Both traditional and novel techniques were employed in this work for magnetic shielding evaluation to shed new light on the magnetic and aromaticity properties of benzene and 12 [n]paracyclophanes with n = 3–14. Density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP functional and all-electron Jorge-ATZP and x2c-TZVPPall-s basis sets was utilized for geometry optimization and magnetic shielding calculations, respectively. Additionally, the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set was incorporated for the purpose of comparing the magnetic shielding results. In addition to traditional evaluations such as NICS/NICSzz-Scan, and 2D-3D σiso(r)/σzz(r) maps, two new techniques were implemented: bendable grids (BGs) and cylindrical grids (CGs) of ghost atoms (Bqs). BGs allow for the recording of magnetic shielding from the bent ring levels of [n]pCPs, while CGs provide tubular magnetic shielding scan (TMSS) maps detailing the magnetic shielding from a cylindrical region above and below the ring frame. Our findings suggest that smaller [n]pCPs with n < 6 exhibit deviations in the magnetic shielding above and below the ring, indicating a broken electron delocalization under the ring. In contrast, larger [n]pCPs tend to behave similarly to benzene in terms of magnetic shielding. Moreover, we found that shorter polymethylene chains of [n]pCPs exhibit significantly higher magnetic shielding interactions with the ring. Both of the above techniques offer new and promising tools for characterizing nonplanar aromatic compounds, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of their magnetic and electronic properties.
The present study introduces description of a new species of class Ostracoda genus Hemicypris Sars, 1903. External morphological characters particularly shape, size and structure of left and right valves of carapace and body appendages were discussed and illustrated. Locality and date of collection were given.
Based on the assumption that the more teachers know about brain science, the better
prepared they will be to make instructional decisions.
Mind Mapping is a powerful tool for assisting any form of writing. Language is an
important device and a very beneficial means for human being to communicate with other
people .Writing is one of the language skills that will never be left in education.
The study aims at investigating the Impact of applying mind mapping technique as a prewriting
tool on Iraqi EFL college students in essay writing. To do so, 60 EFL college students
were divided randomly selected and divided into two groups experimental and control. Prior
to treatment, participants of the both groups were given a
The aim of this paper is to obtain a set of traveling wave solutions for klein –Gorden equation with kerr law non-linearity. More precisely, we apply a new path of popularized homogeneous balance (HB) method in terms of using linear auxiliary equations to find the results of non-linear klein-Gorden equation, which is a fundamental approach to determine competent solutions. The solutions are achieved as the integration of exponential, hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational functions. Besides, some of the solutions are demonstrated by the3D graphics.
Abstract. In this work, Bi2O3 was deposited as a thin film of different thickness (400, 500, and 600 ±20 nm) by using thermal oxidation at 573 K with ambient oxygen of evaporated bismuth (Bi) thin films in a vacuum on glass substrate and on Si wafer to produce n-Bi2O3/p-Si heterojunction. The effect of thickness on the structural, electrical, surface and optical properties of Bi2O3 thin films was studied. XRD analysis reveals that all the as deposited Bi2O3 films show polycrystalline tetragonal structure, with preferential orientation in the (201) direction, without any change in structure due to increase of film thickness. AFM and SEM images are used to investigate the influences of film thickness on surface properties. The optical measur
... Show MoreThe aim of this scientific paper is to highlight the effective role of women working in economic development, especially those working in the entrepreneurial sector, which we see as encouraging at the macro-economic level and at the personal level, by highlighting their potential to help them enter the private labour market, value them and empower their role in the economic arena in order to win this bet to become productive and effective workers at all levels.
Through this paper, we will try to highlight the role of Algerian women's contribution to economic development through access to the world of entrepreneurship, and we will also try to find statistics on their success levels at the local and interna
... Show MoreAbstract
This Research aims for harnessing critical and innovative thinking approaches besides innovative problem solving tools in pursuing continual quality improvement initiatives for the benefit of achieving operations results effectively in water treatment plants in Baghdad Water Authority. Case study has been used in fulfilling this research in the sadr city water treatment plant, which was chosen as a study sample as it facilitates describing and analyzing its current operational situation, collecting and analyzing its own data, in order to get its own desired improvement opportunity be done. Many statistical means and visual thinking promoting methods has been used to fulfill research task.
... Show MoreTechnique was used to retail for analyzing atom beryllium ion cathode of an atom lithium to six pairs of functions wave which two ?????? and the rest of the casing moderation and to analyze atom lithium ion Mob atom beryllium to three pairs of functions wave pair of casing and the rest of the casing moderation using function wave Hartree Fock and each casing email wascalculate expected values ??....