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Effect of uricol® and food with different samafurantin® doses on secondary pharmacokinetic parameters by applying urinary data
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Introduction: Nitrofurantoin (NFT) is abroad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic. The bioavailability of NFT is affected by many factors. Samafurantin® tablets containing 50 mg NFT were manufactured by Samarra drug industry. Urinary excretion studies were employed since; the urinary tract is the main site of NFT action and excretion. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of Uricol® and food on secondary pharmacokinetic parameters of Samafurantin® tablets with different doses by applying urinary data. Methods: Twelve healthy male volunteers participated in this study. Urine samples were collected from each volunteer after overnight fasting at a specified time intervals which considered as a blank sample for measuring urine pH of urine. After that, volunteers were randomly divided into two groups (G1 and G2) each of six. Group 1 was administered 100 mg of NFT (Two tablets of 50 mg Samafurantin®) while, G2 was administered 200 mg of NFT (Four tablets of 50 mg Samafurantin®) as a single oral dose. Both groups administered the dose on an empty stomach (fasting), along with one Uricol® of 5 g sachet on fasting, and on full stomach after eating a standard breakfast after 1-week washout period between each experiment and another. For each experiment, urine samples were collected from each volunteer from 0.25 to 7 h post dosing. In addition, the volume of each void urine sample was measured. Results: Both groups (G1 and G2) showed only slight differences in the pH of urine after administration of Samafurantin® as compared with that of the blank. While, the pH of urine for both groups was higher after administration of Samafurantin® tablets along with Uricol® 5 g. In both groups, each of Uricol® and food exhibited no significant differences (P < 0.05) in secondary pharmacokinetic parameters of NFT; the rate constant of elimination (Kel) and absorption (Ka) and consequently their half-life (t0.5 el and t0.5 abs) as long as the drug followed first-order kinetics. While significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed for maximum excretion rate (ExRmax), cumulative amount excreted in urine (CAe) and CAe as percentage of the dose. This could be attributed to the pH-change of urine by Uricol® which alkalinized the urinary and kidney tract or delaying gastric emptying by food. Same observations were attained when comparing G1 with G2 after administration of NFT on fasting. Conclusions: Administration of Samafurantin® tablets at higher doses, along with Uricol® or with food increases secondary pharmacokinetic parameters related to the rate and extent of absorption and elimination without significant changes in their corresponding rate constants and half-lives. © 2018 Drug Invention Today.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 02 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of Driver and Posner Models in correcting Alternative Perceptions in Educational Psychology Material for the Students at the Institute of Fine Arts
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To achieve the goals, the researcher followed the design of equal and   independent groups of partial control and post-test . The research has chosen the Institute of Fine Arts in the area Almansour area as deliberate sample where three sections of students have been chosen and the   number of students is (69) students. The researcher conducted equivalence in the variables (age, and IQ , and the overall rate for grade III). in diagnostic phase,  (21) concepts of alternative    image out of (46) concepts have been identified in addition to the goals of formulation of acquisition concepts according to the three processes (definition, discrimination and application). Achievement test has been

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 16 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
A study to compare the efficiency of different instrumentation systems for cleaning oval-shaped root canals (An in vitro study)
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Background: Proper cleaning and shaping of the whole root canal space have been recognized as a real challenge, particularly in oval-shaped canals.This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficiency of different instrumentation systems in removing of dentin debris at three thirds of oval-shaped root canals and to compare the percentage of remaining dentin debris among the three thirds for each instrumentation system. Materials and methods: Fifty freshly extracted human mandibular molars with single straight oval-shaped distal root canals were randomly divided into five groups of ten teeth each. Group One: instrumentation with ProTaper Universal hand instruments, Group Two: instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
A solution to the Lifely Disobedience and its Effect to Stop Divorce
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Allah legislated marriage and made it dwelling, fellowship and mercy between
the two couples, Prophet Moh'd (peace of Allah and blessing be upon him) ordered a
husband to look after his wife, treat her with full charity and make love with here
every kindly. On the other hand, he ordered a wife to obey her husband and respect
him deeply, nevertheless, some obstacles may sometimes be appeared within the life
of their marriage, this may be caused by either a husband or a wife. This problem is
called lifely disobedience (AL-Noshooz).
In the other words, this means that a wife begins to hate her husband, refuse his orders
and not obey him.
In brief, they hate each other which leads to some marks appear in their
m

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Effect of Discussion Techniques in Composition performance for The fifth preparatory student
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The present study aims at knowing the effect of discussion method for students of fifth grade in preparatory school.

Methodology of the Study:

          In order to achieve the objective of the study, the researcher chooses non-randomly the preparatory school affiliated to the District Chamchamal \ Suliemnaniya. The sample attained 64 students in 32 per group (control and experimental) groups. The researcher used the discussion method which was applied on experimental group. She uses the traditional method on the control group.

The researcher matched the two group in ago, intelligence, marks at the Kurdish Language in the previous year , pretest and posts for the indepe

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of Daniel's Model on the Acquisition of Concepts for the Arabic Language Curricula Among the Students of Department of Arabic Language in Colleges of Basic Education
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The current research aims to investigate the effect of a specimen of Daniel in the acquisition of concepts for the Arabic language curricula material to the students of the third phase of the Faculty of Basic Education Department of Arabic Language. The sample consists of (93) applications and a student of (47) students in the Division (A), which represents the experimental group which studied the use of a specimen of Daniel, and (46) students in the Division (B), which represents the control group, which studied the traditional way. The subject of unified two groups, which subjects the Arabic language curricula which includes six chapters.
The duration of the experiment is a full semester. The researchers also prepared a tool for mea

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 30 2021
Journal Name
International Medical Journal
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Infection Control by Dental Students at Pedodontic Clinic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq
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Objectives: This study explored knowledge, attitude, and practice of infection control by dental students at College of Dentistry/ University of Baghdad, Iraq. Material and Methods: Three hundred dental students participated in this study. A self administrated questionnaire with 21 close ended questions related to use of personal protective equipments, infection control awareness, vaccination status, percutaneous exposures, and attitude towards treatment of patients with hepatitis B (HBV)/ or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was distributed to dental students. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Fisher exact and Chi-square test were used with significance level set to 0.05. Results: The

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Scopus
Publication Date
Mon Mar 27 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Evaluation of the Clinical use of Metformin or Pioglitazone in Combination with Meloxicam in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis; using Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis outcome Score
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Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent arthritic disease and a leading cause of disability. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis involves multiple etiologies, including variable degree of synovial inflammation. Metformin and pioglitazone could potentially reduce the levels and activity of inflammatory mediators. This may consider as a new therapeutic approach added to the current used drugs in an attempt to decrease the pain, inflammation, and improve daily activity and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

This study designed to evaluate the clinical utility of using metformin or pioglitazone as anti-inflammatory agents in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) of selective type of cyclooxygen

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Crossref (17)
Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Mar 08 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
SiCi_xNxthin films preparation by TEA-Co2 Laser induced Vapor-phase reaction and study of the nature of chemical bonds and some their electrical and optical properties
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A pulsed (TEA-0O2) laser was used to dissociate molecules of silane ethylene (C2I-14) and ammonia (NH3) gases, through collision assisted multiple photon dissociation (MPD) to deposit(SiC i_xNx) thin films, where the X-values are 0, 0.13 and 0.33, on glass substrate at T,----648 K. deposition rate of (0.416-0.833) nm/pulse and thickness of (500-1000)nm .Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) was used to study the nature of the chemical bonds that exist in the films. Results revealed that these films contain complex networks of the atomic (Si, C, and N), other a quantity of atomic hydrogen and chemical bonds such as (Si-N, C-N, C-14 and N-H).Absorbance and Transmittance spectra in the wavelength range (400-1100) nm were used to stud

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Disadvantages of Abortion and its Impact on Society
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As we have said that the reasons for abortion are many and varied them to be for
the purpose of treatment or the protection of the mother of the loss or that the abortion
of an act intended purpose of birth control or other reasons is the statistics that are
spread in the world that about 50-60 million abortions annually in the world If this
abortion criminal who is loss of the lives of fetuses and a disgrace to the preachers to
the progressive and liberal, secular, and because they were not able to maintain
human life after leaving the obligation to approach Islam and because life support is
the highest things, which is one of the necessities of the five obligatory street
maintenance came verses warn those who un

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Chem Tech Research
Synthesis of New Selective Electrodes for the Determination of Metronidazole Benzoate (MNZB) Based on a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Combined With Poly Vinyl Chloride
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