The purpose of my thesis is to prepare four new ligands (L1-L4) that have been used to prepare a series of metal complexes by reacting them with metal ions: M=(Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) Where succinyl chloride was used as a raw material for the preparation of bi-dented ligands (L1-L4) by reacting it with potassium thiocyanate as a first step and then reacting with (2-aminobenzothiazole, Benzylamine, 4-aminoantipyrine, Sulfamethoxazole) respectively as a second step with the use of dry acetone as a solvent, the chemical formula of the four ligands prepared in succession: N1,N4-bis(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylcarbamothioyl)succinamide (L1) N1,N4-bis(benzylcarbamothioyl)succinamide (L2) N1,N4-bis((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) carbamothioyl)succinamide (L3) N1,N4-bis((4-(N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)sulfamoyl) phenyl) carbamo thioyl) succinamide (L4) The new ligands were identified using spectroscopic measurements that included (FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13CNMR) spectra, mass spectra, elemental analysis (C.H.N.S), and thermal analysis (TGA&DSC), as the results of the measurements proved to be identical to the proposed molecular formula for these ligands. A series of metal complexes for ligands was also prepared, which included seven complexes for each ligand, by adding each of the metal ions to the four ligands prepared in succession to produce the following molecular formulas: - [M2(L)Cl4] , L= L1, L2, L3, L4 (M= Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II)) The prepared complexes were diagnosed by several techniques, including the study of the infrared spectra of the prepared complexes, and when comparing those spectra with the spectra of each of the four ligands prepared in the free form, these gave clear changes, including the emergence of a new band within the fingerprint area. It was not originally present in the spectra of ligands in their free form, and this is due to the occurrence of coordination between the metal ions under study and the donor atoms, which are the oxygen atom of the (C=O) group, and the sulfur atom of the (C=S) group in the ligands. (L1-L4), while other distinct bands were obtained with clear changes in shape, intensity, and location, and this is an indication of the occurrence of a coordination process between the metal ions under study and the four prepared ligands. The percentage of metal ions in the prepared complexes was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, where it was shown from the careful analysis of the elements the great agreement between the percentages calculated theoretically and obtained practically. The magnetic sensitivity results showed that some of the prepared metallic complexes have paramagnetic properties. The measurements of the molar conductivity of the prepared complexes dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 1×10-3 M and at the laboratory temperature showed that they are of a non-electrolytic nature. The prepared complexes were also studied through solubility, melting point, and ultraviolet-visible techniques, and through the data of all the aforementioned techniques, structural formulas were proposed for the prepared complexes, through which it was found that the prepared ligands are bivalve chelating ligands that lead to their participation as ligand into complexes with a tetrahedral geometric shape for all metallic complexes under study. The research included a study evaluating the antioxidant activity of some selected metal complexes by studying the amount of radical scavenging of DPPH* compared to ascorbic acid as an antioxidant reference agent. The zinc complex showed higher activity than the nickel complex compared to standard ascorbic acid. The [Cu2(L1)Cl4] and [Co2(L1)Cl4] complexes were also tested as antibodies to inhibit the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and compared with the normal cell line (HdFn), where the copper complex showed the ability to inhibit the cancerous cell line compared with the cobalt complex. The molecular binding of ligands (L3) and (L4) was also studied, and their possibility of using them as drugs in the treatment of some diseases, where the ligand L3 showed better association with the active site of the enzyme than the ligand L4, and is expected to highest antimicrobial effect. Finally, the biological effect of the prepared ligands and some of their complexes on the growth of two types of bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, was studied using DMSO solvent, where the complexes showed greater activity than the ligands against the selected types of bacteria.
This study is pointed out to estimate the effectiveness of two solvents in the extraction and evaluating the active ingredients and their antioxidant activity as well as anti-cancer efficiency. Therefore, residues from four different Brassica vegetables viz. broccoli, Brussels sprout, cauliflower, and red cherry radish were extracted using two procedures methods: methanolic and water crude extracts. Methanol extracts showed the highest content of total phenolic (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and total tannins (TT) for broccoli and Brussels sprouts residues. Methanolic extract of broccoli and Brussels sprouts residues showed the highest DPPH· scavenging activity (IC50 = 15.39 and 18.64 µg/ml). The methanol and water ex
... Show More
(11)
(4)
Atomic Force Microscope is an efficient tool to study the topography of precipitate. A study using Continuous Flow Injection via the use of Ayah 6SX1-T-2D Solar cell CFI Analyser . It was found that Cyproheptadine –HCl form precipitates of different quality using a precipitating agent's potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) and sodium nitroprusside. The formed precipitates are collected as they are formed in the usual sequence of forming the precipitate via the continuous flow .The precipitates are collected and dried under normal atmospheric pressure. The precipitates are subjected to atomic force microscope scanning to study the variation and differences of these precipitates relating them to the kind of response to both precipitates give
... Show MoreTheauthor addressed politeness discourse in “Surat Ghafir”. Quran texts include many rhetorical utterances which are considered pragmatic mechanismsconcerned with finding polite discourse. examining these texts allow to determine the effectiveness degree in the discourse, and to find the effect level that leads to interaction between the speaker and the listener. Graduation is considered an effect and a mechanism of discourse escalation.
The author reached a common definition of the graduation effectiveness term, due to its importance in finding polite discourse that is constructed by lingual manifestations some of which are escalation and graduation. Escalation is a mechanism to show the level of discourse graduation, it is a mea
There is a scarcity of data regarding algal flora of Tigris River in the territory of Baghdad. The present study deals with Tigris River in Al-Dora site in Baghdad province from November 2014 to June 2015 in order to shed light on its epiphytic Algae on (Phragmites australis) and epipelic algae. An amount of 183 and 154 species of epiphytic and epipelic algae are identified respectfully. The Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) are the dominant algal group followed by Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Moreover, 90 species are shared between two groups of algae (epiphytic and epipelic) and identified at the study site. Additionally, the seasonal variations and diversity of algal species are noticed. The highest number of epiphytic algae is 772.05 x 104
... Show More
(2)
The poor hole cleaning efficiency could causes many problems such as high torque, drag, poor hydraulics and pipe stuck. These inherent problems result in an avoidable high operation cost which this study tried to address. In this study, the effect of cutting density on hole cleaning efficiency in deviated and horizontal wells was investigated. Experiments were conducted using 40 feet (12 m) long of flow loop made from iron and PVC. However, the test section was made from PVC with (5.1m) long and (4” ID) for outer pipe and (2” OD) inner pipe. The cutting transport ratio (CTR) was determined from weight measurements for each test. Cutting Transport Ratio has been investigated for effects of the following parameters; flow rate, cu
... Show More
(5)
Employee Stealing or internal theft is considered from the passive practices that can’t be denied or be hidden, In spite of the hospital privacy as a serving organization that works 24\7 and deleing with human lives, they weren’t infallible from that kind of practice. To prevent or reduce this practice, it was important to search for the organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal thefts. The study problem briefly is to reach the most organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal theft, in governmental hospitals in Baghdad Rusafa Health district, this was done by analyzing (20) administrative cases of thefts occurred in the District, also a sample of (60) specialist Doctor’s opinion work, in (3) hospital
... Show More
The third most ordinarily cancer type diagnosed in male and is Colorectal cancer (CRC) and it is widely spread in developed countries. Most of CRC arises from development of adenomatous polyps. The current study aimed to determine whether serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and Nesfatin-1 can be used as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of CRC. Nesfatin-1, RBP4 and Thyroid Hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) levels were measured in fifty sera of male patients suffering from CRC before chemotherapy initiation treatment as G1, G2 after first chemotherapy cycle dose and G3 after second chemotherapy cycle dose compared with twenty five male volunteers as a control G4. The results showed a significant increased in RBP 4 concentration in G3 and a signific
... Show MoreReceive money laundering phenomenon of interest to researchers and scholars on different intellectual orientation of economic or political or other, as this process is gaining paramount importance in light of business and increase the number of banks in the province of Kurdistan of Iraq and Erbil in particular and in the presence of openness developments chaotic economic and there are no factors encourage money laundering operation because of the presence of the hidden economy and the weakness of the banking and legal measures to combat them, and on this basis there is a need to examine money laundering operation in the province of Arbil, to indicate the presence or absence of a money laundering operation in working in the provin
... Show More
Values and ideals are two basic pillars in human life, and high societies have been keen throughout their ages to adhere to and establish them so that man can distinguish good and evil, right and wrong, as they are a balance of actions that give man a higher value. Many of the followers of Abbasid literature, poetry and prose – it is noted that many imams and writers have been keen to highlight these values and make them material for their poetry and literature, courage, generosity, chastity and....All meanings of human values and there is no doubt that one of the texts abounding in this field is what was reported from the people of the house of infallibility pure (peace be upon them), including we touch it in the visit of Imam Jaafar al-
... Show MoreAn experimental and numerical investigation of the effect of using two types of nanofluids with suspending of (Al2O3 and CuO) nanoparticles in deionized water with a volume fraction of (0.1% vol.), in addition to use three types of fin plate configurations of (smooth, perforated, and dimple plate) to study the heat transfer enhancement characteristics of commercial fin plate heat sink for cooling computer processing unit. All experimental tests under simulated conditions by using heat flux heater element with input power range of (5, 16, 35, 70, and 100 W). The experimental parameters calculated are such as water and nanofluid as coolant with Reynolds number of (7000, 8000, 9400 and 11300); the air
... Show More
(2)