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Natural Convection in Annulus Between Two Concentric Cylinders Partially Filled with Metal Foam Distributed with New Suggested Design
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Abstract<p>The investigation of natural convection in an annular space between two concentric cylinders partially filled with metal foam is introduced numerically. The metal foam is inserted with a new suggested design that includes the distribution of metal foam in the annular space, not only in the redial direction, but also with the angular direction. Temperatures of inner and outer cylinders are maintained at constant value in which inner cylinder temperature is higher than the outer one. Naiver Stokes equation with Boussinesq approximation is used for fluid regime while Brinkman-Forchheimer Darcy model used for metal foam. In addition, the local thermal equilibrium condition in the energy equation of the porous media is presumed to be applicable for the present investigation. CFD ANSYS FLUENT software package (version 18.2) is used as a solver to this problem. Various parameters are examined; Rayleigh number, Darcy number, and thermal conductivity ratio to study the effect of them on fluid flow and heat transfer inside the annuli space in the suggested design of metal foam layer. current model is compared with the available published results and good agreement is noticed. Results showed that as Rayleigh number increases the dominated of convection mode increases and Nusselt increases. Also, Nusselt is larger at the higher Darcy and thermal conductivity ratio. It was found that at Rayleigh of 10<sup>6</sup> and thermal conductivity ratio of 10<sup>4</sup> Nusselt reach its higher value which is 6.69 for Darcy of 0.1 and 6.77 for Darcy of 0.001. A comparison between this design and the traditional design was established for Darcy 0.001 and thermal conductivity ratio 10<sup>2</sup>, and its showed a good enhancement in Nusselt number and the greatest enhancement percentage was 44% at Rayleigh equal 5*10<sup>4</sup> while the lowest percentage is 6% for Rayleigh equal10<sup>6</sup>.</p>
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2025
Journal Name
Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal
The Effectiveness of Deep Breathing Exercise Training Program in Reducing Discomfort Symptoms amongst Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Randomised Controlled Trial
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Background:

Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading public health problems that affect millions of women and men worldwide.

Aims:

This study aims to examine the effect of deep breathing to reduce discomfort amongst patient undergoing haemodialysis (HD).

Materials and Methods:

This randomised controlled experimental study was conducted consisted of 108 patients (54 in each group) who undergoing HD in hospitalised adults’ patients between November 2024 an

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Publication Date
Mon May 20 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Diabetes In Developing Countries
Role of stanniocalcin-1 and proenkephalin-A as novel biomarkers in prediction of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients
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Publication Date
Wed May 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
STRATEGIC VIGILANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT DECISION SURVEY STUDY IN THE SUPREME JUDICIAL COUNCIL (DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION): STRATEGIC VIGILANCE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT DECISION SURVEY STUDY IN THE SUPREME JUDICIAL COUNCIL (DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION)
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The Objective of the research is to identify the Strategic Vigilance and effect in the Managerial Decision Quality, by knowing the interest of the organization influence the Strategic Vigilance in the Managerial Decision Quality, adopted four dimensions of the Strategic Vigilance is (Environmental Vigilance, Commercial, Competitiveness & Technology) to indicate the extent individually and collectively impact in the Managerial Decision Quality, The questionnaire was used as a main tool to survey the views of a sample of 45 managers, was named Supreme Judicial Council society for research, and the statistical program SPSS, and research found a clear positive impact dimensions Strategic Vigilance in the Manageri

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 25 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
10.28936 PARTIAL PURIFICATION OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED FROM PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI-FMAC278 AND WEISSELLA PARAMESENTEROIDES-DFR6 AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE PRESERVATION OF CHICKEN SAUSAGES: PARTIAL PURIFICATION OF BACTERIOCIN PRODUCED FROM PEDIOCOCCUS ACIDILACTICI-FMAC278 AND WEISSELLA PARAMESENTEROIDES-DFR6 AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE PRESERVATION OF CHICKEN SAUSAGES
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Bacteriocins were partially purified by ammonium sulphate 50% concentraction, bacteriocin activity of Pediococcus acidilactici-FMAC278 was 25600 U/ml with 5.8 folds and 7.6% yeild, the activity decrease to 12800 U/ml after dialysis with 6.3 folds and 3% yield, On the other hand the bacteriocin activity of Weissella paramesenteroides-DFR6 was 12800 U/ml with 2.7 folds and 8.8% yeild, after dialysis the activity became 6400 U/ml with 5.1 fold and 3.4% yield, Chicken Sausage were made by adding 0.25, 0.5 and 1% particaly purified bacteriocin to study its effect on microorganisms and increasing shelf life of Sausage. It is found that bacterial numbers were decreased after 3 days of storage at refrigerator at 0.5% conc. While the molds decrea

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 04 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Study in the procedural provisions of the action consumption incidents A comparative study Under Iraqi Consumer Protection Act No. 1 of 2010.: Study in the procedural provisions of the action consumption incidents A comparative study Under Iraqi Consumer Protection Act No. 1 of 2010.
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This research Sheds highlights the procedural protections that must be enjoyed by the consumer in the face of the product, which is the protection of no less dangerous than the substantive protection of our obligations and duties delivered by the legislature upon the product of consumer interest, what is the benefit of the right if the access road to him complicated, so know The consumer has a right to the face of the product, but leaves the claim, either to ignorance For access to this right either to the difficulty of connecting to him.
That this research modest attempt we tried through which to focus on the way to the consumer behavior of arrived right, as we tried to highlight the weaknesses and the complexity of the procedure to

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 23 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE ISSUES OF YOUTH IN THE TALK SHOWS IN THE IRAQI SATELLITE CHANNELS:: (An Analytical Study of the Shabab wa Banat Program at Al-Sumaria TV Channel and of the Hala Shabab at Al-Iraqia TV Channel) (A Research Drawn from a Master’s Thesis)
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The purpose of this research is to identify the youth issues in Talk Shows in the Iraqi satellite channels via monitoring a sample of episodes of the Talk Shows  episodes which are concerned and analyzed the youth issues in the Iraqi satellite channels, namely, «Hala Shabab Program» at Al-Iraqia satellite Channel and «Shabab wa Banat Program» at Al-Sumaria satellite Channel by recording and re-watching them again. This research is classified as one of descriptive researches. The survey method was adopted in this study.

For this purpose, the researcher prepared an analysis form. The researcher de

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 27 2024
Journal Name
History Of Medicine
Developing and Validating a Spectrophotometric Method for Estimating Antifungal (Nystatin) in its Pure Form Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Tetrachloro-1,4 benzoquinone
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The UV−VIS absorption spectroscopy technique was used to study the formation of a new complex of charge transfer (CT) between bioactive organic molecules as (Nystatin) containing both a π-electrons from a conjugated system and lone-pair of electrons (amine) with Tetrachloro-1,4 benzoquinone (TCBQ) as a π-acceptor in which the transferred electron goes into its vacant anti-bonding molecular orbitals. The Tyrian purple-colored complex formed was quantitatively measured at 544 nm. This complex shows obeying Beer's law within the concentration range of (10-90) μg.ml-1The stoichiometry of the formed complex between the (Nys.) and (TCBQ) was found 1:2 as evaluated by continuous variation (Job's method) and mole ratio method The value of mola

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Publication Date
Mon May 31 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Ecology
Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Chicken Flocks and their Feed and Water in Karbala, Iraq
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The objective of study was determining the most prevalent Salmonella spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibility in broilers and laying chickens and their feed and drinking water in five chicken farms in Karbala, Iraq over the period from August to October 2020. A total of 289 samples, including 217 cloaca swabs, 46 water and 26 feed samples were collected. Salmonella spp. was identified firstly by routine diagnostic methods, followed by applying the API 20E kit, the Vitek2 system, and serology. There was significant differences in Salmonella prevalence among different types of samples, mainly cloaca swabs reported a high isolation rate (21.7%). In contrast, feed samples were completely free of contamination. The highest rate of isolation w

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effect of the Strategy of Cognitive Discrepancy in the Achievement of Literature and Texts among the Fourth-Stage Students
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The present research aims at identifying the effect of the cognitive discrepancy strategy on the fourth-stage students’ achievement in literature and texts. The researcher adopted the null hypothesis: there is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average grades of the experimental group who study literature and texts following the discrepancies strategy, and those who follow the traditional method. A post-achievement test of (60) paragraphs was administered to (6) students as the study sample. The results showed that the experimental group who studied literature and texts with the strategy of cognitive achieved better than the control group who followed the traditional method in the post-achievement t

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 01 2023
Journal Name
Cureus
The Evaluation of Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Enzyme Level in the Serum of Colorectal Cancer Iraqi Males on Fluoropyrimidine-Based Chemotherapy (Capecitabine)
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