extract was prepared from fresh and dry mallow leaves, stems, flowers and roots, in optimum concentration equal to (125µg/ml) which is

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Eliminate harmful side – effects of Controls System by designing Activity – Based Responsibility Accounting model
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This research has come out with that, function-based responsibility accounting system has harmful side – effects preventing it of achieving its controlling objective, that is, goal congruence, which are due to its un integrated measures, its focus on measuring measurable behaviors while neglecting behaviors that are hardly measured, and its dependence on standard operating procedures.

In addition, the system hypotheses and measures are designed to fit previous business environment, not the current environment.

The research has also concluded that the suggestive model, that is, activity-based responsibility accounting is designed to get ride of harmful side – effects of functi

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Publication Date
Wed May 15 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Mesoporous Silica MCM-41 as a Carriers Material for Nystatine Drug in Delivery System
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In the present study, MCM-41 was synthesis as a carrier for poorly drugs soluble in water, by the sol-gel technique. Textural and chemical characterizations of MCM-41 were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The experimental results were analyzed mesoporous carriers MCM-41. With maximum drug loading efficiency in MCM-41 determined to be 90.74%. The NYS released was prudently studied in simulated body fluid (SBF) pH 7.4 and the results proved that the release of NYS from MCM-41 was (87.79%) after 18 hr. The data of NYS released was found to be submitted a Weibull model with a correlation coefficient of (0.995). The Historical

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 08 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Engineering And Technological Science (jaets)
Secure E-Voting System Utilizing Fingerprint Authentication, AES-GCM Encryption and Hybrid Blind Watermarking
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Ensuring security, integrity, and reliability of the election process consider as the main challenges in the electronic voting system. This paper describes the e-voting system by integrating the biometric authentication, advanced encryption, and watermarking techniques towards meeting such challenges. The system employs the fingerprint authentication by utilizing the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) for verifying the identity of the voter to ensure genuineness and non-repudiation of the service. The vote will be encrypted with the AES-GCM technique to be employed in securing the voting process, thus ensuring both data privacy and integrity. Hybrid Blind Watermarking employs the technique of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) a

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