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Performance Evaluation of Two Date Palm Frond Cutting Saws
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Abstract<p>Traditional tree management is laborious and costly, thus this work aimed to study the performance of two different types of frond cutting saws (reciprocating saw and vibrating saw) and examine the two saws on five date palm varieties. Four parameters were examined, including cutting time for a single frond, the power needed for cutting a single frond, frond cutting productivity expressed as tree/h, and vibration conveyed to the worker’s hand. A field experiment was designed according to the nested randomized complete block design, including five date palm varieties as the main plot and the type of saw as a sub-plot. Means were compared using the least significant differences (LSD 0.05). Results indicated that Bream variety required the least time for frond cutting. The reciprocating saw exhibited efficiency in saving the time required for frond cutting, while the vibrating saw took significantly longer time needed for cutting a single frond. The highest number of fronds cut in one hour was recorded in Bream variety, again significantly higher than the number of other studied varieties. Moreover, the reciprocating saw achieved significantly higher productivity than the vibrating one, indicating that the productivity of the reciprocating saw is almost three times more than the vibrating saw. Maximum productivity was recorded in Bream variety, while the least was recorded in Tebarzal using the vibrating saw. Moreover, results indicate that the variety and the type of saw have a vital role in productivity since as the thickness of a frond increases, the cutting takes more time and ultimately reduces the number of date palms to be pruned per hour. Results also exhibited that vibrating saw reduced the consumed energy during frond cutting. Additionally, results revealed that the minimum power consumed by a vibrating saw was in Bream variety, while Tebarzal consumed the upmost energy when a reciprocating saw was used. Maximum vibration on X-axis was reported in Bream variety when a vibrating saw was used. Additionally, the reciprocating saw exhibited the highest vibration compared with the vibrating saw. Moreover, the reciprocating saw caused the lowest vibration in Tebarzal variety. Results indicated that the vibration imposed by both saws reached the maximum value in Bream variety. The vibrating saw resulted in the higher vibration toward Z axis, while the Reciprocating saw resulted in higher vibration toward X axis, which was more than eight times that recorded by the vibrating saw. Results indicate that vibration toward the Y axis increased significantly in Bream variety compared with others. Again, as in the situation with X and Z axis, the reciprocating saw exhibited the highest vibration compared to that resulted from using a vibrating saw which was more than three times the vibration caused by the vibrating saw.</p>
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Publication Date
Fri Mar 28 2008
Journal Name
Ama, Agricultural Mechanization In Asia, Africa & Latin America
The Effect of Two Type of Plows With Four Speeds on the Field Capacity and Bulk Density
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Publication Date
Fri Aug 30 2019
Journal Name
Environmental Engineering Research
Numerical modeling of two-dimensional simulation of groundwater protection from lead using different sorbents in permeable barriers
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This study is to investigate the possibility of using activated carbon prepared from Iraqi date-pits (ADP) which are produced from palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as low-cost reactive material in the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for treating lead (Pb<sup>+2</sup>) from the contaminated groundwater, and then compare the results experimentally with other common reactive materials such as commercial activated carbon (CAC), zeolite pellets (ZP). Factors influencing sorption such as contact time, initial pH of the solution, sorbent dosage, agitation speed, and initial lead concentration has been studied. Two isotherm models were used for the description of sorption data (Langmuir and Freundlich). The maximum lead sorp

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 02 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Impact of Maternal Risk Factors on Birth Weight of Newborn in Two Maternity Hospitals in Baghdad City
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Objectives: A cross sectional analytic study was carried out to identify the maternal risk factors which
contribute to occurrence of low birth weight, and to determine the statistical significant differences between low
birth weight and maternal risk factors.
Methodology: A purposive sample of (400) woman was selected from AL-Elwyia Maternity Teaching Hospital
and Fatima Al-Zaharia Maternity and Pediatric Teaching Hospital. Data was collected through the interview of
mothers. Questionnaire format was designed and consisted seven parts, demographic variables, and reproductive
variables , Reproductive health variables, complications during the current pregnancy, the mother newborn
variables nutritional status for the m

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 04 2017
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detection of zpx gene of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from Clinical samples for Iraqi children under Two Years
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The study included 200 samples were collected from children under two years included (50 samples from each of Cerebrospinal fluid, Blood, Stool and Urine) from, (Central Children Hospital and Children's Protections Educational Hospital) The Iraqi Ministry of Health, the Department of Health Baghdad .the period from the first of 2015 September to the first of December 2015, Were obtained isolates bacterial subjected to the cultural, microscopic and biochemical examination and diagnosed to the species by using vitek2 system .The results showed there were contamination in 6.5% of clinical samples. The diagnosed colonies which gave pink color on the MacConkey agar, golden yellow color on the Trypton Soy agar and green color on t

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Effect of MHD on a Longitudinal Flow of a Fractional Maxwell Fluid between Two Coaxial Cylinders
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      In this paper fractional Maxwell fluid equation has been solved. The solution is in the Mettag-Leffler form. For  the corresponding solutions for ordinary Maxwell fluid are obtained as limiting case of general solutions. Finally, the effects of different parameters on the velocity and shear stress profile are analyzed through plotting the velocity and shear stress profile.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
International Scientific Congress Of Pure, Applied And Technological Sciences (minar Congress)
Evaluation Of Electromagnetic Pollution Of Cellular Mobile Network
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Wireless communications are characterized by their fastest growth in history, as they used ever-evolving and renewed technologies, which have allowed them to spread widely. Every day, communication technology introduces a new invention with features that differ from its predecessor. Bell Laboratories first suggested mobile wireless communication services to the general population in the late 1940s. Still, it wasn't easy at that time to use on a large scale due to its high costs. This paper aims to describe the state of cellular mobile networks; by comparing the sources of electromagnetic pollution caused by these networks, measure the level of power density in some residential areas, and compare them with international standards adopted in

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Publication Date
Thu May 31 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Control And Automation
Power Flow Control of Iraqi International Super Grid with Two-Terminal HVDC Techniques Using PSS/E
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Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparing Bayes Estimators With others , for scale parameter and Reliability function of two parameters Frechet distribution
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparative sensitivity of two freshwater snail Melanopsis nodosa and Bulinus truncatus to 2, 4-D pesticide
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The molluscicidal effects of herbicide 2, 4-D were studied against tow species of freshwater snail Bulinus truncatus and Melanopsis nodosa by short term experiments. Calculated values of lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC100) were maid to two spices for different period of time 24hr, 48hr, 72hr and 96hr. The study had showed that the herbicide 2, 4-D was toxic against the tow species. The toxicity of the herbicide was low or unknown in low concentrations in the first period of exposure 24and 48hr to two spices but it increase gradually with increase period of exposure. The spice of B.truncatus was more tolerant than the M.nodosa. All the individual of M nodosa was death while in B.truncatus the complete death was not appear until finish the

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Genetic Algorithm Based PID Controller Design for a Precise Tracking of Two-Axis Piezoelectric Micropositioning Stage
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 In this paper, an intelligent tracking control system of both single- and double-axis Piezoelectric Micropositioner stage is designed using Genetic Algorithms (GAs) method for the optimal Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller tuning parameters. The (GA)-based PID control design approach is a methodology to tune a (PID) controller in an optimal control sense with respect to specified objective function. By using the (GA)-based PID control approach, the high-performance trajectory tracking responses of the Piezoelectric Micropositioner stage can be obtained. The (GA) code was built and the simulation results were obtained using MATLAB environment. The Piezoelectric Micropositioner simulation model with th

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