In recent years, the search for economic and environmentally friendly alternatives has become a global necessity to achieve sustainability and preserve raw materials. From this concept, natural bitumen (NB) derived from sulphur springs is now one of the most promising alternative energy resources for many applications, especially in asphalt pavement construction. Its low price and abundance characterise NB since sulphur springs produce thousands of tonnes of NB annually and are used in very limited fields. Two main objectives were adopted for this work. The first objective is to examine the virgin NB properties from five sulphur springs and compare them with petroleum asphalt. The second objective is to enhance NB properties by appl

In this paper, we will introduce and study the concept of nano perfect mappings by using the definition of nano continuous mapping and nano closed mapping, study the relationship between them, and discuss them with many related theories and results. The k-space and its relationship with nano-perfect mapping are also defined.

Abstract. Nano-continuous mappings have a wide range of applications in pure and applied sciences. This paper aims to study and investigate new types of mappings, namely nano-para-compact, completely nano-regular, nano-para-perfect, and countably nano-para-perfect mappings in nano-topological spaces using nano-open sets. We introduce several properties and basic characterizations related to these mappings, which are essential for proving our main results. Additionally, we discuss the relationships among these types of mappings in nano-topological spaces. We also introduce the concept of nano-Ti-mapping, where i = 0, 1, 2, nano-neighborhood separated, and nano-functionally separated, along with various other definitions. We explore the relat

Abstract. The purpose of this work is to introduce and investigate new concepts of mappings namely nano paracompactmappings, nano locally limited, nano h-locally limited and finally nano-perfect in nano topology by using nano-closed sets. As well as, the relation between these concepts of mappings have been study in nano topology. Additionally, the nano topology groups of the types and advances results which are introduces in this work are very vital. We also presented the type of nano Lindeloff mappings, and the relations of them was introduce and discussed with several characteristics related it. Nano morphism also introduce.

The aim of the research is to investigate the effect of cold plasma on the bacteria grown on texture of sesame paste in its normal particle and nano particle size. Starting by using the image segmentation process depending on the threshold method, it is used to get rid of the reflection of the glass slides on which the sesame samples are placed.  The classification process implemented to separate the sesame paste texture from normal and abnormal texture. The abnormal texture appears when the bacteria has been grown on the sesame paste after being left for two days in the air, unsupervised k-mean classification process used to classify the infected region, the normal region and the treated region. The bacteria treated with cold plasma, t

         This study involves the design of 24 mixtures of fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing nano silica. Tap water was used for 12 of these mixtures, while magnetic water was used for the others. The nano silica (NS) with ratios (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3) % by weight of cement, were used for all the mixtures. The results have shown that the mixture containing 2.5% NS gives the highest compressive strength at age 7 days. Many different other tests were carried out, the results have shown that the carbon fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing 2.5% NS (CFRMRPCCNS) had higher compressive strength, modulus of rupture, splitting tension, str

This study investigates the surgical and thermal effects on oral soft tissues produced by CO2 laser emitting at 10.6 micrometers with three different fluences 490.79, 1226.99 and 1840.4 J/cm2. These effects are specifically; incision depth, incision width and the tissue damage width and depth. The results showed that increasing the fluence and /or the number of beam passes increase the average depths of ablation. Moreover, increasing the fluence and the number of beam passes increase the adjacent tissue damage in width and depth. Surgeons using CO2 laser should avoid multiple pulses of the laser beam over the same area, to avoid unintentional tissue damage.

Abstract

 Nano-crystalline ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by hydrothermal method using chelating agent and two gel compositions:Compositionɪ:Al₂O₃:86SiO₂:5.5TPA:12.7Na₂O:3.4Trien:3320H₂O.Compositionɪɪ:Al₂O₃:68SiO₂:5.4TPA:10Na₂O:2.6Trien:2626H₂O.Study of hydrothermal reaction factors on characteristics of nano- sized zsm-5 has been carried on ,among them are crystallization temperature, crystallization time and concentration of template ( TPAOH ) solution. Synthesis was accomplished in PTFE lined autoclave ( reactor ) . The product were characterized by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ),Atomic force microsc