The international system that established the United Nations after the end of the Second World War witnessed many changes. These changes overshadowed the nature of the work of the international organization, especially its first and most important executive organ (the Security Council). This has sometimes weakened and dulled the Security Council's role in performing the tasks stipulated in the Charter of the Organization, which has led the Organization itself to work on reforms within it in general and to seek reforms in the Security Council in particular. Academic and advisory efforts were made to submit proposals for amendment to be reflected on the Council's performance effectiveness.

This paper describes the development of a simple spectrophotometric determination of bismuth III with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) in aqueous solution in the presence of cetypyridinium chloride surfactant at pH 5 which exhibits maximum absorption at 532 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over the range 5-200 µg/25 mL. i.e. 0.2-8 ppm with a molar absorptivity of 3×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity index of 0.0069 µg.cm-2. The method has been applied successfully in the determination of Bi (III) in waters and veterinary preparation.

The aim of this study is to highlight on the concept of joint arrangements and projects in accordance with IFRS 11, in addition, the study also focuses on accounting standards and IFRSs which are relevant to this standard.  With a description of the legislative and accounting challenges in the Iraqi environment facing the application of IFRS 11, as well as studying the reality of accounting in such economic activity of companies operating in this sector.

In order to achieve the study objectives, the researcher conducted a comparative analysis between IFRS 11 (Joint Arrangements) and the Iraqi Unified Accounting System, In the second step, IFRS 11 is applied to the Basrah Gas Company's (research sampl

The electrode in the microbial fuel cell has a significant effect on cell performance. The treatment of the electrode is a crucial step to make the electrode surface more habitable for bacteria growth, thus, increases the power production as well as waste treatment. In the current study, two graphite electrodes were treated by a microwave. The first electrode was treated with 100W microwave energy, while the second one was treated with 600W microwave energy. There is a significant enhancement in the surface of the graphite anode after the pretreatment process. The results show an increase in the power density from 10 mW/m² to 15 mW/m² with 100w treatment and to 13.47 mW/m² with 600w treatment. An organic

In this paper, an experimental study of the thermal performance for hybrid solar air conditioning system was carried out, to investigate system suitability for the hot climate in Iraq. The system consists of vapor compression unit combined with evacuated tube solar collector and liquid storage tank. A three-way valve was installed after the compressor to control the direction flow of the refrigerant, either to the storage tank or directly to the condenser. The performance parameters were collected by data logger to display and record in the computer by using LabVIEW software. The results show that the average coefficient of performance of hybrid solar air conditioning system (R=1) was about 2.42 to 2.77 and the average p