Orthodontic patients aged 12 years or over with mandibular anterior crowding of 3–6 mm, who required treatment without extractions were randomly allocated (a simple non-stratified randomization) to the HANT and SENT archwires groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The archwire sequence in both groups was 0.014-inch and 0.016-inch, respectively. Each archwire was

Eligible participants aged 12 years or over were allocated to the 0.018-inch or 0.022-inch slot MBT appliance (3M-Unitek, Monrovia, California, USA) using block randomization in groups of 10. Outcome measures included: 1. ABO cast-radiograph evaluation (CR-EVAL), 2. peer assessment rating (PAR) scores, 3. incisor inclination, and 4. patient perception using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need aesthetic component (IOTN AC) and three validated questionnaires before, during

To evaluate the effectiveness of calcium fluoride nanoparticles-containing orthodontic primer (nCaF2-primer) in preventing the incidence of WSLs during orthodontic treatment.

Single-centre, double-blinded, split-mouth, randomized clinical trial.

The sample involved 31 orthodontic patients (≥12 years). Participants were recruited using a simple

To evaluate the effects of the ShotBlocker and vibration device on pain intensity and patient satisfaction during subcutaneous (SC) insulin injections in hospitalized adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus represents a chronic illness distinguished by sustained elevations in blood glucose concentrations, and it ranks as the sixth foremost cause of mortality globally.