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The comparison of several methods for calculating the degree of heritability and calculating the number of genes in maize (Zea mays L.). I. Agronomic traits
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Abstract<p>The objective of present study was to compare of several methods for estimating the degree of heritability and calculating the number of genes using generation mean analysis of maize (<italic>Zea mays</italic>L.). The experiment was conducted at the field of Field Crop Dept. College of Agric / Univ. of Baghdad, for many seasons, spring and fall seasons 2009, 2010, spring 2011 and fall 2013.Six diverse inbred lines were crossed to produce F1,F2,BC1 and BC2 for four superior crosses.Broad-sense and narrow sense heritability estimates based on variance of different generations. The results showed that the four formulas used to estimate the heritability were different in estimating the values of heritability of different traits, as well as the different crosses used in the study. The broad sense heritability was differed according to the components of the formulas used to estimate. The number of genes that controlled the trait differed according to the different method of estimation and according to the studied trait, and to the all crosses. The highest number of genes (for all formulas) for plant yield, ranging from 15.85 (cross 4) to 155.7 (cross 2), because the yield is complex quantitative trait of several components, so the number of genes they control are the sum of genes that control the components. The inbreeding depression differed according to the parents involved in the crosses, and according to the studied trait, the inbreeding depression ranged from -7 for number of branches/tassel of cross 1 and leaf area of cross 3 to 68 for grain yield of cross 2. We can conclude that the best formula to estimate heritability depends on experimental design and methods of breeding.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The difference The doctrines of the four jurists were built in Achieving the purposes of Tesper in Islam
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The difference The doctrines of the four jurists were built in Achieving the purposes of Tesper in Islam

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 31 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The most prominent philosophical and rhetorical concepts in the perspective of philosophers and theologians
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     This research aims to clarify and define the most important philosophical and rhetorical concepts to which many philosophical and rhetorical issues refer، since they have an effective role in the diversity and difference of intellectual schools، which are indispensable in proving major dogmatic issues، such as the concept of (existence، being، essence، and authenticity). Existence or Essence in contrast to the consideration of the other concept)، because it is one of the complex concepts and common words that carry different connotations among thinkers.

   And from (the rule of judging something is a branch of its perception)، the researchers began to define these concepts، as evidence of the sincerity of perce

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 28 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
The impact of compound exercises in the development of some of the skills of the players football halls
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 08 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Using Real-Time PCR to Investigate Some of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from ewe Mastitis cases in Nineveh province
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In this study, from a total of 856 mastitis cases in lactating ewes, only 34 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates showed various types of resistance to three types of antibiotics (Penicillin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline). St. agalactiae isolates were identified according to the standard methods, including a new suggested technique called specific Chromogenic agar. It was found that antibiotic bacterial resistance was clearly identified by using MIC-microplate assay (dilution method). Also, by real-time PCR technique, it was determined that there were three antibiotics genes resistance ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). The high percentage of isolate carried of a single gene which was the Tetracycline (20.59%) followed by percentage Penicillin was

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 04 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Nordhaus-Gaddum Type Relations on Open Support Independence Number of Some Path Related Graphs Under Addition and Multiplication
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In this paper, Nordhaus-Gaddum type relations on open support independence number of some derived graphs of path related graphs under addition and multiplication are studied.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Use ofBang marking in the management of the cost of food and beverages in the hotel: sector (Case study in a sample of hotels in Baghdad governorate)
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The competition in the hotel sector, globalization and the development of new information have forced the sector to continuously seek new techniques and arrangements to remain competitive through hotel industry companies, including Benchmarking and the application of this method in the hotel sector. The selection of the Rashid International Hotel by the Ministry of Tourism as a leading hotel or benchmark for comparison of other hotels in Iraq, and the selection of two hotels in Baghdad for comparison, namely (Ishtar International Hotel, Baghdad International Hotel) and the choice also by the Ministry of Tourism, N is to correct the course of practice to manage the cost and diagnosis of the weakness of the strengths and weaknesses in the

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Building a mathematical model for measuring and analyzing the general equilibrium in the Iraqi economy through the IS-lm-BP model
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In order to achieve overall balance in the economy to be achieved in different markets and at one time (market commodity, monetary and labor market and the balance of payments and public budget), did not provide yet a model from which to determine the overall balance in the economy and the difficulty of finding the inter-relationship between all these markets and put them applied in the form of allowing the identification of balance in all markets at once.

One of the best models that have dealt with this subject is a model
(LM-BP-IS), who teaches balance in the commodity market and money market and balance of payments and the importance of this issue This research tries to shed light on the reality

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
"Using Markov Switching Model to Investigate the Link between the Inflation and Uncertain Inflation in Iraq for the periods 1980-2010"
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In this paper we use the Markov Switching model to investigate the link between the level of Iraqi inflation and its uncertainty; forth period 1980-2010 we measure inflation uncertainty as the variance of unanticipated  inflation. The results ensure there are a negative effect of inflation level on inflation uncertainty and  all so there are a positive effect of inflation uncertainty on inflation level.                                                   &nbsp

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 17 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
The optical text in the cinema film Between the presence and absence Play for free mark: حسام الدين محمد عبد المنعم
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The light-based life in the universe, including the human derived concepts and meanings of the fear of darkness and evil, comfort and goodness of light, became constitute bilateral haunted man to this day in various concepts of life.Therefore reflect the light form artistic aesthetic in visual arts such arts Fine Photography and the other until the emergence of art cinema, as the use of lighting in cinema has produced high-energy in the composition of its values expressive and symbolic, where it became dark and light are the space visually moving the vehicles media kit for many within the work structure artwork. The research is divided into five chapters, the first chapter (the methodological framework) that included an introduction the

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Impact of applying the third of basel committee11 conventions(market disciplin) in the efficient of significance components for factors of banking capital risks
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We have focused the research problem through an assessment of the applicability of the third pillar of the decisions of the Basel Committee 11 (market discipline) or not and its impact on both the adequacy of bank capital, supervisory oversight and banking risks and the statement weaknesses commitment banking institutions and which in turn lead to the stability of the financial system as a whole.                         .
The research is important statement on the importance of big capital in the banking business and the attributes of a role in the absorption of losses suffered by the bank, which reflects the willin

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