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Improving the BURT’s Sensitivity using Noise Calibration Unit via Crab Nebula Observations
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Radio observations from astronomical sources like supernovae became one the most important sources of information about the physical properties of those objects. However, such radio observations are affected by various types of noise such as those from sky, background, receiver, and the system itself. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate or reduce these undesired noise from the signals in order to ensure accurate measurements and analysis of radio observations. One of the most commonly used methods for reducing the noise is to use a noise calibrator. In this study, the 3-m Baghdad University Radio Telescope (BURT) has been used to observe crab nebula with and without using a calibration unit in order to investigate its impact on the signal. Radio observations of crab nebula have been carried out for different periods in 2022. Several parameters of the telescope have been calculated and analyzed using statistical measurements with and without using the noise calibration unit. Those parameters are receiver gain, system temperature, antenna temperature, and degree per flux unit. The results of this research revealed that the fluctuation sensitivity of BURT improved by about an order of magnitude, when the noise calibration unit is used. The root mean square error and the radiometer equation of the antenna temperature decreased to less than 33% and 10%, respectively in comparison to their initial values. In conclusion, the noise calibration unit plays a crucial role to improve the sensitivity of a radio telescope drastically.

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Upgrading of Sharqy Baghdad Heavy Oil via N-Hexane Solvent
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   Asphaltenes are a solubility class described as a component of crude oil with undesired characteristics. In this study, Sharqy Baghdad heavy oil upgrading was achieved utilizing the solvent deasphalting approach as asphaltenes are insoluble in paraffinic solvents; they may be removed from heavy crude oil by adding N-Hexane as a solvent to create deasphalted oil (DAO)of higher quality. This method is known as Solvent De-asphalting (SDA). Different effects have been assessed for the SDA process, such as solvent to oil ratio (4-16/1 ml/g), the extraction temperature (23 ºC) room temperature and (68 ºC) reflux temperature at (0.5 h mixing time with 400 rpm mixing speed). The best solvent deasphalting results were obtained at room temp

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Investigation of Aluminum Arsenide Honeycomb Monolayer via Density Functional Theory
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    First principle calculations are performed to theoretically predict the physical properties of hexagonal aluminium arsenide planar and buckled monolayers. The structural characteristics showed that the buckled parameter is about 0.32 A°. Cohesive energies have favourable values and it indicates the fabrication possibility. Phonon dispersion properties indicated that the planar aluminium arsenic monolayers are dynamically unstable, while the buckled is less dynamically unstable. The elastic constant parameters achieved the required characteristics of stable hexagonal monolayer structures. The study of electronic band structure prefers to indirect semiconductor band gaps, and the density of states showed strong orbital hybridizati

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
An Approach to Generalized Extending Modules Via Ec-Closed Submodules
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In this article, we introduce a class of modules that is analogous of generalized extending modules. First  we define a module M to be a generalized ECS if and only if for each ec-closed submodule A of M, there exists a direct summand D of M such that  is singular, and then we locate generalized ECS between the other extending generalizations. After that we present some of characterizations of generalized ECS condition. Finally, we show that the direct sum of a generalized ECS need not be generalized ECS and deal with decompositions for be generalized ECS concept.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
New Results of Normed Approach Space Via β-Approach Structure
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      Researchers have identified and defined β- approach normed space if some conditions are  satisfied. In this work, we show that every approach normed space is a normed space.However, the converse is not necessarily true by giving an example. In addition, we define β – normed Banach space, and some examples are given. We also solve some problems. We discuss a finite β-dimensional app-normed space is β-complete and consequent Banach app- space. We explain that every approach normed space is a metric space, but the converse is not true by giving an example. We define β-complete and give some examples and propositions. If we have two normed vector spaces, then we get two properties that are equivalent. We also explain that

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 29 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Assay of Orphenadrine Citrate in Pharmaceuticals via Extraction-Spectrophotometric Method
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An extraction-spectrophotometric technique has been applied and approved for the estimation of orphenadrine citrate in the presence of paracetamol in a binary synthetic mixture and in combined drugs. The procedure is built on the formation of a soluble red colour orphenadrine citrate – eriochrom black T (EBT) ion pair complex at pH 1.40, while the paractamol not paired. The produced red colour ion-pair complex was extracted with chloroform and showed maximum absorption at 509 nm. For quantitative evaluation Beer’s law applied to plot the absorbance against concentration, the relation was a linear in the concentration range of 0.10-6.00 µg/ mL with the molar absorptivity 4.4025 x104 L / mol. cm. The limit of detection and

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 13 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Computer Assisted Immunohistochemical Score Prediction Via Simplified Image Acquisition Technique
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Background: techniques of image analysis have been used extensively to minimize interobserver variation of immunohistochemical scoring, yet; image acquisition procedures are often demanding, expensive and laborious. This study aims to assess the validity of image analysis to predict human observer’s score with a simplified image acquisition technique. Materials and methods: formalin fixed- paraffin embedded tissue sections for ameloblastomas and basal cell carcinomas were immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibodies to MMP-2 and MMP-9. The extent of antibody positivity was quantified using Imagej® based application on low power photomicrographs obtained with a conventional camera. Results of the software were employed

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 25 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Modified Simplex - Spectrophotometric Determination of Clonazepam via Charge-Transfer Complexation
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A simple, sensitive, accurate, and precise spectrophotometric method for the determination of clonazepam (CLNZ) was developed. The method is based on charge transfer reaction between CLNZ and p-Bromanil (p-Br) to form a colored complex. The optimum conditions of complex formation were investigated by (1). Unvariable method, for the optimization of reagent concentration, base concentration, temperature, and time. (2). Multivariable simplex method including the effect of three experimental factors via; reagent concentration, concentration of NaOH and time. The linearity range of CLNZ was (1-30) μg.mL-1 at 378 nm under condition established via simplex method with molar absorptivity (1.9069x104) L.

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 29 2024
Journal Name
Earth And Environmental Science
Refinement of Internal-Combustion Engine Oil Properties Via Magnetic Flux
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To verify the influence of magnetic flux on the characteristics of SAE 10W-30 gasoline engine oil when the engine oil is exposed to different magnetic fluxes 0, 6, 9, and 13 Volt. The following oil characteristics were measured: viscosity at 40 and 100 °C, and total acid number (TAN) mg KOH/g. The research was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment under the 5% probability level to compare the means of the treatments. The results of the experiment showed that there were significant differences in the studied properties when the engine oil was exposed to the above magnetic fluxes and, inversely, especially the magnetic flux of 13 Volt, which led to a decrease in the viscosity of the oils at

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Separation Axioms in Topological Ordered Spaces Via b-open Sets
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     This paper aims to define and study new separation axioms based on the b-open sets in topological ordered spaces, namely strong - -ordered spaces ( ). These new separation axioms are lying between strong -ordered spaces and - - spaces ( ). The implications of these new separation axioms among themselves and other existing types are studied, giving several examples and counterexamples. Also, several properties of these spaces are investigated; for example, we show that the property of strong - -ordered spaces ( ) is an inherited property under open subspaces.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
carcinogenicity of cadmium chloride via intraoeritoneal injection in albino rats
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Observed visually prominent lumps on the surface of the lung or embedded in lung tissue and microscopically Register Anfaj thrombosis with pulmonary carcinoma that took shape food or with the composition of the vesicles papillomavirus lining cells cubic vertical or connective tissue and increase

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