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Factors influencing the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi public healthcare settings†
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

Medication safety and effectiveness can be improved through interprofessional collaboration. The goals of this study were to measure the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi governmental healthcare settings and to investigate factors influencing this collaboration.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Najaf Province using the Collaborative Working Relationship Model and Physician–Pharmacist Collaborative Instrument (PPCI). Four pharmacists distributed paper surveys with a 7-point Likert scale to a convenience sample of physicians and pharmacists working in seven public hospitals and two outpatient clinics. The questionnaire (in English) covered individual (demographics, practising years and academic affiliation), context (practice setting) and PPCI characteristics (trustworthiness, role specification and relationship initiation) in addition to collaborative care items: one for pharmacists and one for physicians. Separate multiple regressions were used to assess the association of the factors with collaborative care for physicians and for pharmacists.

Key findings

Seventy-seven physicians and 86 pharmacists returned usable surveys (81.5% response rate). The majority of physicians were male (84%), while the majority of pharmacists were female (58%). The mean age of the physicians was (37.99 years) older than that of the pharmacists (30.35 years). The physicians had a longer period of practice (11.32 years) than pharmacists (5.45 years). Most (90%) of the providers were practising in hospitals. Pharmacist academic affiliation was significantly associated with collaborative care. The pharmacist and physician regressions indicated significant (P &lt; 0.05) associations between collaborative care and two PPCI domains (role specification and relationship initiation for physicians; role specification and trustworthiness for pharmacists).

Conclusions

This study focused on physician–pharmacist collaboration within hospitals, and it was the first study measuring interprofessional collaboration in Iraq. The results showed there is physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi hospitals and exchange characteristics had significant influence on this collaboration.

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 24 2020
Journal Name
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Comorbidity and Risk Factors for COVID-19 Confirmed Patients in Wasit Province, IRAQ
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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is
one of the updated challenges facing the whole world.
Objective: To identify the characteristics risk factors that
present in humans to be more liable to get an infection
than others.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for
positively confirmed 35 patients with polymerase chain
reaction in Wasit province at AL-Zahraa Teaching
Hospital from the period of March 13th till April 20th. All
of them full a questionnaire regarded by risk factors and
other comorbidities. Data were analyzed by SPSS version
23 using frequency tables and percentage. For numerical
data, the median, and interquartile range (IQR) were used.
Differences between categoric

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Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Jan 11 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Proton momentum distributions and elastic electron scattering form factors for some Ge isotopes
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The proton momentum distributions (PMD) and the elastic
electron scattering form factors F(q) of the ground state for some
even mass nuclei in the 2p-1f shell for 70Ge, 72Ge, 74Ge and 76Ge are
calculated by using the Coherent Density Fluctuation Model (CDFM)
and expressed in terms of the fluctuation function (weight function)
|F(x)|2. The fluctuation function has been related to the charge
density distribution (CDD) of the nuclei and determined from the
theory and experiment. The property of the long-tail behavior at high
momentum region of the proton momentum distribution has been
obtained by both the theoretical and experimental fluctuation
functions. The calculated form factors F (q) of all nuclei under s

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Surgical –Audit on breast cancer risk factors in AL-Russafa district in Baghdad
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Background: Breast cancer remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality, there is a need for continued efforts to understand the etiology of the disease, maintain screening effort, implement prevention strategies, and develop better treatments.Objective: To analyze the risk factors, improve early detection and prevention of breast cancer in Al-Russafa district- Baghdad, aiming to increase survival rate and improve the quality of life.Methods: A cross sectional audit of 258 breast cancer cases seen at Al-Elwiya maternity teaching hospital from January2009 to December 2011,data collected from patients files were: age, gender , residency, marital status, parity, age at menarche and menopause age at first live birth, hormonal therap

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Medico-legal Update 2020 Vol. 20 (1
Risk Factors for Congenital Anomalies in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Baghdad City
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Scopus (7)
Scopus
Publication Date
Sun Feb 17 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Nucleon momentum distributions and elastic electron scattering form factors for 58Ni, 60Ni, 62Ni, and 64Ni isotopes using the framework of coherent fluctuation model
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The nucleon momentum distributions (NMD) and elastic electron scattering form factors of the ground state for some 1f-2p-shell nuclei, such as 58Ni, 60Ni, 62Ni, and 64Ni
isotopes have been calculated in the framework of the coherent fluctuation model (CFM) and expressed in terms of the weight function lf(x)l2 . The weight function (fluctuation function) has been related to the nucleon density distribution (NDD) of the nuclei and determined from the theory and experiment. The NDD is derived from a simple method based on the use of the single particle wave functions of the harmonic oscillator potential and the occupation numbers of the states. The feature of the l

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 15 2021
Journal Name
Palarch's Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/egyptology
Belief and practice in the teaching of pronunciation in the Iraqi EFL context
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Publication Date
Tue Apr 19 2022
Journal Name
Ishraqat Tanmawia
The reality of the divorce problem in Iraqi society Reasons, solutions and results
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Praise be to God, who created people from one soul, and made her husband, and prayers and peace be upon His Messenger, Mercy given and the grace given, and on a machine and companions pure. Divorce cases have increased in recent years in a worrying manner, especially since divorce has unforeseen consequences at the individual and social levels. The source of concern stems from the fact that the cohesion and integrity of society starts from a family as it is the cornerstone of the social structure, which is the foundation upon which the large society is based. Marital life may suffer from problems and obstacles that are difficult to solve, so the man presents the divorce of his wife and that the phenomenon of divorce is not a result of it, b

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2023
Journal Name
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The Impact of Harold Pinter’s Drama Upon the Iraqi Theatre: A Case Study
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THE IMPACT OF BRITISH THEATER UPON IRAQI DRAMA

Publication Date
Tue May 12 2026
Journal Name
International Journal Of Health &amp; Medical Research
Histomorphological Study of the Spleen in the Iraqi Pin-Tailed Sandgrouse (Pterocles Alchata)
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This study was conducted with the Iraqi Pin-tailed Sandgrouse (Pterocles alchata). For this purpose, five adult birds weighing between 195–250 g were dissected and the spleen was removed. The organs were placed in 0.9% normal saline and fixed in 10% formalin and then preserved in 70% alcohol. Histological sections were prepared using the paraffin wax method, which involves several steps: Dehydration, clarification and embedding. The present results show that the spleen is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue containing collagen fibres and smooth muscle. A series of connective tissue trabeculae extend from this capsule and penetrate the parenchyma of the spleen. The parenchyma consists of two main regions: the white pulp an

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Publication Date
Mon May 27 2024
Journal Name
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The Liability of Maritime Carrier under the Iraqi Transport Law and International Conventions
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Everywhere carriers incur a measure of liability for the safety of the goods. Carriers are liable for any damage or for the loss of the goods that are in their possession as carriers unless they prove that the damage or loss is attributable to certain excepted causes. Damaged and lost items can unfortunately be a common problem when shipping freight. Legal responsibilities arise due to loss or damage during transit while cargo is in their care. This study intends to investigate the nature of the liability of the maritime carrier when this liability is realized, and the extent to which it can be paid or disposed of given the risks realized from the transportation process, which may result in damage or loss of the goods, and the damag

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