Among Persian poets and literary works, Ferdowsi and Shahnameh have a distinctive and prominent place. Since the 5^th  C. AH , they took the interest of all Persian language and literature scholars and were one of the first books to be translated into different languages including Arabic by Al Fatih Bin Ali Bin Mohammed Al-Bandari in  the year of (620)AH  .Because it was completed in the early 7^th C. AH and in terms of antiquity, there is no older copy than  of Al-Bandari’s version  which holds great value in the analysis of  Shahnameh other different copies.

      To find out the how far analogy goes, the present paper makes a general comparisons of  Bijan and Manijeh in Shahnameh Fer

In our research, we dealt with one of the most important issues of linguistic studies of the Holy Qur’an, which is the words that are close in meaning, which some believe are synonyms, but in the Arabic language they are not considered synonyms because there are subtle differences between them. Synonyms in the Arabic language are very few, rather rare, and in the Holy Qur’an they are completely non-existent. And how were these words, close in meaning, translated in the translation of the Holy Qur’an by Almir Kuliev into the Russian language.

Two groups of chronic hepatitis B and C virus patients were divided into Pre-treated patients (25 CHB patients with positive HBs Ag for more than 6 months and 40 CHC patients), and post-treated patients [12 CHB patients (4, 6, and 2 were treated with lamivudine, IFN-? and combination of LMV + IFN-? respectively), and 27 patients for CHC (3, 13 and 11 patients were treated with Ribavirin, IFN-? and combination therapy (RBV+ IFN-?) respectively].These patients were followed up for 6 months. By using ELISA technique, levels of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-? and TNF-? were measured in vivo and in vitro (supernatant of PBMCs stimulated with PHA) and compared with healthy control. The mean level of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-? in CHB patients showed significant dif

Over the course of two centuries, Portugal emerged as one of the most powerful European empires, with colonies stretching from Asia and Africa to Brazil. A significant factor in this expansion was the role of winds, which carried one of Cabral’s ships westward, landing unexpectedly on unknown shores—the Brazilian coasts. These territories later became some of Portugal’s richest and most important colonies. Therefore, the study begins in the 16th century and concludes at the end of the 17th century. The study was divided into four sections. The first section addressed Portugal's discovery 0022 of Brazil and its naming before it gained economic importance. The second section discussed the Portuguese occupation of Brazil in 1530 and its

This study aimed to clarify the importance of ecological taxation in achieving sustainable development, by analyzing a set of economic measures such as taxes, taxes levied by the legislation in the field of ecology, to fight against pollution.       And we tried to evaluate this initiative in Algeria. The results of the study showed that economic measures of ecological taxation contribute to achieving sustainable development, and Although Algeria has adopted a series of ecological tax mechanisms, it is far from keeping pace with developments in this area. 

Abstract: This research aims to investigate and analyze the most pressing issues facing the Iraqi economy, namely economic stability and inclusive growth Consequently, the present study investigates the effect of inflation and unemployment, which are significant contributors to economic instability, on inclusive growth dimensions such as GDP, education, health, governance, poverty, income inequality, and environmental performance. From 1991 to 2021, secondary data were collected using World Bank Indicators (WDI) and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) databases. The researchers also employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to determine the relationship between variables. The study revealed that fluct

Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the Distress Tolerance among the Employees in  Media and Communication in Baghdad.and to identify the significance of the differences between sex ,scientific specialization ,age,and marital status. and the researcher used the Distrees  Tolerance measure for Simon &Gahar 2005.  The sample of the study consisted of(37)Employees.The Scale of Distrees Tolerance were used as the study tools after being checked for their Validity and Reliability. The research results indicated that employees have high scores on the scale of stress tolerance and that there are statistically significant differences between the age groups and between married and unmarried people a

In this paper, an attempt was made to measure and interpret the impact of several variables on global maritime transport, including: OECD industrial productions, high growth rates of some developing countries, and growth in world GDP. These variables contribute to higher rates of maritime transport revenues of 800 billion dollars annually; in the form of numerical sequences. The dry canal in Iraq was assumed to transfer 99 million tons of goods annually. This was made sure through the economic feasibility of the difference between maritime and land transport through railways. The effect of geographical and anthropological nature of Iraq on this project was studied too. Our findings indicated that the project will not drive growth

All the available reports on the issue of infertility confirmed the increase in this population problem worldwide. Although the accurate estimate of the number of infertile people is due to several reasons, including the discrepancy in the true definition of infertility (whether it extends for one, two or five years of failed pregnancy attempts), as well as the great discrepancy in the size of the selected population groups (large population sample size versus epidemiological studies) and defining the category that diagnosed included (individuals, women, or couples). The goal of today’s IVF program is to obtain high-quality embryos with high efficiency in development, which leads to an increase in live birth rates.