Bilosomes are nanocarriers that contain bile salts in their vesicular bilayer, thereby enhancing their flexibility and durability in the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike conventional vesicular systems they provide distinct advantages such as streamlined manufacturing procedures, cost efficiency, and improved stability. The main objective of this study was to attain a comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters of nisoldipine (NSD) after administering an ordinary NSD suspension and an NSD-loaded bilosome suspension. The study used 60 Swiss albino rats weighing 200±15 g and divided into two groups (n=30 each). A dose of 2.2 mg/kg of NSD was administered from the ordinary NSD suspension to the rats of the first group and the same dose of NSD-loaded bilosome suspension was administered to the rats of the second group. NSD levels were determined in the rat plasma by using high-performance liquid chromatography. Our results showed that the Cmax, the Tmax, and the AUC0-36 were 51.47±0.94 ng/mL, 2±0.3 h, and 323.33±21 ng×h/mL for the pure suspension, and 116.41±1.22 ng/mL, 4±0.7 h, and 916±64.09 ng×h/mL for the bilosome suspension, respectively. The maximum concentration was significantly different between the pure and the bilosomal preparation (P<0.05), while the relative bioavailability of the pure suspension was 2.9 times that of the bilosomal suspension, 36 h after a single-dose NSD administration. In conclusion, the prepared bilosomal suspension enhanced the bioavaila¬bility of NSD, and could be considered as a vital delivery system.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Trivial number of books, concerning traditional medicine, had mentioned a galactagogual role of Garden cress seeds. Others ignore that. This controversy, in addition to the steroid (family of sex hormones) contents of the seeds, directed us to evaluate the role of this herb in mammogenesis and lactogenesis. METHODS: Twelve parameters were used to assess the effect of Garden cress seeds on the mammary gland of young adult virgin rats. These parameters comprise gross assessment, histological examination (routine/ haematoxylin and eosin stain and special stain/ PAS), enzymatic histochemical study (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and lipoprotein lipase cytochemical localization), biochemical estimations (hor
... Show MoreThe purpose of this paper is to develop a hybrid conceptual model for building information modelling (BIM) adoption in facilities management (FM) through the integration of the technology task fit (TTF) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) theories. The study also aims to identify the influence factors of BIM adoption and usage in FM and identify gaps in the existing literature and to provide a holistic picture of recent research in technology acceptance and adoption in the construction industry and FM sector.
Reading is one of the essential components of the English language. Countries that use English as a second language (ESL) sometimes have difficulties in reading and comprehension. According to many researches, mother tongue has proved some interferences with learning a second language. This study investigated the results of reading difficulties of young second language learners in terms of accuracy, comprehension, and rate using the Neale Analysis of Reading Ability test. The study was carried out in one of the High Schools for Boys in Hyderabad, India and included Grade five, aged 10-12 years. In order to understand the reading difficulties of English as a second language, a qualitative approach was employed. Interview, reading tes
... Show MoreThis work aims to study the exploding copper wire plasma parameters by optical emission spectroscopy. The emission spectra of the copper plasma have been recorded and analyzed The plasma electron temperature (Te), was calculated by Boltzmann plot, and the electron density (ne) calculated by using Stark broadening method for different copper wire diameter (0.18, 0.24 and 0.3 mm) and current
of 75A in distilled water. The hydrogen (Hα line) 656.279 nm was used to calculate the electron density for different wire diameters by Stark broadening. It was found that the electron density ne decrease from 22.4×1016 cm-3 to 17×1016 cm-3 with increasing wire diameter from 0.18 mm to 0.3 mm while the electron temperatures increase from 0.741 to
Inelastic magnetic electron scattering M1 at Ex =10.23 MeV form factors in Ca-48 have been investigated. The fp shell model space with four orbits and eight neutrons have been considered and FPD6 has been selected between 32 model space effective interactions to generates the model space vectors for the M1 transition with excitation energy Ex =10.23 MeV and for constructing OBDM. Discarded space (core and higher configuration orbits) has been included through the first order perturbation theory to couple the partice-hole pair of excitation in the calculation of the total M1 form factor and regarding the realistic interaction M3Y as a core polarization interaction with six sets of fitting parameters. Finally the theoretical calculations h
... Show MoreThe aim of this study is to identify the effect of enabling the effectiveness of the work of the audit committees in private commercial banks and to identify the extent of awareness of the importance of empowerment in the work of these committees, especially as it is known that these committees, especially the inspection committees that go to private banks and from various sources including committees of the Central Bank of Iraq Committees of the Securities Commission and finally committees of the external audit offices, through an analysis of the determinants of empowerment in the performance of the most important work of the audit committees, namely: supervising the process of preparing reports, supervising the system of intern
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Electrical magnate was designed and constructed, the optimum Magnetic flux and the effect of time on the physical properties of the alkaline (magnetic water) produced from the bottled drinking water [the total dissolved solids (TDS) or the electrical conductivity, and pH] were studied, to simulate ZamZam water in Mekka Saudi Arabia. Also, the efficiency of magnetic field from this designed electrical magnate in decreasing the TDS of sea water (of 1500 ppm NaCl Content), to convert it to water suitable for irrigation (TDS<1000 ppm) was investigated in this work.The results show that the magnetic flux from our designed electrical magnate in the range of (0.013- 0.08) Tesla and 30 minut
... Show MoreDiabetic kidney disease is an illness of the glomerulus that interferes with the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), which is worked to enable kidney to selective purification of water and solutes in addition to limiting the movement of large macromolecules such as albumin. In the glomerular endothelium, mesangial cells, foot cells, and the brush border of the proximal tubules, ACE-2 is expressed and that the kidneys represent the highest-expressing region of this enzyme. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate ACE-2 level in this case compared to healthy condition. The study Conducted with 120 male and female ranging in age (30-65) years old. Ninety patients with type 2 diabetes subdivided into three groups on the basis of A
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