Leishmaniasis is a group of parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania spp., an endemic infectious agent in developing countries, including Iraq. Diagnosis of cutaneous lesion by stained smears, serology or histopathology are inaccurate and unable to detect the species of Leishmania. Here, two molecular typing methods were examined to identify the promastigotes of suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis samples, on a species level. The first was species-specific B6-PCR and the second was ITS1-PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using restriction enzyme HaeIII. DNA was extracted from in vitro promastigote culture followed by amplification of kDNA by B6 or amplification and digestion of LITSR/L

Suffer most of the industrial sector companies from high Kperfi magnitude of the costs of industrial indirect, lack of equitable distribution of these costs on the objectives of cost, increased competition, and the lack of proper planning in line and changes faced by the industrial sector (general) and sample (private), as well as the difficulty in re- directing efforts to improve profitability and in-depth analysis of activities, and to identify untapped resource activities, then link these activities to the final products  The research aims to apply the technology review and evaluate programs with the method (ABC) through the application stages of planning, scheduling and control and a comparison to get to the products of dev

This study aimed to detect of contamination of milk and local soft cheese with Staphylococcus aureus and their enterotoxins with attempt to detect the enterotoxin genes in some isolates of this bacteria. A total of 120 samples, 76 of raw milk and 44 of soft cheese were collected from different markets of Baghdad city. Enterotoxins in these samples were detected by VIDAS Set 2 system and it was found that enterotoxin A is present in a rate of 44.74% in milk samples and in a rate 54.50% in cheese samples. While other enterotoxins B, C, D, E were not found in any rate in any samples.
Through the study 60 isolates obtained from milk and cheeses were identified as Staphylococcus aureus by cultural, morphological and biochemical test by u

The current study aimed to determine the relation between the lead levels in the blood traffic men and the nature of their traffic work in Baghdad governorate. Blood samples were collected from 10 traffic men and the age about from 20-39 year from Directorate of Traffic Al Rusafa/ Baghdad and 10 samples another control from traffic men too with age 30-49 year and they livedrelatively in the clear cities or contained of Very few traffic areas. The levels of lead in blood estimated by used Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
The result stated that there is no rising of the levels of lead in blood of traffic men Lead concentration was with more a range from 14 ppm in Traffic police are not healthy They are within the permissible limits, Ap

Background: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is the most common form of inherited ataxia, comprising one-half of all hereditary ataxias with a carrier rate between 1 in 60 to 1 in 90 and with a disease prevalence of 1 per 29,000. It can occur in two forms the classic form or in association with a vitamin E dependent ataxia. The precise role of Vitamin E in the nervous system is unknown; An Oxidative attack is suspected to play a role in Ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency, as well as in Friedreich ataxia. Vitamin E is the major free-radical-trapping antioxidant.

Objective: Theobjectives of the study is to asses vitamin E level in patients with Friedreichs ataxia phenotype in Iraqi patients.

There is a theoretical controversy in the books of Usul al-Fiqh, in the past and the present, about whether the ruling should be attached to its reason (al-Hikmah), or its apparent and stable cause (al-Illah). Looking at the practical cases of the jurists, we found them sometimes attaching rulings to its reason, and sometimes to its cause, so there is a need to know the factors that affect their choices. By extrapolation, the researcher reached at nine factors that affect referring the ruling to its cause or to its reason in jurisprudential cases.

The present study aims to detection optimal conditions of production of amylase enzyme from isolate of B. subtillis A4. Nine carbonic sources were represented by starch, maltose, fructose, sucrose, glucose, arabinose, xylose, sorbitol and mannitol) at concentration of 1% for each source. It was found that the best was represented by starch carbonic, which showed higher activity and qualitative activity of 7.647 Unit/ ml and 461.56 Unit/ mg. Ten nitrogen sources were selected, including yeast extract, peptone, trypton, gelatin, urea and meat extract as organic sources Ammonium sulphate, Sodium nitrate, Potassium nitrate and Ammonium chloride as inorganic sources. These sources were added at aconcentration of 0.5% to the production medium. Th

Objective The incidence of rhythm and conduction abnormalities during acute myocardial infarction may approaches 100%; most are seen during the pre-hospital and coronary care unit phases, leading to deleterious effect on morbidity and mortality, this study conducted to find important persistent dysrhythmia found during CCU admission of acute myocardial infarction patients.Method A retrospective observational study of 553 patients who were admitted to the Coronary Care Unit of Alkindy Teaching Hospital during Year 2011 with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, Information and data extracted from case sheets and associated 12 leads daily ECGsResults only 25% of our patients had dysrhythmia on examining the present 12 leads ECGs , the

Importance of accounting standards belong to be the instructor and the advisor for accountant in performing his work . For each invironment a group of political, social, economical  and cultural factors which distinguish it about other environments . In  order to perform its aim in produsing accouting information helps in making decisions on different levels, accounting standards should established in a form that harmonized with the environment that apply in it . Establishing international accounting standards comes with the same direction and then it has put influential with standards some states that have influence on international accounting standards committee. So because of the big changes that happened in the inte