في عالمنا الحالي الذي أصبح أصغر بواسطة التكنولوجيا، ولدت معه مشاكل العصر الجديد. مملا شك فيه أن التكنولوجيا لها فوائد كثيرة الإ أن لها جانبا سلبيا. إذ مكنت الجناة من تطوير أساليب إرتكاب الجريمة ومنها جريمة التنمر الإلكتروني التي أدت إلى إساءة استخدام تكنولوجيا المعلومات بقصد مضايقة الآخرين وإنتهاك خصوصياتهم والتلاعب بهم ومضايقتهم فضلا عن تشويه سمعتهم. تعد هذه الأعمال العدائية مدمرة بشكل خطير ويمكن أن تؤثر على أي شخص بسهولة وخطورة. وتعد وسائل التواصل الإجتماعي والمنتديات العامة ومواقع المعلومات الأخرى عبر الإنترنت بيئة خصبة لها، كما أن جاني الجريمة ليس بالضرورة ان يكون غريبا بل قد يكون شخصا تعرفه الضحية. في ظل تنامي هذه الجرائم، تعاني الكثير من التشريعات المحلية والأجنبية من ندرة وجود قوانين فعالة لمعالجة هذه الجريمة ومكافحة تناميها او حتى آلية الوقاية منها، إذ مازال القضاء يعالجها ضمن النصوص العقابية التقليدية في كثير من الدول، ومن هنا انطلقنا من بحثنا المتواضع لبيان الجريمة وبيان وسائل إرتكابها وكيفة معالجتها في القانون الجنائي المحلي والمقارن.
The organizational change management, follows the approach to the transfer or transmission of the individual, or team, or the organization of the current case to the case of a future planned. It is an organizational process aimed at helping stakeholders to accept and then the changes in their business environment. And job satisfaction can be defined as the individual's sense of happiness and satisfaction during the performance of his work and achieved compatibility between what the individual expects from his work and how much it actually gets in this work, and job satisfaction is to pay the individual components of the work and production. Through the concepts above chose researcher on the title search g
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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causes permanent morbidity, premature mortality and great burden to the healthcare system. Smoking is it's most common risk factor and Spirometry is for diagnosing COPD and monitoring its progression.
Objectives: Early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in symptomatic smokers’ ≥ 40years by spirometry.
Methods: A cross sectional study on all symptomatic smokers aged ≥ 40 years attending ten PHCCs in Baghdad Alkarkh and Alrisafa. Those whose FEV1/FVC was <70% on spirometry; after giving bronchodilator, were considered COPD +ve.
Results: Overall, airway obstruction was seen in
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The interest of many companies has become dealing with the tools and methods that reduce the costs as one of the most important factors of successful companies, and became the subject of the attention of many economic units because of the impact on the profits of company, and since the nineties of the last century the researchers and writers gave great attention to this subject, especially in light of the large competition and rapid developments in cost management techniques, as well as the wide and significant change in production methods that have been directed towards achieving customer satisfaction, all this and more driven by economic units in all sectors whether it is service or productivity to find methods that would reduc
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