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The reliability of using light therapy compared with LASER in pain reduction of temporomandibular disorders: a randomized controlled trial
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Abstract<sec> <title>Background

Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) refer to a group of symptoms where pain is the most leading cause to demand a treatment by the patient. Light therapies are of great importance at current times due to its biosafety and non-invasive quality when used for the management of TMD symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of red LED light with low-level LASER in treating TMD patients.

Materials and methods

A double-blind randomized clinical study was conducted and included 60 patients along 3 groups (20 for each group) presented with myofascial pain related to TMD. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A were managed by applying the LED light device into the trigger points without switching the device on. A red LED light was given to group B for 5 min at the tender muscles. Group C were treated by using low-level LASER therapy for 30 s. Patients were evaluated for any improvements regarding the pain score, presence of trigger points, and trismus along 4 visits (1 week interval between each visit). Any side effects related to the 2 devices were also assessed.

Results

Both group B and C patients showed a statistically significant improvement in the pain value (P < 0.05) at the 3rd and 4th visits when compared to group A. Regarding tenderness, there was a reduction in the number of trigger points in both study groups; however, the results were insignificant in group B. Statistics showed insignificant differences between group B & C patients regarding pain and number of trigger points at all visits (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Both LED light and LASER therapies could effectively relieve pain associated with myogenic TMD as there were no important differences between their outcomes. However, the biosafety and lower cost of the LED light device compared to the LASER should also be considered.

Trial Registration This clinical trial was prospectively registered (TCTR ID: TCTR20190507002) on 07/05/2019. URL: http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20190507002

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Audit of accounting disclosure for potential liabilities and contingent obligations In light of the Corona pandemic and its reflection on the auditor's opinion: . Applied research in the National Insurance Company
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                 Accounting disclosure is the main means and effective tool for communicating business results to users in support of their decisions, especially those with thought and specialization from academics and professionals in the field of accounting and auditing about the importance of accounting disclosure and transparency in financial reports.

Contingent liabilities represent commitments based on the occurrence of one or more events in the future to confirm the value due, the party entitled to it, the maturity date, or to confirm the existence of the obligation itself, and therefore they should not be recognized as a contingent liability i

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Mathematics
The Dynamics of a Delayed Ecoepidemiological Model with Nonlinear Incidence Rate
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In this paper, the general framework for calculating the stability of equilibria, Hopf bifurcation of a delayed prey-predator system with an SI type of disease in the prey population, is investigated. The impact of the incubation period delay on disease transmission utilizing a nonlinear incidence rate was taken into account. For the purpose of explaining the predation process, a modified Holling type II functional response was used. First, the existence, uniform boundedness, and positivity of the solutions of the considered model system, along with the behavior of equilibria and the existence of Hopf bifurcation, are studied. The critical values of the delay parameter for which stability switches and the nature of the Hopf bifurcat

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Research In Social Sciences &amp; Humanities
HRM Management Approaches, With a Focus on Employee Centric Approach: A Case Study In The Rafidain Bank In Iraq
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This research attempts to shed light on a topic that is considered one of the most important topics of HRMs management, which is the Employee centric approach by examining its philosophy and understanding . To achieve the goal, the research relied on the philosophical analytical method, which is one of the approaches used in theoretical studies. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are the theoretical studies that addressed this entry in the English language and the lack of it in the Arabic language, according to the researcher's knowledge. The research reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which was that this approach needs more research, analysis and study at the practical and th

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 05 2022
Journal Name
F1000research
Enhancement of surface properties of polyetheretherketone implant material by fractional laser texturing
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Background: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a promising implant material due to its superior biomechanical strength. However, due to its hydrophobic nature and lack of cellular adhesion properties, it has poor integration with bone tissue. Methods: A fractional CO2 laser was used with various parameters for surface texturing of PEEK substrate to enhance its surface properties. An optical microscope and field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were used to examine the surface morphology of untextured and laser-textured samples. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was performed to determine the effect of the laser on the microstructure of PEEK. Surface microroughness, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and wettability were invest

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 28 2020
Journal Name
The Iraqi Journal Of Science
Removal of Aniline Blue from Textile Wastewater using Electrocoagulation with the Application of the Response Surface Approach
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This paper investigated the treatment of textile wastewater polluted with aniline blue (AB) by electrocoagulation process using stainless steel mesh electrodes with a horizontal arrangement. The experimental design involved the application of the response surface methodology (RSM) to find the mathematical model, by adjusting the current density (4-20 mA/cm2), distance between electrodes (0.5-3 cm), salt concentration (50-600 mg/l), initial dye concentration (50-250 mg/l), pH value (2-12 ) and experimental time (5-20 min). The results showed that time is the most important parameter affecting the performance of the electrocoagulation system. Maximum removal efficiency (96 %) was obtained at a current density of 20 mA/cm2, distance be

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 17 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A Study of the electronic structure of CdS Nanocrystals using density functional theory
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Density Functional Theory at the generalized-gradient approximation level coupled with large unit cell method is used to simulate the electronic structure of (II-VI) zinc-blende cadmium sulfide nanocrystals that have dimensions 2-2.5 nm. The calculated properties include lattice constant, conduction and valence bands width, energy of the highest occupied orbital, energy of the lowest unoccupied orbital, energy gap, density of states etc. Results show that lattice constant and energy gap converge to definite values. However, highest occupied orbital, lowest unoccupied orbital fluctuates indefinitely depending on the shape of the nanocrystal.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicine And Life
Evaluating the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in comparison with dexamethasone and diclofenac in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 29 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Design And Implementation of Microcontroller Based Curing Light Control of Dental System.
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In this paper, a microcontroller-based electronic circuit have been designed and implemented for dental curing system using 8-bit MCS-51 microcontroller. Also a new control card is designed while considering advantages of microcontroller systems the time of curing was controlled automatically by preset values which were input from a push-button switch. An ignition based on PWM technique was used to reduce the high starting current needed for the halogen lamp. This paper and through the test result will show a good performance of the proposed system.

 

 

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Cadmium Removal Using Bio-Electrochemical Reactor with Packed Bed Rotating Cylindrical Cathode: A Kinetics Study
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   The kinetics of removing cadmium from aqueous solutions was studied using a bio-electrochemical reactor with a packed bed rotating cylindrical cathode. The effect of applied voltage, initial concentration of cadmium, cathode rotation speed, and pH on the reaction rate constant (k) was studied. The results showed that the cathodic deposition occurred under the control of mass transfer for all applied voltage values ​​used in this research. Accordingly, the relationship between logarithmic concentration gradient with time can be represented by a first-order kinetic rate equation. It was found that the rate constant (k) depends on the applied voltage, the initial cadmium concentration, the pH and the rotational speed of cathode. It

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 17 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A New Logic of Victory in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games With Reference to Elements of Intertextuality in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies
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Suzanne Collins’ novel  The Hunger Games suggests a new logic of victory and set a distinguished focus on the unique personality of her heroin which brings to the mind the permanent correlation between all moral values. The Hunger Games World seems to be much more like one big bowl as it links the past, present, and the future. An Intertextual reference is interwoven in the present research as it brings Golding’s Lord of the Flies to the surface, and it highlights certain similarities between the two texts. In which Ralph, Piggy and Simon in Golding’s Lord of the Flies are the incarnations of stable moral values and hope of surviving ethics and rules in a chaotic and turmoil world. The event

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