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Numerical Investigation of Drag Reduction Techniques in a Car Model
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Abstract<p>Reducing the drag force has become one of the most important concerns in the automotive industry. This study concentrated on reducing drag through use of some external modifications of passive flow control, such as vortex generators, rear under body diffuser slices and a rear wing spoiler. The study was performed at inlet velocity (V=10,20,30,40 m/s) which correspond to an incompressible car model length Reynolds numbers (Re=2.62×10<sup>5</sup>, 5.23×10<sup>5</sup>, 7.85×10<sup>5</sup> and 10.46×10<sup>5</sup>), respectively and we studied their effect on the drag force. We also present a theoretical study finite volume method (FVM) of solving Reynolds-averaged Navier-tokes equations (RANS) using a realizable k–epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model, conducted on a car, model KIA Pride, which is popular in Iraq and Iran. All computational analysis and modifications were carried out using the ANSYS Fluent 19 computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and SOLIDWORKS 2018 modeller. The drag coefficient of the analysed car was found to be 0.34 and the results show that the drag can be reduced up to1.73% using vortex generators, up to 3.05% using a rear wing spoiler and up to 2.47% using rear under-body diffuser slices modifications, whereas it may be reduced up to 3.8% using all previous modifications together.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Behavior of Reinforced Gypseous Soil Embankment Model under Cyclic Loading
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The construction of embankment for roadway interchange system at urban area is restricted due to the large geometry requirements, since the value of land required for such construction is high, and the area available is limited as compared to rural area. One of the optimum solutions to such problem is the earth reinforcement technique which requires a limited area for embankment construction. Gypseous soil from Al-Anbar governorate area was obtained and subjected to various physical and chemical analysis to determine it is properties. A laboratory model box of 50x50x25 cm was used as a representative embankment; soil has been compacted in five layers at maximum dry density (modified compaction) and an aluminum reinforcement strips we

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Construction of Comprehensive Geological Model for an Iraqi Oil Reservoir
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The paper generates a geological model of a giant Middle East oil reservoir, the model constructed based on the field data of 161 wells. The main aim of the paper was to recognize the value of the reservoir to investigate the feasibility of working on the reservoir modeling prior to the final decision of the investment for further development of this oilfield. Well log, deviation survey, 2D/3D interpreted seismic structural maps, facies, and core test were utilized to construct the developed geological model based on comprehensive interpretation and correlation processes using the PETREL platform. The geological model mainly aims to estimate stock-tank oil initially in place of the reservoir. In addition, three scenarios were applie

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Computers In Biology And Medicine
Model based smooth super-twisting control of cancer chemotherapy treatment
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Chemotherapy is one of the most efficient methods for treating cancer patients. Chemotherapy aims to eliminate cancer cells as thoroughly as possible. Delivering medications to patients’ bodies through various methods, either oral or intravenous is part of the chemotherapy process. Different cell-kill hypotheses take into account the interactions of the expansion of the tumor volume, external drugs, and the rate of their eradication. For the control of drug usage and tumor volume, a model based smooth super-twisting control (MBSSTC) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, three nonlinear cell-kill mathematical models are considered in this work, including the log-kill, Norton-Simon, and hypotheses subject to parametric uncertainties and exo

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2015
Journal Name
Int. J. Adv. Appl. Math. Andmech.
The effect of external source of disease on the epidemic model
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Publication Date
Fri May 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Geological Model of the Tight Reservoir (Sadi Reservoir-Southern of Iraq)
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A3D geological model was constructed for Al-Sadi reservoir/ Halfaya Oil Field which is discovered in 1976 and located 35 km from Amara city, southern of Iraq towards the Iraqi/ Iranian borders.

Petrel 2014 was used to build the geological model. This model was created depending on the available information about the reservoir under study such as 2D seismic map, top and bottom of wells, geological data & well log analysis (CPI). However, the reservoir was sub-divided into 132x117x80 grid cells in the X, Y&Z directions respectively, in order to well represent the entire Al-Sadi reservoir.

Well log interpretation (CPI) and core data for the existing 6 wells were the basis of the petrophysical model (

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Numerical Technique Based on Shifted Jacobi-Gauss-Lobatto Polynomials for Solving Two Dimensional Multi-Space Fractional Bioheat Equations
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This article deals with the approximate algorithm for two dimensional multi-space fractional bioheat equations (M-SFBHE). The application of the collection method will be expanding for presenting a numerical technique for solving M-SFBHE based on “shifted Jacobi-Gauss-Labatto polynomials” (SJ-GL-Ps) in the matrix form. The Caputo formula has been utilized to approximate the fractional derivative and to demonstrate its usefulness and accuracy, the proposed methodology was applied in two examples. The numerical results revealed that the used approach is very effective and gives high accuracy and good convergence.

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 18 2026
Journal Name
Nasaq
The effectiveness of educational-learning design according to the model of brain compatibility in collection among middle first- grade students in Mathematics
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The research aimed to identify "the effectiveness of educational-learning design according to the model of brain compatibility in achievement among firstmiddle grade students in mathematics", in schools affiliated with the Second Karkh Directorate of Education. To achieve the goal of research, the following zero hypothesis has been formulated: " There is no statistically significant difference at the semantic level (05.0) between the average scores of experimental group students who will study with design accreditation (educational - learning) according to the brain compatibility model and the grades of control group students who will study in the usual way in the achievement thinking test". The research community, which is represented by

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Contemporary experimental currents and its impact on the structure of the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text "The epic theater as a model": هيثم حمزة سلمان الحمداني
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  In this research study, I tried to trace the epic effect to learn how it was understood and how it was used. Following the descriptive and analytical approach in the research, the first chapter dealt with a presentation of the methodological framework of the problem, the goal, the limits of the research, the importance and the need for it and the definition of terms, as well as the theoretical framework which consisted of two topics, including the impact of the epic theater on the world theater and the second the effect of the epic theater on the Arab theater, This came by tracing the epic impact on the world stage of the Greeks, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Arab theater of the twentieth century.
As for the second

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2012
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Mathematics
Numerical solution of the two-dimensional Helmholtz equation with variable coefficients by the radial integration boundary integral and integro-differential equation methods
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Experimental Investigation of Pomegranate Peel and Grape Seed Powder Additives on the Rheological and Filtration Properties of Un-Weighted WBM
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   The chemical additives used to enhance the properties of drilling mud cause damage to humans and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for alternative additives to add them to the drilling mud. Thus, this study investigates the effects of pomegranate peel and grape seed powders as natural waste when added to un-weighted water-based mud. The test includes measurements of the rheological properties and filtration, as well as the alkanity and density of the drilling mud. The results showed a decrease in PH values ​​with an increase in the concentrations of pomegranate peel or grapeseed, and a decrease in mud density with an increase in powders of pomegranate peel and grape seed concentrations that resulted f

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