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PROTOCOLS FOR SECURE ROUTING AND TRANSMISSION IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK: A REVIEW
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Mobile ad hoc network security is a new area for research that it has been faced many difficulties to implement. These difficulties are due to the absence of central authentication server, the dynamically movement of the nodes (mobility), limited capacity of the wireless medium and the various types of vulnerability attacks. All these factor combine to make mobile ad hoc a great challenge to the researcher. Mobile ad hoc has been used in different applications networks range from military operations and emergency disaster relief to community networking and interaction among meeting attendees or students during a lecture. In these and other ad hoc networking applications, security in the routing protocol is necessary to protect against malicious attacks as well as in data transmission. The goal of mobile ad hoc security is to safeguard the nodes’ operation and ensure the availability of communication in spite of adversary nodes. The node operations can be divided into two phases. The first phase is to discover the route (s) path. The second phase is to forward the data on the available discovered routes. Both stages need to protect from attacks; so many protocols have been proposed to secure the routing and data forwarding. This is a review study to mobile ad hoc protocols for securing routing as well as protocols for securing packets forwarding. Furthermore, it will present the characteristics and the limitations for each protocol and attributes.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Constructing a Sustainable Roller Compacted Concrete Using Waste Demolished Material as Replacement of Cement: A Review
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Roller Compacted Concrete is a type of concrete that is environmentally friendly and more economical than traditional concrete. Roller Compacted Concrete is typically used for heavy-duty and specialist constructions, such as hydraulic structures and pavements, because of its coarse surface. The main difference between RCC and conventional concrete mixtures is that RCC has a more significant proportion of fine aggregates that allow compaction and tight packing. In recent years, it has been estimated that several million tons of waste demolished material (WDM) produced each year are directed to landfills worldwide without being recycled for disposal. This review aimed to study the literature about creating a Roller-Comp

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Ore Geology Reviews
Book review
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 24 2021
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Smart IoT Network Based Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network With Element-Wise Prediction System
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An Intelligent Internet of Things network based on an Artificial Intelligent System, can substantially control and reduce the congestion effects in the network. In this paper, an artificial intelligent system is proposed for eliminating the congestion effects in traffic load in an Intelligent Internet of Things network based on a deep learning Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network with a modified Element-wise Attention Gate. The invisible layer of the modified Element-wise Attention Gate structure has self-feedback to increase its long short-term memory. The artificial intelligent system is implemented for next step ahead traffic estimation and clustering the network. In the proposed architecture, each sensing node is adaptive and able to

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Micro-Bubble Flotation for Removing Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution: Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Kinetic of Flotation
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In this work, microbubble dispersed air flotation technique was applied for cadmium ions removal from wastewater aqueous solution. Experiments parameters such as pH (3, 4, 5, and 6), initial Cd(II) ions concentration (40, 80, and 120 mg/l)  contact time( 2, 5, 10 , 15, and 20min), and surfactant (10, 20and 40mg/l) were studied in order to optimize the best conditions .The experimental results indicate that microbubbles were quite effective in removing cadmium ions and the anionic surfactant SDS was found to be more efficient than cationic CTAB in flotation process. 92.3% maximum removal efficiency achieved through 15min at pH 5, SDS surfactant concentration 20mg/l, flow rate250 cm3/min and at 40mg/l Cd(II) ions initial co

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing A field study ona sample of banks operating in the state of Gezira 2022 AD: (دراسة ميدانية على عينة من المصارف العاملة في ولاية الجزيرة 2022م)
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                 The aim of the research is to identify the adequacy of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing in explaining the role of accounting disclosure in granting bank financing by linking the concepts of full, comprehensive and adequate disclosure to bank financing. The impact of full accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of comprehensive accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, the existence of an impact of adequate accounting disclosure on granting bank financing, and the research relied on the descriptive approach, the deductive and inductive approach, the inferential analytical approach, a

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 13 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Architecture And Planning
Geospatial Techniques for Preparing the Requirements of 3D Modeling for Smart City Planning- Review paper
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Developing smart city planning requires integrating various techniques, including geospatial techniques, building information models (BIM), information and communication technology (ICT), and artificial intelligence, for instance, three-dimensional (3D) building models, in enabling smart city applications. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the role and significance of geospatial techniques in smart city planning and implementation. The literature review encompasses (74) studies from diverse databases, examining relevant solutions and prototypes related to smart city planning. The focus highlights the requirements and preparation of geospatial techniques to support the transition to a smart city. The paper explores various aspects,

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 30 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmacy Practice
A Comprehensive Review of Drivers influencing Flu Vaccine Acceptance in the Middle East: Using Health Belief Model
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Rationale, aims and objectives: A review of studies published over the last six years gives update about this hot topic. In the middle of COVID-19 pandemic, this study findings can help understand how population may perceive vaccinations. The objectives of this study were to review the literature covering the perceptions about influenza vaccines and to determine factors influencing the acceptance of vaccination using Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed utilizing PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Three keywords were used: Influenza vaccine, perceptions, and Middle East. Empirical studies that dealt with people/ HCW perceptions of influenza vaccine in the Middle East and writt

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Exploring the Challenges of Diagnosing Thyroid Disease with Imbalanced Data and Machine Learning: A Systematic Literature Review
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Thyroid disease is a common disease affecting millions worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease can help prevent more serious complications and improve long-term health outcomes. However, thyroid disease diagnosis can be challenging due to its variable symptoms and limited diagnostic tests. By processing enormous amounts of data and seeing trends that may not be immediately evident to human doctors, Machine Learning (ML) algorithms may be capable of increasing the accuracy with which thyroid disease is diagnosed. This study seeks to discover the most recent ML-based and data-driven developments and strategies for diagnosing thyroid disease while considering the challenges associated with imbalanced data in thyroid dise

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 08 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Microbiology, Biotechnology And Food Sciences
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF NEEM OIL AND GENTAMICIN ON PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA VIA PHZM GENE DOWNREGULATION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
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Exploring the antibacterial potential of neem oil (Azadirachta indica) in combination with gentamicin (GEN) against pathogenic molds, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has drawn concern due to the quest for natural treatment options against incurable diseases. Prospective research directions include looking for natural cures for many of the currently incurable diseases available now. microbial identification system, were used to identify the isolates. The research utilized a range of methods, such as the diffusion agar well (AWD) assays, TEM (transmission electron microscopy) analysis, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, and real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) to analyze bacterial expression and the antibacterial action of neem oil (Azadira

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Publication Date
Mon May 01 2023
Journal Name
Complementary Therapies In Medicine
Effects of almond intake on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
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