Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is the most significant antibiotic in the sulfonamide family. It was chosen as the representative of this category because of its widespread use. Starting with sulfamethoxazole, a new series of 2-Azetidinone (M1-M6) was synthesized, the structure of these new derivatives was confirmed using spectral methods, starting with the synthesis of Schiff’s bases by reflux of different aromatic benzaldehydes, separately, with Sulfamethoxazole in ethanol with few drops of acetic acid. The final compounds were obtained by ketene-imine synthesis of β-lactam using chloroacetyl chloride. The designed chemicals’ synthesis has been completed successfully. Physical parameters (melting points and Rf values), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy were used to establish the purity and characterization of these derivatives. When compared to standard antibiotics (Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin, and Fluconazole), the preliminary antimicrobial activity tests on four different bacteria strains and one type of fungus demonstrated that the final compounds (M1-M6) have significant activity. Finally, the new derivatives (M3 and M5) are the most potent than the other ones and more active than the standard drugs.
The study aimed to identify the psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the educational counselors, and to identify the relationship of statistical significance between the psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the educational counselors, and to identify the differences of statistical significance in the relationship between psychological counseling skills and the strength of the ego in the guides according to the gender variable(male, Females), the number of sample (100) guides, including (50) males and (50) females from the area of Atifiya and Qadissiya and Ameriya in the Directorate of Education Karkh / 1, the researcher adopted a scale of psychological counseling skills prepared b
... Show MoreA total of 54 out of 67 (80.59%) of burn wound swab showed growth of one, or two, or three bacterial pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest pathogen, isolated in 48.14% of swab samples, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.48%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.77%), Acinetobacter baumanii (14.81%), Escherichia coli (7.40%), and Citrobacter freundii, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, with 1.85% isolation percentage for each. All bacterial isolates were tested against 19 antibiotics, and showed multi-drug resistance to 10 antibiotics, or more. The most effective antibiotics were the fifth-generation cephalosporin, ceftobiprole, and and antibiotic combinations, as Ceftazidime / clavulanic acid, and Cefoperazone /sulbactam, an
... Show Moreknowledge management and managers have a primary school principals from the standpoint of their assistants M . Dr. Suad Vegetables Abbas Research problem: The administration school require a leader administratively The efficiency and skills of management and knowledge to make it effective in the administration follows the scientific method and knowledge of those who through administrative methods emanating from the trends of modern management in the management of educational , as well as the presence of the leaders of effective management has the knowledge and know-how administrative work and how to deal with others and investment optimized for all of the resources available through the future capable of Orientalism to the extent that ou
... Show MoreThe Agricultural Policy is one of the most important tools adopted by the state to guide its economic and social activities through the delivery of suitable agricultural commodities to the consumer and in return to deliver agricultural inputs to the agricultural producers at the lowest possible cost to contribute in achieving a profit that helps the agricultural product to continue in the production process with the same efficiency and ambition. So as to help increase the contribution of the agricultural sector to GDP and achieve the best picture of sustainable agricultural development.
The research aimed at identifying the reality of agricultural policies and their role in achieving sustaina
... Show MoreThis work presents an investigation on the fabrication and characterization of Fe doped zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) of 1:1 M ratio of Zn:Fe (Fe/Zn-ZIF-8) and adsorption performances of acquired materials. The synthesized Zn-ZIF-8, Fe-ZIF-8, and Fe/Zn-ZIF-8 materials were characterized for the phase structure, morphology, elemental analysis and surface area by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and BET surface area, respectively. The results revealed the adsorption capacity was enhanced by incorporation of Fe into ZIF-8 structure. The CR dye adsorption capacities were 287, 219, and 412 mg/g for Zn-ZIF-8, Fe-ZIF-8, and Fe/Zn-ZIF-8 adsorbers, respectivel
... Show MoreThe present study investigates deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as potential media for enzymatic hydrolysis. A series of ternary ammonium and phosphonium-based DESs were prepared at different molar ratios by mixing with aqueous glycerol (85%). The physicochemical properties including surface tension, conductivity, density, and viscosity were measured at a temperature range of 298.15 K – 363.15 K. The eutectic points were highly influenced by the variation of temperature. The eutectic point of the choline chloride: glycerol: water (ratio of 1: 2.55: 2.28) and methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide:glycerol:water (ratio of 1: 4.25: 3.75) is 213.4 K and 255.8 K, respectively. The stability of the lipase enzyme isolated from porcine pancreas (PPL) a
... Show MoreSeveral recent approaches focused on the developing of traditional systems to measure the costs to meet the new environmental requirements, including Attributes Based Costing (ABCII). It is method of accounting is based on measuring the costs according to the Attributes that the product is designed on this basis and according to achievement levels of all the Attribute of the product attributes. This research provides the knowledge foundations of this approach and its role in the market-oriented compared to the Activity based costing as shown in steps to be followed to apply for this Approach. The research problem in the attempt to reach the most accurate Approach in the measurement of the cost of products from th
... Show More: Clobetasol propionate (CP) is a potent corticosteroid used for skin conditions but often causes side effects due its systemic absorption. To improve its solubility and reduce it side effects (like skin irritation, skin atrophy, hypopigmentation and steroidal acne), Microsponge (Msg) has been employed as a unique three-dimensional particle that can encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. This study aims to develop and evaluate CP Msg-loaded hydrogels. Two Clobetasol-loaded ethylcellulose-based Msg formulas were prepared using the quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method, then they were incorporated into Carbopol hydrogel. Two ratios of Carbopol 940 (1% and 1.5% w/w) were used. The prepared hydrogel were assessed for appearance, pH, dr
... Show MoreBackground: Hypothyroidism is the most prevalent thyroid disorders worldwide. Hypothyroidism manifestations are wide spectrum, affecting various systems in human body including the nervous system. Hypothyroidism can cause neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression and diminishing in attention, memory and executive function. Aim: to investigate the level of anxiety and depression in patients with hypothyroidism receiving levothyroxine treatment. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted at Baghdad Center for Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Therapy from March to June 2022. The study population included patients of both genders, aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with hypothyroidism, were receiving levothyroxine treatment and
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