يُعد التنمر ظاهرة إجتماعية قديمة موجودة في جميع المجتمعات سواء أكان المجتمع صناعيًا أم ناميًا، كما يُعد من المفاهيم الحديثة نسبيًا، وربما يرجع لحداثة الإعتراف به نوعًا من أنواع العنف فضلاعن ندرة الدراسات التي تناولته وعدم وجود معيار محدد لتحديد السلوك الذي يعد تنمرًا أم عابرًا، لقد بدأ الأهتمام بدراسة التنمر في سبعينات القرن الماضي وأصبح موضعًا يحضى بأهتمام العديد في مختلف البلدان، وفي عصرنا الحالي تطورت الظاهرة الإجرامية تطورًا ملحوظًا سواء في أسلوب إرتكابها أو مرتكبيها وكل ذلك يرجع إلى التقدم السريع في ثورة المعلومات والإتصالات، فظهرتْ الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني، وفي نطاق الجريمة الإلكترونية، أختلف الفقه والقضاء في تحديد مسؤولية مزود خدمة الإنترنت وفقًاً لطبعية عمله المتمثل بمدى الرقابة التي يقوم بها على المحتويات غير المشروعة التي تتم عبر الخدمة التي يقدمها في الجرائم الإلكترونية ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني Bullying is considered an ancient social phenomenon that has existed in all societies for a long time, whether the society was industrialized or developing. Recently, bullying was recognized as a form of violence. Additionally, the interest in studying bullying began in the seventies of the last century and became a topic of interest in many countries around the world. nowadays, the criminal phenomenon has developed remarkably, both in the way it is committed or its perpetrators, and all this is due to the rapid progress In the information and communication revolution, cybercrimes appeared, including the cyber-bullying crime In addition, Jurisprudence and the judiciary have differed in determining responsibility of the internet service provider according to the nature of its work, which is the extent of control it performs on the illegal content that is carried out through the service it provides in cybercrime, including the cyberbullying crime. Le harcèlement est un phénomène social ancien présent dans toutes les sociétés, qu'elles soient industrielles ou en développement. Il est également considéré comme un concept relativement moderne en raison de sa reconnaissance récente en tant que forme de violence, ainsi que de la rareté des études qui l'ont abordé et de l'absence du critère spécifique pour déterminer quel comportement est considéré comme du harcèlement ou toléré. L'intérêt, pour l'étude du harcèlement a commencé dans les années 70 du siècle dernier et est devenu un sujet d'intérêt pour de nombreuses personnes dans différents pays. De nos jours, le phénomène criminel s'est sensiblement développé, que ce soit dans sa manière de se produire ou chez ses auteurs, et cela est dû aux progrès rapides de la révolution de l'information et de la communication. Les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique, ont émergé dans le cadre de la cybercriminalité. Dans ce contexte, les juges et les autorités judiciaires ont divergé dans l'établissement de la responsabilité du fournisseur d'accès internet en fonction de la nature de son travail, qui consiste en l'étendue de son contrôle sur les contenus illégaux qui se produisent par le biais du service qu'il fournit dans les crimes électroniques, y compris le harcèlement électronique.
The present paper stresses the direct effect of the situational dimension termed as “reality” on the authors’ thoughts and attitudes. Every text is placed within a particular situation which has to be correctly identified by the translator as the first and the most important step for a good translation. Hence, the content of any word production reflects some part of reality. Comprehending any text includes comprehending the reality’s different dimensions as reflected in the text and, thus illuminating the connection of reality features.
Аннотация
Исследование под названием ((«Понимание реальности» средство полно
... Show MoreTraining has an effect on employees’ performances. Accordingly, the person who is responsible for employees’ development must figure out the most effective way to train and develop employees. Central Michigan University (CMU) has recognized the importance of providing appropriate training for employees who have a duty in advising students. The reason is that these employees have a significant impact on students’ educational performances. Thus, special attention to this category of employees is needed to improve advising quality. This research attempted to explore the impact of training on academic advising at CMU. Face-to-face interviews and online surveys were used as data collection tools for this study. The study scope c
... Show MoreAn anal fissure which does not heal with conservative measures as sits baths and laxatives is a chronic anal fissure. Physiologically, it is the high resting tone of the internal anal sphincter that chiefly interferes with the healing process of these fissures. Until now, the gold standard treatment modality is surgery, either digital anal dilatation or lateral sphincterotomy. However, concerns have been raised about the incidence of faecal incontinence after surgery. Therefore, pharmacological means to treat chronic anal fissures have been explored.A Medline and pub med database search from 1986-2012 was conducted to perform a literature search for articles relating to the non-surgical treatment of chronic anal fissure.Pharmacological s
... Show MoreLet R be a commutative ring with non-zero identity element. For two fixed positive integers m and n. A right R-module M is called fully (m,n) -stable relative to ideal A of , if for each n-generated submodule of Mm and R-homomorphism . In this paper we give some characterization theorems and properties of fully (m,n) -stable modules relative to an ideal A of . which generalize the results of fully stable modules relative to an ideal A of R.
In this study, a system of nonthermal plasma that was operated under atmospheric pressure and was powered by argon gas was employed. The particular plasma properties are affected by changes in the Ar gas flow ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 l/min, product by stream of the plasma jet that is utilized. By using the aforementioned method generated from AC and DC. After placing Ar gas as the cathode, which represents the negative pole, flows toward the anode, which is represented by a tiny metal plate of Zn measuring 6 × 1 cm2 in size, with a submerged part of 4 cm2 long, with both types of current employed having a high voltage of 13.5 kV and the frequency of AC was 30 kHz, we measured these variable parameters. It has been shown that when argon f
... Show MoreAbstract
This paper follows the growing interest and continuity of Islamic finance products worldwide, which has encouraged the formulation of financial institutions based on the concepts of Islamic Sharia in many countries of the world and is no longer limited to Islamic countries only, and Not exclusive to Muslims which is due to Islamic finance services and their ability to apply in non-Islamic societies, and perhaps what encouraged the development and progress of this industry Islamic history, which was attended by many different models With the development of trade's share between different countries as well as trips carried out by Muslims
... Show MoreThis research includes the use of an artificial intelligence algorithm, which is one of the algorithms of biological systems which is the algorithm of genetic regulatory networks (GRNs), which is a dynamic system for a group of variables representing space within time. To construct this biological system, we use (ODEs) and to analyze the stationarity of the model we use Euler's method. And through the factors that affect the process of gene expression in terms of inhibition and activation of the transcription process on DNA, we will use TF transcription factors. The current research aims to use the latest methods of the artificial intelligence algorithm. To apply Gene Regulation Networks (GRNs), we used a progr
... Show MoreThe national educational systems both in the Russian Federation and Iraq Republic have to adjust the training programs to duly prepare the pedagogical university students for the modern challenges and situations on the market of educational services. For success of the service, the education specialists have to fully mobilize their physical, mental and emotional resources and persistently advance their skills and knowledge using the relevant online education courses; practical research conferences; persistent self-education to master theoretical fundamentals of the modern physical education and sport service; and be active in trainings and competitions in their vocational individual game sports including badminton, table tennis and tennis.
... Show More