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Comparison of the effects of Methotrexate and Etanercept on RANKL and OPG as Bone Metabolism Biomarkers in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune diseasecharacterized by chronic inflammationthat affects joints and cartilage. Bone complications such asRA-relatedosteoporosis are one of the most extra-articular manifestations. Many inflammatory mediators are released during RA disease pathophysiology; these mediators stimulate osteoclast genesis of bone by direct effects on RANKL and OPG. The study aimedto measure RANKL, OPG in RA patients treated with Etanercept only and other groups treated with Methotrexate onlyat baseline and after three months to evaluate bone state. An observational case-control prospective study was done on 30 RA patients who received MTX, 30 RA patients who received ETN, and 30 healthy,age-matched control groups. The level of RANKL and OPG was measured at baseline and after three months of therapy by immunoenzymatically assay (ELISA). The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed usingthe statistical package for social science. The result demonstrated that RANKL level had a positive correlation with age and disease duration in contrast to OPG level showed a negative correlation with age and duration of disease. In the patients group treated with MTX at baseline, the RANKL level was significantly higher (181.336±65.583) than post-therapy (166.097±69.229), while the OPG level at baseline significantly lower (594.398±133.238) than post therapy (614.499±150.879). In ETN treated patients, the level of RANKL in baseline was significantly higher than (231.247±73.134) RANKL level post-therapy (200.363±76.807), while OPG level in baseline waslower (463.263±96.392) than post therapy (503.608±107.692). The study demonstrated in baseline RANKL/OPG ratio significant higher (0.4340±0.234) than post therapy (0.3690±0.222). All RA patients had or were at high risk for osteoporosis.Both Etanarcept and methotrexate produce insignificant differences on OPG and RANKL levels, in the same time this biomarkers are not good indicators for bone state.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 25 2019
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Viscosity and Density Studies of Drugs in Aqueous Solution and in Aqueous Threonine Solution at 298.15 K
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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Medical Sciences
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FRUCTOSE, ZINC AND COPPER LEVELS IN SEMINAL PLASMA IN FERTILE AND INFERTILE MEN
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Background: Human semen contains high concentrations of fructose, zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in bound and ionic forms for Zn and Cu. The presence of abnormal levels of fructose and those trace elements may affect spermatogenesis with regard to production, maturation, motility and fertilizing capacity of the spermatozoa.Objective: To evaluate the levels of fructose, Zn and Cu in seminal plasma in different groups of male infertility and to correlate their concentrations with various sperm parameters.Methods: The concentrations of fructose, Zn and Cu were measured in 114 semen samples from normozoospermic, oligozoospermic, astheno-zoospermic, and azoospermic men using the electrothermal-atomic absorption spectrometry for Zn and Cu determinatio

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 30 2018
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Viscosity and Density Studies of Drugs in Aqueous Solution and in Aqueous Threonine Solution at 298.15 K
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Viscosities (η) and densities (ρ) of atenolol and propranolol hydrochloride in water and in concentrations (0.05 M) and (0.1 M) aqueous solution of threonine have been used to reform different important thermodynamic parameters like apparent molal volumes fv partial molal volumes at infinite dilution fvo , transfer volume fvo (tr), the slop Sv , Gibbs free energy of activation for viscous flow of solution ΔG*1,2 and the B-coefficient have been calculated using Jones-Dole equation. These thermodynamic parameters have been predicted in terms of solute-solute and solute-solvent interaction.

Publication Date
Sun Jan 19 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Effect flexibility of the Strategic human resources in improvement operational performance: "Survey study of views of a sample of managers, engineers and technicians in the Baghdad south 2/Station directorate of Electricity"
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The research attempts to diagnose the level of the effect of human resources flexibility (employees skills flexibility, employees behaviors flexibility, and human resource practice flexibility) in the south al-rusafa directorate of a power  station one of the formations and the Ministry of Electricity, and impact of a range of variables related to the performance operational, namely, (efficiency, effectiveness)recognizing the importance of the subjects studied,& because of the importance of expected results of the field under consideration,researcher selected a sample of size (121) engineers and technicians of workers in the directorate. Was my hypotheses the major search of a relationship and impact between human resources flex

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Integration Building Information Modeling and Lean Construction Technologies in the Iraqi Construction Sector: Benefits and Constraints
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Construction (LC) are two quickly growing applied research areas in construction management. This study focuses on identifying the most essential benefits and analyzing the most affecting constraints on the construction sector that construction players face as they attempt to combine BIM-LC in Iraqi construction. Experts assessed 30 benefits and 28 constraints from examining the previous literature, and a two-round Delphi survey formed the responses. Expert consensus analysis was utilized to elaborate and validate responses after descriptive statistical checks had been used for data processing.

According to the study's findings, the benefits include ensuring the most ef

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 18 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Facilitating Tributaries (Supporters) in the Differences between Al Dhadhiya and Al Dhaiya": Dhadhiya and Al Dhaiya"
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   الضاد والظاء موطن تفرد العربية وفخرها ، الفت فيهما العشرات والعشرات من المصنفات الثرّة لكثرة ذرائع تلابسهما والخلط بينهما ، فهما متشابهان في هيكل البناء ، وإخراجهما متداخل على اللسان ، وألفاظهما متناظرة برحابة في الإملاء ، فضلاعن  اشكالهما  إلى حدّ الآن ، مما حثني على التفكير في وسائل تسهل المطروح وتمد جسراً بين أجزائه عسى أن تدنو قطافه في دفع الشبهة ومواراتها ، فتحصلت لي امور ادرتها بكلمتين مف

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth in Iraq after 2003(reality and ambition)
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Foreign direct investment is considered one of important bases to blind economy for many. Countries as if the main stage for developing national economy ,so for this ,many of countries give great prominence to the role of drivel foreign investment due to its importance as one of economic growth pillars in the developing countries. They offer a support for modern technology, organizational and managerial skills.        

  Dneto the importance of direct foreign investment on the economic growth, today, we discover that Iraq in need to rebnlid the in frastructuve and renew what has been destroyed during was in many production and export institutions . as wel

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Teaching methods approved in the university and its relationship to classroom discipline and management proposals treated
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The study aims detection teaching modalities adopted relationship in Jerash University exactly the classroom, and to achieve the goal of the study was to develop a questionnaire consisting of (39) items, and was achieving validity and reliability have, then sent to a sample of professors made up the university from (122) university professor of the total (172) professor, and they study population.

     Study found a relationship between the teaching methods of the four their strategies with classroom management, and as a result the overall average level, while Hspt critical thinking at the highest correlation with classroom discipline management relationship strategy, while the relatio

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Risk measurement and its role in preparing the target cash flow statement and rationalizing administrative decisions
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Abstract :

The Aims of this research is to describe the concept of risk, its type and method of measurement, and to clarify the impact of these risks on the expected cash flow statement and the preparation of the target cash flow statement that takes these risks into consideration. Because the local economic environment is exposed to many risks, Therefore, this list will be predictive, which will help the economic unit to make administrative decisions, especially decisions related to operational, investment and financing activities. Therefore, the research problem is based on the fact that most of the local economic units are the list of flows According to the actual basis and not according to the discretionary basis (bud

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Educational Purports concluded from Verse No. 22 of Azzaryiat Surra/“And in the heaven is your provision, and that which you are promised”
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This research investigates the meanings and significance of the verse and the concluded educational purports. The expression “And in the heaven is your provision” signifies the deism of Allah. This research introduces the what have been said by Quran Explainers about meaning of Heaven & Provision. It introduces also the meaning of the sentence “which you are promised” and its concluded educational purports. This research discuses the role of educational institutions as well as the family and mosques in connecting Muslims and their children with the promise given by Allah.

Provision is guaranteed for all people if moral and material causes have been considered.

Key Words:

Purports – Educational – Co

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