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Variable length error correcting code for image in OFDM and PAPR reduction
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Data <span>transmission in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system needs source and channel coding, the transmitted data suffers from the bad effect of large peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Source code and channel codes can be joined using different joined codes. Variable length error correcting code (VLEC) is one of these joined codes. VLEC is used in mat lab simulation for image transmission in OFDM system, different VLEC code length is used and compared to find that the PAPR decreased with increasing the code length. Several techniques are used and compared for PAPR reduction. The PAPR of OFDM signal is measured for image coding with VLEC and compared with image coded by Huffman source coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hochquenghem (BCH) channel coding, the VLEC code decreases the data transmitted size and keep the same level of PAPR reduction with respect to data coded by Huffman and BCH code when using PAPR reduction methods.</span>

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Characteristics and pattern of organizational structure for general inspectors offices :Testing Research
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Concentrated research topic in addressing variable vital to the work of offices of inspectors general, construction and scale effectiveness and efficiency is the organizational structure, which are important as is obvious to any researcher in the management and organization and this variable would affect the exercise task supervision and inspection of financial and administrative corruption and combat efficiently, Thus this effect will be placed in the fold ability to achieve goals. That the creation of the organizational structure and requirements to achieve harmony between its properties is creating step towards success. This research aims to analyze the characteristics and style o

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Linear and Non-Linear Optical Properties for Organic Semiconductor (CuPc) Thin Films
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Thin films of CuPc of various thicknesses (150,300 and 450) nm have been deposited using pulsed laser deposition technique at room temperature. The study showed that the spectra of the optical absorption of the thin films of the CuPc  are two bands of absorption one in the visible region at about 635 nm, referred to as Q-band, and the second in ultra-violet region where B-band is located at 330 nm. CuPc thin films were found to have direct band gap with values around (1.81 and 3.14 (eV respectively. The vibrational studies were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Finally, From open and closed aperture Z-scan data non-linear absorption coefficient and non-linear refractive index have been calculated res

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 20 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Design and Implementation of ICT-Based Recycle-Rewarding System for Green Environment
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 21 2021
Journal Name
Jmerd
stress and strain analysis for the prosthetic hand design actuated by links
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Prosthetic hands are compensatory devices for the hand amputees as a result of injury, various accidents or birth deformities, types of prosthetic hand vary depending on the mechanism they operate and how they perform. There are common types in use that are characterized by their complex mechanisms, which are difficult for the amputee to use or exclude use because of their high cost, therefore the aim of this research is to design an artificial hand that is suitable in terms of simplicity of use and low cost and similar to a natural hand with regard to dimensions and shape that operated in the mechanism of links. This research involves Stress and strain analysis of the prosthetic hand and its fingers that modelled from (Petg CR)

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 20 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Special Endurance And its Relationship With 10 Km Walking Achievement for Youth
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Psychological Burnout for Teachers of Kindergarten Public and Private (A Contrastive Study)
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The psychological burnout is considered one of dangerous phenomenon’s which appeared in the 70s of the 20th century and suffered by most of the society classes. It is a term which the wide uses and various meaning like emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion and chronic weak exhaustion. The presented research aims t identify the psychological burnout as for the Kindergarten teacher and the differences significance according to the variations (Kindergarten type: private or govern mental). The research sample contains 400 female teachers divided to 170 governmental Kindergarten teachers and 230 private Kindergarten teachers. The researcher prepared a measurement method to measure the psychological burnout for those teachers after

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 26 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Determination of Welding Velocity and Arc Energy for Fusion MAG Welding Joint
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 Abstract

This paper is an experimental work to determinate the effect of welding velocity and formed arc energy for CO2-MAG fusion weld pool. The input parameters (arc voltage, wire feed speed and gas flow rate) were investigated to find their effects on the weld joint efficiency. Design of experiment with response surface methodology technique was used to build empirical mathematical models for welding velocity and arc energy in term of the input welding parameters. The predicted quadratic models were statistically checked for adequacy purpose by ANOVA analysis. Additionally, numerical optimization was conducted to obtain the optimum values for welding velocity and arc energy. A good agree

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Publication Date
Mon May 04 2020
Journal Name
Offshore Technology Conference
Hydrate Equilibrium Model for Gas Mixtures Containing Methane, Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide
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Abstract<p>Gas hydrate formation is considered one of the major problems facing the oil and gas industry as it poses a significant threat to the production, transportation and processing of natural gas. These solid structures can nucleate and agglomerate gradually so that a large cluster of hydrate is formed, which can clog flow lines, chokes, valves, and other production facilities. Thus, an accurate predictive model is necessary for designing natural gas production systems at safe operating conditions and mitigating the issues induced by the formation of hydrates. In this context, a thermodynamic model for gas hydrate equilibrium conditions and cage occupancies of N2 + CH4 and N2 + CO4 gas mix</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Ieee Access
IFFT-Based Microwave Non-Destructive Testing for Delamination Detection and Thickness Estimation
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Ultra-broadband Thin Metamaterial Absorber for Ku and K Bands Applications
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In this paper, a design of the broadband thin metamaterial absorber (MMA) is presented. Compared with the previously reported metamaterial absorbers, the proposed structure provides a wide bandwidth with a compatible overall size. The designed absorber consists of a combination of octagon disk and split octagon resonator to provide a wide bandwidth over the Ku and K bands' frequency range. Cheap FR-4 material is chosen to be a substate of the proposed absorber with 1.6 thicknesses and 6.5×6.5 overall unit cell size. CST Studio Suite was used for the simulation of the proposed absorber. The proposed absorber provides a wide absorption bandwidth of 14.4 GHz over a frequency range of 12.8-27.5 GHz with more than %90 absorp

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