In this paper, Response Surface Method (RSM) is utilized to carry out an investigation of the impact of input parameters: electrode type (E.T.) [Gr, Cu and CuW], pulse duration of current (I_p), pulse duration on time (T_on), and pulse duration off time (T_off) on the surface finish in EDM operation. To approximate and concentrate the suggested second- order regression model is generally accepted for Surface Roughness Ra, a Central Composite Design (CCD) is utilized for evaluating the model constant coefficients of the input parameters on Surface Roughness (Ra). Examinations were performed on AISI D2 tool steel. The important coefficients are gotten by achieving successfully an Analysis of V

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by tissue reactions, which consist of an inflammatoryresponse in periodontal ligament and followed by bone remodeling in the periodontium depending on the forces applied. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva.The purpose of thi study was to evaluate the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in saliva during orthodontic tooth movement using different magnitude of continuous orthodontic forces.
Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (12 males and 18 females) aged 17-23 years with class II division I malocclusion all requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions were randomly divided into three groups according t

 Serum alkaline phosphatase activity has been investigated in three major types of tuberculosis (TB). These were Extra pulmonary primary, Acute miliary, and Primary tuberculosis. Activities were found elevated in these cases studied at basic PH and 37 C. The study concentrated an a comprehensive determination of the rate reaction kinetics of the enzyme reaction in both normal and TB sera. The pseudo first — order plot reflects both values of the first — order association constant (K I) and the half life time (t1/2) of the enzymatic reaction. The activation energy of the reaction (ES-complex formation) with Hill coefficient (n) were both estimated using Arrhenius and Hill plots respectively.

In this work, porous silicon (PS) are fabricated using electrochemical etching (ECE) process for p-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers of (100) orientation. The structural, morphological and electrical properties of PS synthesized at etching current density of (10, 20, 30) mA/cm2 at constant etching time 10 min are studied. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, the value of FWHM is in general decreases with increasing current density for p-type porous silicon (p-PS). Atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that for p-PS the average pore diameter decreases at 20 mA. Porous silicon which formed on silicon will be a junction so I-V characteristics have been studied in the dark to calculate ideality factor (n), and saturation current (Is

In a hybrid cooling solar thermal systems , a solar collector is used to convert solar energy into heat energy in order to super heat the refrigerant leaving the compressor, and this process helps in the transformation of refrigerant state from gaseous state to the liquid state in upper two-thirds of the condenser instead of the lower two-thirds such as in the traditional air-conditioning systems and this will reduce the energy needed to run the process of cooling .In this research two systems with a capacity of 2 tons each were used, a hybrid air-conditioning system with an evacuated tubes solar collector and a traditional air-conditioning system . The refrigerant of each type was R22.The comparison was in the amou

Signal denoising is directly related to sample estimation of received signals, either by estimating the equation parameters for the target reflections or the surrounding noise and clutter accompanying the data of interest. Radar signals recorded using analogue or digital devices are not immune to noise. Random or white noise with no coherency is mainly produced in the form of random electrons, and caused by heat, environment, and stray circuitry loses. These factors influence the output signal voltage, thus creating detectable noise. Differential Evolution (DE) is an effectual, competent, and robust optimisation method used to solve different problems in the engineering and scientific domains, such as in signal processing. This paper looks

The objective of this paper is to define and introduce a new type of nano semi-open set which called nano -open set as a strong form of nano semi-open set which is related to nano closed sets in nano topological spaces. In this paper, we find all forms of the family of nano -open sets in term of upper and lower approximations of sets and we can easily find nano -open sets and they are a gate to more study.  Several types of nano open sets are known, so we study relationship between the nano -open sets with the other known types of nano open sets in nano topological spaces. The Operators such as nano -interior and nano -closure are the part of this paper.

Abstract

A sensitive, precise and reliable indirect spectrophotometric method for the determination of chlordiazepoxide (CDE) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms is described. The method is based on oxidative coupling reaction between amino group resulting from acidic decomposition of CDE with phenothiazine in the presence of sodium periodate to produce an intense green soluble dye that is stable and shows a maximum absorption at 602 nm. The calibration plot indicates that Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration range of 0.1?50 µg/mL, with a molar absorptivity of 1×10⁴ L/mol cm and correlation coefficient of 0.9994.All the conditions that affecting on the stability and sensitivity of the fo

In this study, nano TiO2 was prepared with titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) as a resource to titanium oxide. The catalyst was synthesized using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (STAB) was used as the structure-directing material. Characterization of the product was done by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, were used to characterize the calcined TiO2 nanoparticles by STAB and PWA. The TiO2 nanomaterials were prepared in three crystalline forms (amorphous, anatase, anatase-rutile). The results showed that the nanoparticles of anatase TiO2 have good cata