Understanding of in-situ stress profiles and orientations plays a vital role in designing a successful hydraulic fracturing treatment. This paper is an attempet to examine the effect of lithology and in situ stress on geometery of hydraulic fractures. A hydraulic fracturing design simulator software called FracproPT with various capabilities for designing most of hydraulic fracture was used for  simulate and optimize the hydraulic fracturing. For studying purpose,  three different cases of stress gradient contrast between different formations  are considered in this study (0.4, 0.5 and 0.75 psi/ft). The results obtained from the simulator showed that  lithologies surrounding the pay zone have an effect on the fracture

Between October and December 2018, 27wounds and burn swab specimens were collected by laboratories at Al-Yarmook hospital, and cultured on Mannitol salt agar. the isolate was subjected to Nd: YAG laser in different power (400mJ, 500mJ, 800mJ and 900mJ). In general the laser showed effect on bacterial growth that reach to complete killing, the statistical analysis showed that there is weak correlation between laser at 400mJ with killed percentage. While in 500mJ its exhibit complete correlation with killing percentage, this correlation was decreased with increasing in power to 800mJ and 900Mj.

Bentonite is widely used in industrial applications. The present study reports the effect of adding different weights of ZnO to the Iraqi bentonite, on surface area, pore volume and real density. These surface properties were evaluated for pure and modified bentonite. The modification was made by adding different ZnO weights such as; ( 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10% ). The effect of heat exposing for all modified clay samples at 500 ?C have been also evaluated. The results show that the addition of 0.5% ZnO leads to increase the surface area percentage about 36%, increase pore volume percentage about 5.48% and increase the real density percentage about 27.116%. When the samples exposed to 500 ?C, their surface area and pore volumes have been decreased a

The presentwork is a theoretical study in the field of charged particle optics. It concentrates on the design of electrostatic enzil lens for focusing charge particles beams, using inverse method in designingthe electrostatic lens. The paraxial ray equation was solved to obtain the trajectory of the particles, the optical properties such as the focal length and spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients were determined. The shape of the electrode of the electrostatic lens were determined by solving poison equation and the results showed low values of spherical and chromatic aberrations, which are considered as good criteria for good design.

Forty eight isolates (41.02%) were obtained from 117 wound and burn samples. The isolates that showed high resistance for both antibiotic was two only that represent 4,1% from all isolates. The result of PCR product electrophoresis was referred that the gene is VIM gene. Lactose and raffinose showed double increasing in diameter of inhibition zone of imipenem with 1% that mean showed highest susceptibility that decreased with the concentration increasing, the same result were with meropenem. But no effect were detected on meropenem inhibition zone diameter. Mannose have no effect on the resistance in 1%, 3% and 7%. Results showed that only three case that increase the expression of gene, they were lactose at 1% concentration that increased

n this work, the effect of gamma rays on blood thinning drugs was studied using the drug (Aspirin), where gamma rays were spread with the drug using a radioactive source (Co60), and 15,000 grams of Aspirin were placed in the device (gamma chamber 900). The drug was subjected to different irradiation doses (5 KGy, 10 KGy, 15 KGy) and the amount of absorption of the drug was observed in the gamma for different doses and the study of x-rays. After confirming the absorption of the drug to radiation, the effect of the drug on blood thinning was calculated using the rat model and compared with the same drug and the same dose but without exposing the drug to radiation and comparing all results with the control group. The way drugs absorbed radiati

This paper studies the effects of stiffeners on shear lag in steel box girders with stiffened flanges. A three-dimensional linear finite element analysis using STAAD.Pro V8i program has been employed to evaluate and determine the actual top flange stress distribution and effective width in steel box girders. The steel plates of the flanges and webs have been modeled by four-node isoparametric shell elements, while the stiffeners have been modeled as beam elements. Different numbers (4, 8, and 15) for the steel stiffeners have been used in this study to establish their effects on the shear lag and longitudinal stresses in the flange. Using stiffeners reduced the magnitude of the top flange longitudinal stresses about 40%, but did