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METHODS OF MEASURING THE LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION EFFICIENCY IN NEWS HEADLINES: (Drawn from the doctoral thesis)
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Measuring the level of communicative competence in news headlines and the level of stylistic and semantic processing in its formulation requires creating a quantitative scale based on the bases on building the scales and their standards. As judging by scientific of journalism studies lies in the possibility of quantifying the journalistic knowledge, i.e. the ability of this knowledge to shift from qualitative language to its equivalent in the language of numbers.

News headlines and editorial processing are one of the journalistic knowledges that should be studied, analyzed stylistically and semantically; their conclusions drawn and expressed in numbers. Press knowledge is divided into two types:

First: Knowledges related to the means element means the newspaper, whether a newspaper or magazine.

Second: Knowledges related to the sender, message, receiver, echo or impact elements. The news headline measure to be developed depends on the division of these types of journalistic knowledge according to the elements of the communication process. It measures the efficiency of each of its components as follows:

  1. Stylistic and semantic measurement of the media message in the form of news headlines: It includes a set of mathematical equations that adopt the ratio and proportionality system developed by the researcher for the purpose of accomplishing the measurement of the effectiveness of the headlines published in newspapers and their level of communication efficiency. This measurement represents the press knowledge related to the element of the message.
  2. Measure the level of communication skills of press editors with regard to stylistic and semantic processing in formulating the news headlines using the test model prepared by the researcher for the purpose of completing this measurement of twenty questions and each question estimate five grades.

In this light, the degree of drafting skill of news editors is determined. And this measurement represents journalistic knowledge related to the sender's element. Communication skill is matched by craft and intelligence. It means upgrading the meanings positively, excitement and conciseness in order to reach balance with the form of the method used; and to provide meaning in harmony and rhythm.

Communication skills mean writing and speaking skills on the one hand; and reading and listening skills on the other hand, i.e. the ability of the writer or speaker as the sender or source to choose linguistic and non-linguistic symbols; as well as the ability of the recipient to convert the symbols received to meanings he/ she can understand and grasp. This process is called coding skills.

  1. Determining the preference of the formulas in the news headlines resulting from the treatment taken by the editor that achieve the means of attracting attention and interest of the reader using the semantic differentiation form prepared by the researcher to identify the preference of the formulations used in the headlines of the readers that attract their attention and interest in the news. This measurement represents journalistic knowledge related to the elements of the future and echo.
  2. Identifying the newspapers whose titles are subject to the study according to the research plan and objectives; measuring the efficiency of drafting the titles; and presenting and diagnosing the type of journalism school to which it belongs. This measurement represents journalistic knowledge related to the instrument element.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
STUDY OF TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON THE HARDNESS FOR EPOXY RESIN AND UNSATURATED POLYESTER
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This search aim to measure Hardness for Epoxy resin and for unsaturated Polyester resin as base materials for composite Hybrid and the materials used is Hybrid fiber Carbon-Kevlar. The Hand Lay-up method was used to manufacture plates of Epoxy resin (EP) and unsaturated Polyester EP,UPE backed by Hybrid fiber (Carbon-Kevlar) and with small volume fraction 5,10 and 15 for every there are Layer of fibers (1,2 and 3). The hardness test was count for material EP, UPE resin and there composites and that we notice that the Hardness (HB) decreased with increase of temperatures.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Superconducting Properties of the (Bi0.8Pb0.2)2(Sr0.9Ba0.1)2 Ca2Cu3-x Nix O10+? System.
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The effect of substitution of Ni on Cu in (Bi0.8Pb0.2)2(Sr0.9Ba0.1)2 Ca2Cu3-x Nix O10+? for (x=0,0.1….1,2,3) superconductor system and sintering time has been investigated .The samples were prepared by solid-state reaction methods. The results show that the optimum sintering temperature is equal to 850 ºC, and the sintering time is equal to 140 h. The highest transition temperature (Tc) obtained for (Bi0.8Pb0.2)2(Sr0.9Ba0.1)2 Ca2Cu3-x NixO10+? composition was 113 with x=0.8 Phase analyses of the samples by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed an orthorhombic structure with a high Tc phases (2223) as a dominant phase and low Tc phase (2212) in addition to some impurity phases.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2016
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Problematic understanding of the question "What I overlooked something about you" when Sibweh
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This research is an attempt to unveil the cover and unveil a matter that has become mysterious to those who came after Sibweh of the grammar scholars; It took place as a result of the work of the scribes.

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Improving the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fireclay Refractory Bricks by Added Bauxite
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In this study, the investigation of Local natural Iraqi rocks kaolin with the addition of different proportions of bauxite and its effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the produced refractories was conducted. Kaolin/bauxite mixture was milled and classified into various size fractions, the kaolin (less than 105 μm) and the bauxite (less than 70μm). The specimens were mixed from kaolin and bauxite in ranges B1 (95+5)%, B2 (90+10)%, B3(85+15)%, and B4 (80+20)%  respectively. The green specimens were shaped by the semi-dry method using a hydraulic press and a molding pressure of 7 MPa with the addition of (9-12) %wt. of PVA ratio. After molding and drying, the specimens were fired at (1100, 1200 and 13

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Left Flank Pain and Hydronephrosis as the Initial Presentations of Advanced Gastric Cancer
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Ureteric obstruction is rarely noted in cases of gastric cancer. Its involvement by distant metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma without direct invasion is an exceptionally unusual occurrence. This is the story of a 58-year-old man who arrived at the emergency department with acute flank pain and fever. He was initially diagnosed with obstructive pyelonephritis after the discovery of a new onset, complete ureteric obstruction on the left side. Subsequent investigations and follow-up revealed the presence of gastric adenocarcinoma with possible ureteric metastasis bilaterally, flank pain and hydronephrosis were the first and only presentations of gastric cancer. The rarity of the condition and the unusual presentation encouraged us to r

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Electrochemical Science
Synthesis and Characterization of AlyCu0.15Zn0.85-yFe2O4 Ferrite Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
Iar Journal Of Business Management
Reducing The Costs Of Transporting Multiple Products (Linear Transport Problems) Using Excel QM
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The transportation model is a well-recognized and applied algorithm in the distribution of products of logistics operations in enterprises. Multiple forms of solution are algorithmic and technological, which are applied to determine the optimal allocation of one type of product. In this research, the general formulation of the transport model by means of linear programming, where the optimal solution is integrated for different types of related products, and through a digital, dynamic, easy illustration Develops understanding of the Computer in Excel QM program. When choosing, the implementation of the form in the organization is provided.

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2017
Journal Name
Australian Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences
Photometric Viewpoint to the Structure of Spiral Galaxy NGC 3351 with griz-Filters
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The term ‘photometry’ refers to the accurate determination of the apparent brightness of an astronomical object. Until roughly 1980, nearly all astronomical photometry was done by means of analog measurements of photographic plates, or by analog or digital (photon-counting) techniques with photomultipliers. These photometers produced brightness readings which were typically displayed on dials, plotted on strip charts or printed on strips of paper, and it was often quite practical to analyse these raw data with pencil, paper and a slide rule or table of logarithms. However, during the late 1970s electronic area detectors for astronomy became more advanced: first, for a brief period, television-type cameras were employed, but these were s

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Publication Date
Wed May 29 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Weathering effects on the thermal conductivity of PS/PMMA blends for packaging application
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This work describes the weathering effects (UV-Irradiation, and Rain) on the thermal conductivity of PS, PMMA, PS/PMMA blend for packaging application. The samples were prepared by cast method at different ratios (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 %wt). It was seen that the thermal conductivity of PMMA (0.145 W/m.K), and for PS(0.095 W/m.K), which increases by PS ratio increase up to 50% PS/PMMA blend then decreased that was attributed to increase in miscibility of the blend involved. By UV-weathering, it was seen that thermal conductivity for PMMA increased with UV-weathering up to (30hr) then decreased, that was attributed to rigidity and defect formation, respectively. For 30%PS/PMMA, there results showed unsystematic decrease in thermal conduct

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2025
Journal Name
Civil Engineering Journal
On the Impact of Lacing Reinforcement Arrangement on Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Performance
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The optimum design is characterized by structural concrete components that can sustain loads well beyond the yielding stage. This is often accomplished by a fulfilled ductility index, which is greatly influenced by the arrangement of the shear reinforcement. The current study investigates the impact of the shear reinforcement arrangement on the structural response of the deep beams using a variety of parameters, including the type of shear reinforcement, the number of lacing bars, and the lacing arrangement pattern. It was found that lacing reinforcement, as opposed to vertical stirrups, enhanced the overall structural response of deep beams, as evidenced by test results showing increases in ultimate loads, yielding, and cracking of

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