Let  be a module over a commutative ring  with identity. Before studying the concept of the Strongly Pseudo Nearly Semi-2-Absorbing submodule, we need to mention the ideal  and the basics that you need to study the  concept of the Strongly Pseudo Nearly Semi-2-Absorbing submodule. Also, we introduce several characteristics of the Strongly Pseudo Nearly Semi-2-Absorbing submodule in classes of multiplication modules and other types of modules. We also had no luck because the ideal  is not a Strongly Pseudo Nearly Semi-2-Absorbing ideal. Also, it is noted that  is the Strongly Pseudo Nearly Semi-2-Absorbing ideal under several conditions, which is this faithful module, projective module, Z-regular module and content module and non-si

The duo module plays an important role in the module theory. Many researchers generalized this concept such as Ozcan AC, Hadi IMA and Ahmed MA. It is known that in a duo module, every submodule is fully invariant. This paper used the class of St-closed submodules to work out a module with the feature that all St-closed submodules are fully invariant. Such a module is called an Stc-duo module. This class of modules contains the duo module properly as well as the CL-duo module which was introduced by Ahmed MA. The behaviour of this new kind of module was considered and studied in detail,for instance, the hereditary property of the St-duo module was investigated, as the result; under certain conditions, every St-cl

      Let S be a commutative ring with identity, and A is an S-module. This paper introduced an important concept, namely strongly maximal submodule. Some properties and many results were proved as well as the behavior of that concept with its localization was studied and shown.

The demand for single photon sources in quantum key distribution (QKD) systems has necessitated the use of weak coherent pulses (WCPs) characterized by a Poissonian distribution. Ensuring security against eavesdropping attacks requires keeping the mean photon number (µ) small and known to legitimate partners. However, accurately determining µ poses challenges due to discrepancies between theoretical calculations and practical implementation. This paper introduces two experiments. The first experiment involves theoretical calculations of µ using several filters to generate the WCPs. The second experiment utilizes a variable attenuator to generate the WCPs, and the value of µ was estimated from the photons detected by the BB

The main objective of this thesis is to study new concepts (up to our knowledge) which are P-rational submodules, P-polyform and fully polyform modules. We studied a special type of rational submodule, called the P-rational submodule. A submodule N of an R-module M is called P-rational (Simply, N≤_prM), if N is pure and Hom_R (M/N,E(M))=0 where E(M) is the injective hull of M. Many properties of the P-rational submodules were investigated, and various characteristics were given and discussed that are analogous to the results which are known in the concept of the rational submodule. We used a P-rational submodule to define a P-polyform module which is contained properly in the polyform module. An R-module M is called P-polyform if every es

The goal of this discussion is to study the twigged of pure-small (pr-small) sub- moduleof a module W as recirculation of a small sub-module, and we give some basic idiosyncrasy and instances of this kind of sub-module. Also, we give the acquaint of pure radical of a module W (pr-radical) with peculiarities.

     Let Ḿ be a unitary R-module and R is a commutative ring with identity. Our aim in this paper  to study the concepts T-ABSO fuzzy ideals, T-ABSO fuzzy submodules and T-ABSO quasi primary fuzzy submodules, also we discuss these concepts in the class of multiplication fuzzy modules and relationships between these concepts. Many new basic properties and characterizations on these concepts are given.

    The weak and strong forms are so called because it is not their lexical content that primary matter, but the role they have in the sentence. The problematic confusion, our students encounter, in recognizing and producing the correct pronunciation of weak and strong forms of the English function words is the main incentive behind conducting  this study. In order to gather the data, this paper used two types of tests: a recognition test and a production test. The general results reached  through the analysis of the students' answers seem to conform to the researcher's assumption: students face a critical problem in recognizing and producing correct pronunciation of the weak and strong forms of the English funct