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Emotion Recognition Based on Mining Sub-Graphs of Facial Components
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Facial emotion recognition finds many real applications in the daily life like human robot interaction, eLearning, healthcare, customer services etc. The task of facial emotion recognition is not easy due to the difficulty in determining the effective feature set that can recognize the emotion conveyed within the facial expression accurately. Graph mining techniques are exploited in this paper to solve facial emotion recognition problem. After determining positions of facial landmarks in face region, twelve different graphs are constructed using four facial components to serve as a source for sub-graphs mining stage using gSpan algorithm. In each group, the discriminative set of sub-graphs are selected and fed to Deep Belief Network (DBN) for classification purpose. The results obtained from the different groups are then fused using Naïve Bayes classifier to make the final decision regards the emotion class. Different tests were performed using Surrey Audio-Visual Expressed Emotion (SAVEE) database and the achieved results showed that the system gives the desired accuracy (100%) when fusion decisions of the facial groups. The achieved result outperforms state-of-the-art results on the same database.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Evidence-based Complementary And Alternative Medicine
Gelam Honey Inhibits the Production of Proinflammatory, Mediators NO,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>PGE</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mtext>2</mml:mtext></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>, TNF-<b><i>α</i></b>, and IL-6 in Carrageenan-Induced Acute Paw Edema in Rats
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Natural honey is well known for its therapeutic value and has been used in traditional medicine of different cultures throughout the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Malaysian Gelam honey in inflammation-induced rats. Paw edema was induced by a subplantar injection of 1% carrageenan into the rat right hind paw. Rats were treated with the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Indomethacin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) or Gelam honey at different doses (1 or 2 g/kg, p.o.). The increase in footpad thickness was considered to be edema, which was measured using a dial caliper. Plasma and paw tissue were collected to analyze the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE2

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