ABSTRACT

              Agricultural production, food security and safety, public health animal welfare, access to markets and alleviation of rural poverty have been achieved by controlling on veterinary services to prevent animal disease. World organization for animal health guidelines focus on controlling of animal disease which depends on good governance and veterinary services quality. The aim of veterinary services is controlling and preventing animal disease some of other aspects; it's responsibility of early detection, rapid response to outbreaks of emerging or re-emerging animal disease, optimizing quality and effectiveness of disease

beef and chicken meat were used to get Sarcoplasim, the chicken Sarcoplasim were used to prepare antibody for it after injected in rabbit, the antiserums activity were 1/32 by determined with Immune double diffusion test, the self test refer to abele for some antiserums to detected with beef sarcoplasim, which it mean found same proteins be between beef and chicken meat, which it refer to difficult depended on this immune method to detect for cheat of chicken meat with beef, so the antibody for beef sarcoplasim were removed from serum by immune absorption step to produce specific serum against chicken sarcoplasim that it used in Immune double diffusion test to qualitative detect for cheat beef with 5% chicken meat or more at least, and the

Background: the most common cause of obstructive jaundice is CBD stones, and these can produce significant morbidity and mortality. The management of the obstructive jaundice due to CBD stones is in evolution; several methods of investigations and treatment have been introduced, and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Objective: to study and evaluate the management of obstructive jaundice due to CBD stones in Baghdad teaching hospital.

Results: from the 125 patients presented with obstructive jaundice included in this study 14 patients were found to have a periampullary lesions, and they were excluded from the study, so the total number of the patients was

Hematological parameters were used as a biomarker of sub chronic effect of dursban  in Cyprinus carpio L. The common carp was exposed sub chronically to the 36, 53,113 µg /l concentrations of dursban for six weeks. During the experimental period the results showed a decrease  in the  red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC),  hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV),  and packed cell volume (PCV)  in the  last two weeks of exposure, while the Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly increased. The present study indicates that sub chronic exposures of C.carpio to dursban alter the hematological parameters.

Polymorphisms in the genes of G-protein subunit beta 3 (GNB3); rs5443, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1); rs211105 and rs4537731, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2); rs4570625 and sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5 (SCN5A); rs1805124, have known to cause the abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract that are implicated to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) predisposition. Upfront genetic polymorphism genotyping in IBS-related gene polymorphisms will help to intervene and guide the decision-making in the management of IBS patients. This study aimed to develop a genotyping method to detect the respective polymorphisms using nested allele-specific multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NASM-PCR). A combi

    One of the most important problems of IRAQI HEALTH MINISTRY and all healthy instruments in IRAQ is Chronic Diseases because it  have a negative effects on IRAQI population, this is the aim of our study ,to specify the important Chronic diseases which make the population fell weakly, they are six diseases as the IRAQ ministry of health specified (  Diabetes, blood pressure diseases ,Brain diseases ,  Cardiology, Asthma, epilepsy) we got these data from IRAQI HEALTH MINISTRY ,bureau of planning and studies ,for the period 2009-2012,as monthly observations , represent sum of peoples have chronic diseases in Baghdad .

     Our research obj

Objectives: to assess chronic diseases patients’ knowledge toward stroke risk factors and warning signs, besides
determining the relationship between chronic diseases patients’ knowledge and their sociodemographical
characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out at public medical clinics which has started from December
2
nd, 2008 to August 8th, 2009. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (300) chronic diseases individuals who
were clients of Public Medical Clinics who have one or more of the following chronic diseases (hypertension,
diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, and previous stroke), in Baghdad city. The data were collected through the use
of a constructed questionnaire which consists

Three hundred and twelve (312) local fungal isolates were isolated from sixty four (64) different contaminated soil samples with oil wastes at different periods, using potato dextrose agar (PDA).the fungal isolates were tested for its ability to degrade naphthalene .Primary and secondary screening were done using solid (MSM) and liquid (MSM) with 100ppm naphthalene and pH 7 respectively. Results from Primary screening showed that 25 isolates gave good growth, 47 gave moderate growth, 66 gave weak growth and 174 were never growing. According to above results 25 fungal isolates were tested for its ability to degredade naphthalene using liquid mineral media (MSM) pH7,100ppm naphthalene and incubated at 30 0C 120rpm for 7 days. Reduction of

Diabetic Nephropathy(DN) is a complex disease manifested by persistence microalbuminuria   occurring due to the interaction between hemodynamic and metabolic pathway that activates the local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system resulting in a decline in renal functions.

This study aimed to quantify the associations between serum aldosterone concentration and fetuin- A as a marker of calcification in type 2 diabetic patients with and without microalbuminuria from one side, and study the possible relationship between aldosterone and fetuin-A with glycemic indices, serum electrolyte, renal function and microalbuminuria and body mass index from the other side.

A case-control study involved eighty-six adult subjects