The turning process has various factors, which affecting machinability and should be investigated. These are surface roughness, tool life, power consumption, cutting temperature, machining force components, tool wear, and chip thickness ratio. These factors made the process nonlinear and complicated. This work aims to build neural network models to correlate the cutting parameters, namely cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate, to the machining force and chip thickness ratio. The turning process was performed on high strength aluminum alloy 7075-T6. Three radial basis neural networks are constructed for cutting force, passive force, and feed force. In addition, a radial basis network is constructed to model the chip thickness ratio. The inputs to all networks are cutting speed, depth of cut, and feed rate. All networks performances (outputs) for all machining force components (cutting force, passive force and feed force) showed perfect match with the experimental data and the calculated correlation coefficients were equal to one. The built network for the chip thickness ratio is giving correlation coefficient equal one too, when its output compared with the experimental results. These networks (models) are used to optimize the cutting parameters that produce the lowest machining force and chip thickness ratio. The models showed that the optimum machining force was (240.46 N) which can be produced when the cutting speed (683 m/min), depth of cut (3.18 mm) and feed rate (0.27 mm/rev). The proposed network for the chip thickness ratio showed that the minimum chip thickness is (1.21), which is at cutting speed (683 m/min), depth of cut (3.18 mm) and feed rate (0.17 mm/rev).
Different cooking conditions were examined for aluminum content in food cooked while wrapped with aluminum foil. The influence of each anticipated factor (the acidity of the cooking medium, type of acids normally used in cuisines namely acetic and tartaric acids, various cooking temperatures, influence of the presence of sodium chloride salt, the effect of cooking oil, and the length of time of cooking) was studied thoroughly as a function of aluminum degraded out of the aluminum foils to the medium. The experimental samples were digested with nitric acid upon fulfillment of examining each factor separately before quantifying aluminum with the sensitive technique of atomic absorption spectroscopy. The outcomes of the study have shown that t
... Show MoreThis study aims to simulate and assess the hydraulic characteristics and residual chlorine in the water supply network of a selected area in Al-Najaf City using WaterGEMS software. Field and laboratory work were conducted to measure the pressure heads and velocities, and water was sampled from different sites in the network and then tested to estimate chlorine residual. Records and field measurements were utilized to validate WaterGEMS software. Good agreement was obtained between the observed and predicted values of pressure with RMSE range between 0.09–0.17 and 0.08–0.09 for chlorine residual. The results of the analysis of water distribution systems (WDS) during maximum demand
Single-photon detection concept is the most crucial factor that determines the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. In this paper, a simulator with time domain visualizers and configurable parameters using continuous time simulation approach is presented for modeling and investigating the performance of single-photon detectors operating in Gieger mode at the wavelength of 830 nm. The widely used C30921S silicon avalanche photodiode was modeled in terms of avalanche pulse, the effect of experiment conditions such as excess voltage, temperature and average photon number on the photon detection efficiency, dark count rate and afterpulse probability. This work shows a general repeatable modeling process for significant perform
... Show MoreReflection cracking in asphalt concrete (AC) overlays is a common form of pavement deterioration that occurs when underlying cracks and joints in the pavement structure propagate through an overlay due to thermal and traffic-induced movement, ultimately degrading the pavement’s lifespan and performance. This study aims to determine how alterations in overlay thickness and temperature conditions, the incorporation of chopped fibers, and the use of geotextiles influence the overlay’s capacity to postpone the occurrence of reflection cracking. To achieve the above objective, a total of 36 prism specimens were prepared and tested using an overlay testing machine (OTM). The variables considered in this study were the thickness of the
... Show MoreReflection cracking in asphalt concrete (AC) overlays is a common form of pavement deterioration that occurs when underlying cracks and joints in the pavement structure propagate through an overlay due to thermal and traffic-induced movement, ultimately degrading the pavement’s lifespan and performance. This study aims to determine how alterations in overlay thickness and temperature conditions, the incorporation of chopped fibers, and the use of geotextiles influence the overlay’s capacity to postpone the occurrence of reflection cracking. To achieve the above objective, a total of 36 prism specimens were prepared and tested using an overlay testing machine (OTM). The variables considered in this study were the thickness of the
... Show MoreThis paper proposes a new approach to model and analyze erect posture, based on a spherical inverted pendulum which is used to mimic the body posture. The pendulum oscillates in two directions, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], from which the mathematical model was derived and two torque components in oscillation directions were introduced. They are estimated using stabilometric data acquired by a foot pressure mapping system. The model was quantitatively investigated using data from 19 participants, who were first were classified into three groups, according to the foot arch-index. Stabilometric data were then collected and fed into the model to estimate the torque’s components. The components were statistically proce
... Show More* مشكلة البحث والحاجة اليه:
تأتي أهمية هذا العلم وقوته ومدى الحاجة اليه لكل الناس وخاصة اللذين يريدون أن يغيروا عاداتهم السيئة ويأثروا في غيرهم ، أذ اكد المفكرون والقادة والمصلحون ورجال التربية أنه يجب على الإنسان ان يكون مثابراً ومجتهداً ومتقناً لعمله ، ومنظماً لوقته الى اخر القائمة الطويلة من مفردات الجودة ولم يقولوا كيف يمكن للانسان ان يفعل ذلك ؟ أن علم الهندسة النفسية استطاع ان يجيب. 
... Show MoreBackground: Elastomeric chains are used to generate force in many orthodontic procedures, but this force decays over time, which could affect tooth movement. This study aimed to study the force degradation of elastomeric chains. Data and Sources: An electronic search on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, LILACS, and PubMed was made, only articles written in English were included, up to January 2022.Study selection: Fifty original articles, systematic reviews, and RCTs were selected. Conclusion: Tooth movement, salivary enzymes, alcohol-containing mouthwash, whitening mouthwash, and alkaline and strong acidic (pH <5.4) solutions all have a significant impact on elastomeric chain force degradation. T
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