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Effectiveness of Play-Based Nursing Interventions on Hand Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Quasi-Experimental Study
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Traditional nursing interventions for children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) often lack active engagement and show limited improvement in motor function. Play interventions involving manipulative activities may better support motor skill development. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of structured play-based nursing interventions on hand motor skills in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design with a control group was used. The study was conducted at the Paediatric Welfare Hospital in Baghdad from November 25, 2024, to February 13, 2025. A non-probability sample of 79 children was identified based on the study criteria; of these, 64 children met the eligibility criteria and agreed to participate. While all children continued routine care, only intervention groups received play-based therapy using clay, beads, and sand. The Box and Block Test (BBT) was used to assess hand function before and after the intervention. Data were analysed using SPSS (version 0.27) with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The intervention groups demonstrated significant improvements in hand function compared to the control group (ANOVA: F = 8.11, p = 0.001, η² = 0.29), reflecting a medium-to-large effect size. Analysis across time points showed that at post-test 1, the effect size was medium (η² = 0.17), whereas at post-test 2, it increased to medium-to-large (η² = 0.29). Post-hoc comparisons indicated that the clay intervention produced the largest gains in Box and Block Test scores (Cohen’s d = 0.65, medium effect), while sand therapy resulted in moderate improvements and bead therapy showed smaller gains. Overall, the percentage improvement in hand function ranged from 18% to 27% across intervention groups. Conclusion: Nursing interventions incorporating play activities are effective in improving hand function in children with cerebral palsy. These methods are child-friendly, supporting the development of motor skills and promoting greater independence. However, no follow-up assessments were conducted to evaluate the long-term sustainability of improvements. Future studies should include follow-up evaluations to confirm lasting benefits.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2006
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Community Medicine
The Effectiveness & Safety of Topical Podophyllin Therapy in Condylomata Acuminata in Iraqi Infants and Young Children
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KE Sharquie, MM Al-Waiz, AA Al-Nuaimy, IRAQI JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, 2006

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Publication Date
Wed May 29 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Use of temporary interventions to reclaim neglected urban spaces
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The research deals with one of the urban problems facing cities, namely the existence of neglected urban spaces that need to be activated , These spaces give a negative image of the city, is not conducive to life and social interactions or the city has a one distinctive urban experience, leading to a reduction peoples' confidence in revisiting of those areas, hinder the rest of the activities in that region . Because these spaces are of the basic components of the city and give it its identity through the elements and entities that constitute it  , The idea of research emerged in the reclaiming of these spaces within contemporary urban trends and the activation of  flexible  , short-term and inovation for that purpose with

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 29 2021
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Analysis and Evaluation of a Quasi-Passive Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Gait Rehabilitation
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Lower extremity exoskeletons can assist with performing particular functions such as gait assistance, and physical therapy support for subjects who have lost the ability to walk. This paper presents the analysis and evaluation of lightweight and adjustable two degrees of freedom, quasi-passive lower limb device to improve gait rehabilitation. The exoskeleton consists of a high torque DC motor mounted on a metal plate above the hip joint, and a link that transmits assistance torque from the motor to the thigh. The knee joint is passively actuated by spring installed parallel with the joint. The action of the passive component (spring) is combined with mechanical output of the motor to provide a good control on the designed exoskeleton whi

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 04 2016
Journal Name
European Journal Of Oral Sciences
Experimental polyethylene-hydroxyapatite carrier-based endodontic system: an in vitro study on dynamic thermomechanical properties, sealing ability, and measurements of micro-computed tomography voids
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The dynamic thermomechanical properties, sealing ability, and voids formation of an experimental obturation hydroxyapatite-reinforced polyethylene (HA/PE) composite/carrier system were investigated and compared with those of a commercial system [GuttaCore (GC)]. The HA/PE system was specifically designed using a melt-extrusion process. The viscoelastic properties of HA/PE were determined using a dynamic thermomechanical analyser. Human single-rooted teeth were endodontically instrumented and obturated using HA/PE or GC systems, and then sealing ability was assessed using a fluid filtration system. In addition, micro-computed tomography (μCT) was used to quantify apparent voids within the root-canal space. The data were statistically analys

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A Cognitive Linguistic Study of the Present Simple: An Experimental Study in the University of Baghdad
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Some research reports that cognitive grammar (CG) theory has good contributions to teaching English as a foreign language. In this research, the researchers seek to apply this theory and its principles when teaching the simple present tense to Iraqi students who face difficulties in differentiating between the multiple usages of this tense. To achieve this objective, the researchers have conducted an experimental study on a group of 60 Iraqi students in the University of Baghdad, College of Education for Women. Langacker’s (2003) theory has been adopted in the analysis of the cognitive relations to understand the common and different connections of these usages of the simple present. The study has concluded that the cognitive grammar t

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of a Training Program Based on Employing the Educational Portal in Developing the Skills of the Administrative Body in Basic Education Schools in Dhofar Governorate
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The objective of the study was to identify the effectiveness of a training program based on the employment of the educational portal in the development of the skills of the administrative body in the basic education schools in Dhofar Governorate. To achieve the goal, a training program was designed that includes the skills of the educational portal to be met by the administrative body and measuring its effectiveness. A questionnaire to identify training needs, and a notecard to evaluate performance. The study sample consisted of (70) individuals of the administrative staff. The researchers used the descriptive-analytical method to identify the training needs, design and build the training program and the experimental method for applying

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 15 2022
Journal Name
Romanian Neurosurgery
Cervical carotid artery vasospasm during cerebral angiography
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Background: Vasospasm occurs commonly in the intracranial arteries as a complication of subarachnoid haemorrhage. On the other hand, extracranial Internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm is scarce, and it may occur due to mechanical manipulation during cerebral angiography. We report a case of cervical carotid artery vasospasm during diagnostic cerebral angiography, which caused anterior cerebral artery territory hypoperfusion, to discuss potential risk factors. Case description: For a 22-year-old female with a ten-year history of epilepsy on multiple drugs, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed frontal periventricular developmental venous anomaly. Diagnostic catheter cerebral angiography was used to better identify the vas

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 22 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Study of a Biomechanical Behaviour of Rat Patellar Tendon
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Tendon is important structure of the human body, since it can sustain tensile loading. The primary function of this tissue is to stabilize the joints they attached to it during daily activities. As well as, tendon has viscoelastic properties that can determine their response to loading and restrict the potential of injuries. One of the major points that this paper works with is the study of the biomechanical behaviour of tendon in response to tensile loading to describe their biological behaviour. Also, conclude the mathematical expression that may illustrate the tendon behaviour. All of the experiments were made in Physiology laboratories / Medical College/ Al- Nahrain University on ten rats "Rattus Norvegicus" of [108- 360] gm weight f

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Mechanical Engineering Research And Developments
Real-time control of robotic hand by human hand at low cost
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Scopus
Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2022
Journal Name
Nternational Journal Of Special Education
Comparative Study between a Combination of Plants Extracts and Drugs on Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Profile in Experimental Animals
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The thyroid gland is a vital part of the overall endocrine system, which is regulated some of body function as oxygen use, basal metabolic rate, growth, cellular metabolism and development This study shed light on a number of extracts that have been shown to have beneficial effects on the thyroid and its function, as well as the various factors linked to thyroid dysfunction. The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of a mixture of two extracts of "Fucus vesiculosus (150 mg/ kg) with Coleus forskohlii (1000 mg/ kg) and Rosmarinus officinalis (220 mg/ kg) with Camellia sinensis (1.25 mg/ kg)" on thyroid hormones as well as lipids profile and tested the effectiveness of two drugs one of them stimulates the hormones of the thyroid (

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