يُعد التنمر ظاهرة إجتماعية قديمة موجودة في جميع المجتمعات سواء أكان المجتمع صناعيًا أم ناميًا، كما يُعد من المفاهيم الحديثة نسبيًا، وربما يرجع لحداثة الإعتراف به نوعًا من أنواع العنف فضلاعن ندرة الدراسات التي تناولته وعدم وجود معيار محدد لتحديد السلوك الذي يعد تنمرًا أم عابرًا، لقد بدأ الأهتمام بدراسة التنمر في سبعينات القرن الماضي وأصبح موضعًا يحضى بأهتمام العديد في مختلف البلدان، وفي عصرنا الحالي تطورت الظاهرة الإجرامية تطورًا ملحوظًا سواء في أسلوب إرتكابها أو مرتكبيها وكل ذلك يرجع إلى التقدم السريع في ثورة المعلومات والإتصالات، فظهرتْ الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني، وفي نطاق الجريمة الإلكترونية، أختلف الفقه والقضاء في تحديد مسؤولية مزود خدمة الإنترنت وفقًاً لطبعية عمله المتمثل بمدى الرقابة التي يقوم بها على المحتويات غير المشروعة التي تتم عبر الخدمة التي يقدمها في الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني Bullying is considered an ancient social phenomenon that has existed in all societies for a long time, whether the society was industrialized or developing. Recently, bullying was recognized as a form of violence. Additionally, the interest in studying bullying began in the seventies of the last century and became a topic of interest in many countries around the world. nowadays, the criminal phenomenon has developed remarkably, both in the way it is committed or its perpetrators, and all this is due to the rapid progress In the information and communication revolution, cybercrimes appeared, including the cyber-bullying crime In addition, Jurisprudence and the judiciary have differed in determining responsibility of the internet service provider according to the nature of its work, which is the extent of control it performs on the illegal content that is carried out through the service it provides in cybercrime, including the cyberbullying crime. Le harcèlement est un phénomène social ancien présent dans toutes les sociétés, qu'elles soient industrielles ou en développement. Il est également considéré comme un concept relativement moderne en raison de sa reconnaissance récente en tant que forme de violence, ainsi que de la rareté des études qui l'ont abordé et de l'absence du critère spécifique pour déterminer quel comportement est considéré comme du harcèlement ou toléré. L'intérêt, pour l'étude du harcèlement a commencé dans les années 70 du siècle dernier et est devenu un sujet d'intérêt pour de nombreuses personnes dans différents pays. De nos jours, le phénomène criminel s'est sensiblement développé, que ce soit dans sa manière de se produire ou chez ses auteurs, et cela est dû aux progrès rapides de la révolution de l'information et de la communication. Les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique, ont émergé dans le cadre de la cybercriminalité. Dans ce contexte, les juges et les autorités judiciaires ont divergé dans l'établissement de la responsabilité du fournisseur d'accès internet en fonction de la nature de son travail, qui consiste en l'étendue de son contrôle sur les contenus illégaux qui se produisent par le biais du service qu'il fournit dans les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique.
Taxes are an essential axis in the economy as the most effective and effective economic tool in any country (economy). Expanding the scope of taxation without adequate study has produced a dangerous result with a negative impact that is almost apparent, namely (tax evasion), which stands as a barrier preventing the state from reaching Therefore, the research sought to study strategic tax planning and its importance in reducing tax evasion, and the research aims from that to prove the importance of adopting strategic planning in the field of taxes according to modern and effective scientific foundations to reduce tax evasion to enhance the achievement of tax evasion. The financing objective is in addition to the other objectives,
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The study aims to identify the extent to which the applied colleges at the University of Technology and Applied Sciences meet the comprehensive quality standards in light of the national education strategy for the 2040 Vision in the Sultanate of Oman. To do this, the researchers used the descriptive approach. They used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection that was applied to (237) administrators, academics, and support functions. The study found that the extent to which the applied colleges at the University of Technology and Applied Sciences meet the comprehensive quality standards in the light of the National Education Strategy 2040 in the Sultanate of Oman recorded a high range. The study als
... Show MoreIs a high degree of economic freedom an important part in the development of the economies of developing countries in the last decade of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twentieth century and the atheist. This is because a test subject (deltoid analysis of the relationship between the degree of economic freedom and foreign trade of selected developing countries for the period
( 1990 -2005) to determine the degree of economic freedom in foreign trade promotion in Singapore and Turkey. The research recommends a number of recommendations, the most important is the responsibility of the Ministry of Planning in Iraq that is providing the necessary data for the Fraser Institute, the aim of increasing cooperation
The effect of UV-light on the tensile properties of pure PC has been studied. It was shown that irradiation of PC undergo a drop in the tensile properties of 30 hour of exposure. The results of irradiated samples shows that the addition of ZnO and TiO2 with different percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5 %) will reduce the Young modulus and ultimate stress of PC/ZnO ,PC/ TiO2 composites
The orbital motion and longitude for some Jupiter's satellites (Amaletha, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were calculated from two different locations Iraq and Syria. A program was designed, the input parameters were the desired year, month, day and the longitude of the location, the output parameters results were applied in form of a file, and this file includes the longitude, orbital motion, and local time of these satellites. A specific date 1-10-2013 was taken, the results of longitude was (20-336) º and orbital motion was (92-331) º for both Iraq and Syria location with observing time (05:24:14-15:18:10) for Iraq and (04:56:33-14:50:30) for Syria. The difference in time between the two locations was constant (00:45:00), these results
... Show MoreThe present study aims to explore the effectiveness of a proposed study unit based on the funds of knowledge theory in developing the attitudes towards cultural identity and the proposed study unit. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the two researchers followed the quasi-experimental approach, where the study sample consisted of (28) female students of the fifth-grade at Al-Jeelah Basic Education School, Al-Dakhiliyah Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The data were collected by two scales: the first is a scale of attitudes towards cultural identity consisting of (26) items. The second was a scale of attitudes towards the proposed study unit, which consisted of (24) items. The results of the study revealed that the effect of
... Show MoreThis study is due to insufficient development of the issues of initial training in tennis at youthful (student) age. Objective: development of a methodological and scientific-methodological base of students' tennis with current trends in tennis. Summing up the best practices of modern tennis, we came to the conclusion that the formation of the art of reflection backhands in teaching beginner students of sports specialization to achieve future success. In modern conditions in the development of Russian tennis student opens the possibility of using new technologies and programs. Using these approaches, we have developed a training program and tested students' tennis in the pedagogical experiment, which resulted in its effectiveness.
This paper discuses the mindset contribution of the organization Science in organizational effectiveness (OE), and the most valuable thoughts they introduced in this subject, starting from the pre- classical era, through classical era to present time. This paper has identified the main contribution in OE. The concept of OE didn’t arise until what had been introduced by Chester Barnard, although Max Weber mentioned this concept in his bureaucratic theory, but he didn’t explain it as Barnard does. After that no clear focus was pointed to this subject until Peter Drucker did so, which considered as the main participant in OE after Barnard. After that many researchers be interested in OE and they start studying this subject like
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This research is a comparative jurisprudential study that focuses on Imam Al-Bayhaqi’s preferred opinions in his book Al-Khilafiyat (The Disagreements), the part of Al-Rida’a (Breastfeeding). It is considered one of the most important familial topics that is concerned with organizing the social relations in Islam, strengthens the family ties and that prevents the family disintegration due to the ignorance and lack in comprehending Sharia laws (Islam law) in all aspects. The study follows the inductive and descriptive method. It aims at examining the prohibition of marriage when breastfeeding takes place at the time of woman’s conversion to Islam or during her infidelity period. It further aims at verifying the prohibition
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Abstract:
The research aims to define the theoretical framework for corporate governance and its mechanisms and shed light on corporate governance in Iraq as well as the theoretical framework for the quality of financial reports and their relationship and the role of corporate governance in activating them. A commercial bank as a sample for the research, and a survey list was prepared to show the extent to which the research sample banks are committed to applying internal governance mechanisms. imposed on them by the local environment, which leads to improving the quality of financial reports for these banks.