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Pharmacy education and practice in Iraq: expanding roles, and fostering research
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objective

This narrative review provides updated insights into pharmacy education, research, and professional practice in Iraq.

Methods

Secondary data were collected from peer-reviewed literature via Google Scholar, government reports, and official records provided by the Syndicate of Iraqi Pharmacists between November and December 2025.

Key findings

Pharmacy education and practice in Iraq have grown significantly since 1936, with 71 programs now offered across public and private universities, where public institutions maintain competitive admission and private colleges provide broader access. The launch of the PharmD program in 2020 and curricular updates in 2025 aligned training with international standards, adding professional development, marketing, and hospital practice. National accreditation initiatives strengthened quality assurance, while postgraduate pathways, residency training, and the Clinical Pharmacy Board provide advanced specialization. Pharmacists serve in community pharmacies, hospitals, academia, industry, and regulatory bodies. By 2025, Iraq’s 15 Arab governorates registered 55 000 pharmacists (12 per 10 000 population), alongside 16 993 community pharmacies, 455 wholesalers, and 611 scientific bureaus. Workforce saturation has led to a government hiring freeze since 2024.

Conclusion

Despite rapid expansion, pharmacy sector faces workforce saturation and limited modernization of community services. Many pharmacists turn to pharmaceutical sales and marketing for better income, while hospital pharmacists support medication safety but remain restricted by systemic barriers. Academic pharmacists emphasize teaching, with research constrained by scarce resources. The pharmaceutical industry remains underdeveloped, requiring investment and reform. Overall, these trends reveal both progress and persistent challenges, highlighting the need for strategic planning to balance workforce supply, expand clinical roles, and strengthen industry capacity.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
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Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
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Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Analysis of the performance of the stock market in light of inflation : empirical research in the Iraqi Stock Exchange
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Abstract:

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
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The role of training in promote banking compliance monitor procedures: An applied research in a sample of Iraqi banks
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
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The impact of agricultura insuranc risk management in achieving the economic development: Applied research in the National Insurance Company
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Abstract                                                    

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 28 2026
Journal Name
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THE ROLE OF STRATEGIC AMBIGUITY IN BUILDING THE CUSTOMER’S MENTAL IMAGE: AN EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN THE NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
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Past Myocardial Infarctions and Gender Predict the LVEF Regardless of the Status of Coronary Collaterals: An AI-Informed Research. Open Access Maced …
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