This study aimed to evaluate the reservoir petrophysical properties (porosity, water saturation, and permeability) for optimal flow unit assessment within the Sadi Formation. Utilizing open hole logging data from five wells, the Sadi formation was divided into two rock units. The upper unit (A) is 45-50 meters thick, mainly consisting of limestone, mainly consisting of shaly limestone at the lower part. The lower unit (B) has a thickness of approximately 75-80 meters and is primarily composed of limestone, further subdivided into three subunits (B1, B2, B3). The average water resistivity is 0.04 ohm-m, and the average mud filtrate resistivity is 0.06 ohm-m. The Pickett plot was utilized to determine Archie parameters (tortuosity factor=1, cementation factor= 2, saturation exponent = 1.94). Petrophysical properties were determined through a sequence of operations involving lithology identification, shale volume estimation, porosity calculation, water saturation calculation, and permeability estimation. Lithology was identified using neutron, density and sonic logs with (N-D, M-N) cross plots, which show that the Sadi Formation is mainly limestone. The Gamma ray log was employed to estimate the shale volume of the Sadi Formation using the Larionov equation of old rock, resulting in a shale volume of 7%-58%. After calculating porosity using neutron-density logs, the resulting porosity matched the core porosity. Archie equation was used to calculate the formation’s water saturation, with water saturation less than 0.48 (cut-off) obtained in B1, B2 and B3 units. Finally, the formation permeability was estimated using the Flow Zone Indicator method, which provided a good match with core permeability. Porosity and water saturation were estimated with depth using Techlog software. The best hydrocarbon-holding unit is B2, which has the highest porosity, lowest water saturation, and the best permeability, with a thickness of 20.1 meters. As a result of this study, core plug analysis and well logging data identified eight distinct units in the Sadi Formation. There are three flow sub-units in upper Sadi (B1), three flow sub-units in Sadi (B2) and two sub-units in Sadi (B3). Additionally, it has been found that the marl rock unit (A2) separates the water-bearing zone (A1) from the oil-bearing zone (B).
The aim of the research is to identify both the re-engineering of management processes and the strategic decision-making process in the research community and determine the nature of the correlation between the two variables and know the relationship between them to achieve the research goal. The researcher used a descriptive and analytical method. The research community consists of a group of professors and staff of the College of Education affiliated to the University of Mustansiriya in Baghdad, which their number were (45), the researcher has distributed the forms to all members of the sample, only (3) forms were excluded for invalidity and thus the number of forms approved in the analysis were (42) forms. The rese
... Show Moreresearch objectives to:
1. identify the social, economic and cultural factors affecting consumption.
2. detect the consumption culture among the population in the city of Erbil.
3. Identify the GATT consumer protection and rights.
The most important results:
1. that there is variation in the answers of respondents about keep up with modernity in the basic consumption (necessary), it swallowed the proportion of yes answers about keep up with modernity in food consumption (72%), and is an indication of growing consumer awareness of the individual in the side of nutrition. The clothing on the side of the proportion of yes answers amounted to (85%), in the health field note that the percentage of yes answers (83%), who are abr
In the present work, asphaltenes and resins separated from emulsion samples collected from two Iraqi oil wells, Nafut Kana (Nk) and Basrah were used to study the emulsion stability. The effect of oil resins to asphaltene (R/A) ratio, pH of the aqueous phase, addition of paraffinic solvent (n-heptane), aromatic solvent (toluene), and blend of both (heptol) in various proportions on the stability of emulsions had been investigated. The conditions of experiments were specified as an agitation speed of 1000 rpm for 30 minutes, heating at 50 °C, and water content of 30%. The results showed that as the R/A ratio increases, the emulsion will be unstable and the amount of water separated from emulsion increases. It was noticed that the em
... Show MoreIn this research study failed Annunciation No. 10 for the fourth phase of the pressure of carbon dioxide of the company for Southern Fertilizers and repeated the failures more than once for the same gospel was a detailed study of the gospel included a series tests for properties Mechanical and Structural addition to the tests microscopic and scanning electron microscope shows m This study parameters and a failure Elal well as the existence of an old internal cracks in the metal of the Annunciation
Resource estimation is an essential part of reservoir evaluation and development planning which highly affects the decision-making process. The available conventional logs for 30 wells in Nasiriyah oilfield were used in this study to model the petrophysical properties of the reservoir and produce a 3D static geological reservoir model that mimics petrophysical properties distribution to estimate the stock tank oil originally in place (STOOIP) for Mishrif reservoir by volumetric method. Computer processed porosity and water saturation and a structural 2D map were utilized to construct the model which was discretized by 537840 grid blocks. These properties were distributed in 3D Space using sequential Gaussian simulation and the variation in
... Show MoreGlassy polymers like Poly Mathyel Metha Acrylate are usually classified as non-porous materials; they are almost considered as fully transparent. Thin samples of these materials reflect color changing followed by porous formation and consequently cracking when exposed to certain level of ?-irradiation. The more the dose is the higher the effect have been observed. The optical microscope and UV-VIS spectroscopy have clearly approved these consequences especially for doped polymers.
This study investigates the treatment of used lubricating oils from AL-Mussaib Gas Power Station Company-Iraq, which was treated with different extractive solvents (heptane and 2-propanol). The performance activity of these solvents in the extraction process was examined and evaluated experimentally. Operating parameters were solvent to oil ratios of (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8), mixing time (20, 35, 50, and 65 min), temperatures (30, 40, 50, and 60 ºC), and mixing speed (500 rpm). These parameters were studied and analyzed. The quality is determined by the measuring and assessment of important characteristics specially viscosity, viscosity index, specific gravity, pour point, flash point, and ash content. The results confirm that the
... Show MoreThis study has taken into consideration two vital variables (leadership, leadership styles and intellectual capital). The research aim through the relations between the leadership styles and intellectual capital, to building conceptual frame for the variables of study and exploring the nature of correlation relations between these variables and their effects in enhancing intellectual capital.
The research was conducted at the Ministry of foreign in Iraq, and included a sample of leaders and subordinates amounted to (186), has been using the questionnaire as a key tool to collect data on the sample.
For the dealing with
... Show MoreIn this work, the impact of different geomagnetic storm events on the plasma-sphere layer (ionosphere layer) over the northern and southern hemisphere regions was investigated during solar cycle 23. To grasp the influence of geomagnetic storms on the behavior and variation of the critical frequency parameter of the F2 ionospheric layer (foF2), five geomagnetic storms (classified as great, severe, and strong), with Disturbance storm time (Dst) values <-100 nT were chosen. Four stations located in different mid-latitude regions in northern and southern hemispheres were designated, the northern stations are: Millstone Hill (42.6° N, 288.50° W) and Rome (41.90° N, 12.50° E) and the southern stations are: Port Stanley (-51.60° S,
... Show MoreA new simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described for quantification of Nifedipine (NIF) and their pharmaceutical formulation. The selective method was performed by the reduction of NIF nitro group to yield primary amino group using zinc powder with hydrochloric acid. The produced aromatic amine was submitted to oxidative coupling reaction with pyrocatechol and ammonium ceric nitrate to form orange color product measured spectrophotometrically with maximum absorption at 467nm. The product was determined through flow injection analysis (FIA) system and all the chemical and physical parameters were optimized. The concentration range from 5.0 to 140.0 μg.mL-1 was obeyed Beer’s law with a limit of detection and quantitatio
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