Microalgae have been used widely in bioremediation processes to degrade or adsorb toxic dyes. Here, we evaluated the decolorization efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris and Nostoc paludosum against two toxic dyes, crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG). Furthermore, the effect of CV and MG dyes on the metabolic profiling of the studied algae has been investigated. The data showed that C. vulgaris was most efficient in decolorization of CV and MG: the highest percentage of decolorization was 93.55% in case of MG, while CV decolorization percentage was 62.98%. N. paludosum decolorized MG dye by 77.6%, and the decolorization percentage of CV was 35.1%. Metabolic profiling of

Community participation is one of the basic pillars of the sustainable development process. It provides opportunities for different groups of society to contribute to the management, preparation and implementation of development plans commensurate with their needs and aspirations. In this context, the study presents a study of the concept of community participation and its importance in sustainable development, In terms of its conditions, requirements and principles, as well as its image, as well as addressing the most important challenges and obstacles facing the participation of citizens in development projects. The research also provides an analysis of a number of international and Arab experiences adopted In its polici

تعد الرماية واحدة من الألعاب التي يقاس مستوى الانجاز فيها بالأرقام إذ ارتفعت الأرقام المسجلة بالنسبة لسلاح المسدس الهوائي حتى وصلت عند بعض الأبطال العالميين إلى الانجاز النهائي ، وقد لجأ المدربون إلى مختلف الطرق التدريبية, وان ضعف الثبات والتركيز هما اللذان يقودان إلى هبوط مستوى الانجاز في الرماية ، ولتحقيق التركيز والثبات المطلوبين أثناء الرمي يجب التدريب على مطاولة حمل السلاح التي تعد من أصعب تدريبات الر

Background :Thalassemia is an autosomal
disease of the haemoglobin. Two types of
thalassemia are recognized: thalassemia major
and thalassemia intermedia.
The most serious cardiac complication in
thalassemia major is due to multiple blood
transfusions rather than the disease itself, which
is due to iron overload.
Cardiomyopathy is the most common cardiac
defect that occurs with iron overload. Pricarditis,
congestive heart failure and arrhythmias are due
to hemosidrosis and chronic aneamia.
Aim of the study: to demonstrate the prevalence
and types of electrocardiographic changes among
thalassemic patients with aged over ten years old.

Abstract Background: Augmentation cystoplasty is one of the surgical procedure for treatment of spastic neurogenic bladder that has a significant improvement in the cystometric parameters. Aim of study: The aim of this study is to describe cystometric findings pre and post augmentation cystoplasty in patients with spastic neurogenic bladder. Patients and methods: A prospective study including patients aged 6-18years with neurogenic bladder operated on for augmentation cystoplasty surgery with ilium segments due to a neurogenic bladder from the years 2020–2024. A urodynamic study was conducted before and 3 months after the surgical procedure. Non-probabilistic sample of consecutive cases. Descriptive statistics were presented using fre

This work deals with the study of the morphodynamics, history of development of landforms and the origin of the Ga’ara depression. The depression is a suboval erosional topographic feature extending in E-Wdirection and located about 50 km north of Rutba Town, at the Western Desert of Iraq. The area is characterized by fresh and clean surfaces, scarcity of vegetation, abundance of rills, intense drainage and immature soil. These clues indicate that the erosion in the study area is effective. Four types of erosion features are recognized in this area namely sheet, rill, badland and wind erosion. The extent of the wind erosion depends on its position in relation to the prevailing wind direction. Water, wind and gravity are the main agents of