This paper aims to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams considering fire resistance by adding Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregates (LECA) to the concrete mix as partial coarse aggregate replacement. LECA is a type of porous clay with a uniform pore structure with fine, closed cells and hard, tightly sintered skin. The experimental work comprised four reinforced self-compacted concrete beams. All the specimens were identical in their geometrical layout of 1600×240×200 mm, reinforcement details, and support condition (simply supported). For all the beams, the main reinforcement was provided by two bars, each having a diameter of 12 mm, while a bar of 6 mm diameter was employed for the top and shear reinforcement. Each beam had a different replacement ratio of LECA for coarse aggregates (0, 10, 20, and 30%). All the specimens were tested under static two concentrated loads after being exposed to the fire of steady-state temperature (500 oC), 1 hr duration, and sudden cooling process. The results showed that adding LECA reduced the number and width of the generated cracks due to fire and reduced the deterioration of the ultimate load capacity and beam rigidity (stiffness).
Begging is an ancient social phenomenon since the Man's creation. It was simple at its beginning to get a living and the family needed, but presently, this simple social phenomenon converted to a big phenomenon which controlled by competent groups away from the values and principles. Their doings are far from humanity representing by the cutting of a hand or a foot and facial distortion or removed eye as a way of attracting people's emotions to get material and incorporeal helps; these doings became a trade which is exchanged by slave traders. Furthermore, different illegal and greedy methods were followed as a way of blackmailing others; contrariwise other cases of begging are doing by a people who real poor and needy. In this case, the
... Show MoreThe process of transporting waste from urban areas to sanitary landfill sites requires large amounts of money due to the length and distance. To address this problem, temporary transfer stations were established by the Municipality of Baghdad to reduce the cost of transportation, and for the purpose of preserving the environment in a sustainable manner, standards were set for the establishment of these stations. The two stations of Al-Karrada Municipality and Al-Shula Municipality were chosen as a case study to measure the extent of adopting and applying the standards for establishing substations locally, regionally and internationally, and the most important results were reached Which is that the transforming (regular) stations of the t
... Show MoreThe current research aims to analyze the extent of the adoption of the standards of ISO 45001: 2018 for occupational safety and health management by the General Establishment of Civil Aviation. The research problem was the extent to which the General Establishment of Civil Aviation approved ISO 45001: 2018 for occupational safety and health management. The questionnaire was used as a primary data collection tool, the sample was distributed (50) form, they were selected from the category of employees of the establishment at different levels to represent the research community. Data were analyzed using the statistical package (SPSS), a number of vector statistical methods were used as well as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, an
... Show MoreEntomopathogenic fungi can be ideal for the biocontrol of cockroaches since it is environment-friendly microbial pesticide. Susceptibility of second and fourth instar of nymphs and adults of the brown banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa (F.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) to the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. at two concentrations 1x 107 and 1x 108 spore/ml was evaluated. Fungus was tested by using two different methods: bait and direct contact. Mortality was monitored after 3, 5 and 7 days’ post exposure. Direct contact of B. bassiana at concentration 1x 107 spore/ml produced mortality on adults 82.76% and for fourth and second instar of nymphs 82.76 and 93.10% after 7 daysâ
... Show MoreMost countries in the world particularly developing countries, including Iraq, facing extremely dangerous problem with social and political dimensions, which is the emergence of the food crisis problem ,the decrease in domestic food production in Iraq isn't meet the needs of its population food, due to the fact that the agricultural sector suffers from multiple natural ,economic and human problems .It is still below the level required to meet the needs of the population of food ,since food at the forefront of priorities needed by the human . This represents indispensable basic necessity , so the responsibility of its availability permanently in appropriate&nb
... Show MoreThe research deals with an important issue that many people are working on, namely the sanctification of the texts on which the timings of the time and the different conditions of the place took place. Do not live up to the ranks of perfection and perfection, and every effort has explanations according to the mind machine, which is not protected by infallibility from error. The great downfall is to put these intellectual efforts in the Bible without separating them from the Word of God. The situation and the place on the adherents of a religion and mixed with the trick of the average individual only to be subject to the words of the teachers of Sharia and docility.
The treasury bills one internal government debt instruments in iraq that were used to finance temporary deficits in the government budget, There fore the government resorted to issuing for the purpose of providing liquidity, As well as to invest in productive progects, After that it was financing the budget deficit by the monetary authovity of the central baalpennek [the new cash velease] which led to negative effects on the Iraqi econome, Thus we find that the treasury transfers have formed alarge proportion of the gross domestic government debt to finance the deficit ayear ago 2003. &nbs
... Show MoreThe study aimed to investigate the relationship between the multiple intelligence and the numerical sense. The chosen population of the study was the 4th secondary stage students. The sample consisted of 400 female and male student. The researcher utilized two test; multiple intelligence test which include three categories of intelligence (logical-mathematical, spatial, and linguistics) consisted of (36) item, and the numerical sense test that consisted of (44) item. The two tests were constructed by the researcher himself. The psychometric properties of the test were also verified. The results showed that there was a correlation between the multiple intelligence and the numerical sense as well as the students’ means scores
... Show MoreThis paper aims to identify the approaches used in assessment the credit applications by Iraqi banks, as well as which approach is most used. It also attempted to link these approaches with reduction of credit default and banks’ efficiency particularly for the Gulf Commercial Bank. The paper found that the Gulf Bank widely relies on the method of Judgment Approach for assessment the credit applications in order to select the best of them with low risk of default. In addition, the paper found that the method of Judgment Approach was very important for the Gulf Bank and it driven in reduction the ratio of credit default as percentage of total credit. However, it is important to say that the adoption of statistical approaches for
... Show MoreThe concept of training is no longer traditionally understood Limited organize traditional training courses, but has become a strategic choice in the investment and development of human resources system, attic trying to find the answer to the core problem of the study which
is the extent to which the training process, the traditional form that meets the needs of the company the development of intellectual capital.This research aimstostatementof the impact dimensions the training process(training role, support or top management , training programs, modern technology)of the in components Intellectual Capital(Human Capital, Structural Capital, Customer Capital) and provide the top management of the Company for the development of sci
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