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A COMPARISON BETWEEN SOME HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING TECHNIQUES
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In this paper, some commonly used hierarchical cluster techniques have been compared. A comparison was made between the agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique and the k-means technique, which includes the k-mean technique, the variant K-means technique, and the bisecting K-means, although the hierarchical cluster technique is considered to be one of the best clustering methods. It has a limited usage due to the time complexity. The results, which are calculated based on the analysis of the characteristics of the cluster algorithms and the nature of the data, showed that the bisecting K-means technique is the best compared to the rest of the other methods used.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The feasibility of re-enacting the Export Support Fund Act in Iraq
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Economists agree upon the importance of exports and their positive impacts on the economic variables. Therefore، they studied policies encouraging exports and set out the instrumentalities supporting them. These instrumentalities included a combination of fiscal، monetary، commercial، production policies like the tax policy that is encouraging to the exports، exchange rates reduction، establishing commercial free zones، better production quality، fostering investment climate، and preparation of the necessary financing before the exporting process and afterwards.

This research is interested in the finding aspect amongst the instrumentalities encouraging exports which is parallel t

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 11 2021
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch
Diagnostic study of candidiasis in the mouth, urine and vagina of diabetic and healthy people
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A study that collected 240 samples and divided into two groups: the first 120 samples were for diabetics and the second 120 samples were for healthy people, and each group included (90, 20.10) samples from the mouth, urine and vagina respectively, The results showed positive (28.67, 4.00, 1.67) isolates of Candida. In the mouth, urine and vagina, respectively, of diabetic patients compared to (9.33, 2.33, 5.00) positive isolates in the mouth, urine and vagina, respectively, in the healthy. The rate of positive isolates in women was high in women with diabetes and healthy, and it reached 25.33 and 9.00 isolates, respectively, compared with the rate of isolates in men with Candida disease for diabetic patients and healthy people 14.67 and 2.0

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Inclusive leadership in the General Secretariat for the Council of Ministers - An analytical research
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The current research aims to evaluate the level of inclusive leadership within the General Secretariat for the Council of Ministers, and its role in achieving integration in work through the need to improve relationships between different administrative levels, facilitate participation, expression of opinions, and belonging to the organization. In order to achieve the research objective, the descriptive analytical statistical method was chosen using the SPSS V.25 programs, with various statistical methods and measures, including mean, standard deviation, variance coefficient, relative importance, and simple regression, through a questionnaire tool for data collection. The research community included the leadership in the sample of resear

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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Analytical Study of Mathematics Textbooks in the Basic Education Stage in the Sultanate of Oman According to NCTM Standards
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The present study aimed to identify the availability of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards in the content of mathematics textbooks at the basic education stage in the Sultanate of Oman. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach, adopting the method of content analysis through using a content analysis tool that included (43) indicators distributed on the four NCTM standards related to the field of geometry, after verifying their validity and reliability. The study population consisted of mathematics textbooks (first and second semesters) for ninth-grade students in the Sultanate of Oman in the academic year 2018/2019, while the sample consisted of Geometry units in the content of those books, which a

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 29 2016
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Proposal for Exchange Text message Based on Image
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     The messages are ancient method to exchange information between peoples. It had many ways to send it with some security.

    Encryption and steganography was oldest ways to message security, but there are still many problems in key generation, key distribution, suitable cover image and others. In this paper we present proposed algorithm to exchange security message without any encryption, or image as cover to hidden. Our proposed algorithm depends on two copies of the same collection images set (CIS), one in sender side and other in receiver side which always exchange message between them.

      To send any message text the sender converts message to ASCII c

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 13 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Performance Enhancement of the South Baghdad Thermal Station
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Aim of the research is the study of improving the performance of the thermal station south Baghdad and the main reasons for reduced its efficiency. South Baghdad power planet comprises (6) steam turbine units and (18) gas turbine units .The gas turbine units are composed of two groups: the first group is made up of gas units (1,2), each of capacity (123) MW. The design efficiency of gas turbine units is 32%. The actual efficiency data of steam units is 18.3% instead of 45% which is the design efficiency. The main reason for efficiency reduction of gas units is the rejected thermal energy with the exhaust gases to atmosphere, that are (450-510) ℃.The bad type of fuel used (heavy) fuel. Another reason for the low efficiency and has a neg

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 21 2024
Journal Name
Nauchi From
METAPHORICAL APPROACH TO DESCRIBING THE MAIN CHARACTER IN THE NOVEL OF THE RUSSIAN WRITER L. ULITSKAYA "SINCERELY YOUR SHURIK": MEANING AND INFLUENCE
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The article reflects the results of the analysis of the use of metaphors as one of the main means used by Lyudmila Ulitskaya when writing the novel “Sincerely Yours Shurik” to form the image of the main hero in the novel. The main purpose of the article is to consider metaphors, which helped the author to form the image of the main character Shurik in the text space through the stages of his life path, closely related to the people around him, who is always happy to be useful (hence the title "Sincerely Yours"), among which the female images of his relatives, girlfriends and others stand out as a special layer in the narrative. And in the course of the study, the following tasks were solved: the metaphors that make up the image of the

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Wastewater Bio-solids Management for Fertilizer Quality Using Co- composting Process
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Co-composting process can be acquired by combining organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with sewage sludge (SS) and mature compost (MC) as enhancement and bulking agent to overcome the problems of municipal solid waste and wastewater treatment plants besides the finally produced fertilizer usage for agriculture and horticulture. The effects of different mixture ratios of (OFMSW), (SS) and (MC) on the performance of composting process were investigated in this study. Piles of about 10 kg were prepared by mixing OFMSW, SS and MC in three different ratios (w/w) [OFMSW: SS: MC= 3:1:1, 3:2:1, and 3:3:1]. Results showed that the pile [3:1:1] was most beneficial to composting. The final compost products contained a

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 31 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The Terrorist Project in Terms of the Agreement
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Terrorist crime is considered a serious act that outweighs all other crimes in terms of impact and result, because it has a wide range on societies, and it also contains a great thing of danger represented in its purpose, and here describing terrorism as a crime is a description that does not give the full right to this behavior or that it It abbreviates it and does not show its actual reality, given that terrorism contains several different crimes and the roles of its contributors, and these roles are necessary to reach the result or the end. In which each episode is complementary to the other, it is not a single act, but rather several joint and complex actions that in turn all lead to the result, and the agreement in the terrorist pro

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ij
Mathematical Models for Predicting of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants in Diyala River Using AnalysisNeural Network
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Diyala river is the most important tributaries in Iraq, this river suffering from pollution, therefore, this research aimed to predict organic pollutants that represented by biological oxygen demand BOD, and inorganic pollutants that represented by total dissolved solids TDS for Diyala river in Iraq, the data used in this research were collected for the period from 2011-2016 for the last station in the river known as D17, before the river meeting Tigris river in Baghdad city. Analysis Neural Network ANN was used in order to find the mathematical models, the parameters used to predict BOD were seven parameters EC, Alk, Cl, K, TH, NO3, DO, after removing the less importance parameters. While the parameters that used to predict TDS were fourte

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