This study included synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a green method using AgNO3 solution with glucose exposed to microwave radiation. The prepared NPs were also characterized using ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The UV/vis spectroscopy confirmed the production of AgNPs, while SEM analysis showed that the typical spherical AgNPs were 30 nm and 50 nm in size for the NPs prepared using black tea (B) and green tea (G) as reducing agent, respectively. The changes in some of the biochemical parameters related to the liver and kidneys have been analyzed to evaluate the probable toxic effects of AgNPs. 40 adult male mice were included in this study. To assess the probable health effects of the prepared AgNPs, an experiment has been designed that includes 40 adult mice, and it was randomly divided into three groups as follows: Group I (C): The control group consisting of 10 animals was injected intraperitoneally with PBS for 15 days. Second (G): included 10 animals who were injected with 0.1 mL of (2) mg/kg (G) intraperitoneally for 15 days. Group B included 10 animals injected with 0.1 mL of (2 mg/kg) (B) solution intraperitoneally for 15 days. Changes in some biochemical parameters related to the liver and kidneys were analyzed to assess potential toxic effects on the function of these vital organs. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT)(IU/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (IU/L), and cholesterol (mg/dL) as parameters of liver function were analyzed, and the serum levels of uric acid, creatinine, and urea (mg/dL) were analyzed as parameters of kidney function. The results revealed that no significant changes occurred in organ weight in groups treated with AgNPs compared with the control. However, the results showed a significant increase in ALT enzyme level in the third group compared with its level in the control group. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in ALT level between the second group and the control. The level of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) enzyme was significantly increased in both groups (2 and 3) in comparison with its level in the control group. No significant differences were found in cholesterol levels between the groups. Also, there were no significant differences found in uric acid levels between the groups. At the same time, creatinine level increased significantly in group 2 (where the NPs prepared using Black tea as a reducing agent) compared to its level in the control group. Urea level increased significantly in both groups (2 and 3) in comparison with its level in the control group. We conclude that the submission to AgNPs causes toxicity in the liver and kidneys.
Objective: To suggest a weighted measure to diagnose the reasons for the low student success ratios in mathematics concerning the third grade of intermediate schools in light of components educational system represented by: [Students, Teachers, Curriculum, and Environmental reasons (others reasons)] assuming differentiated and interrelated components, Also the effectiveness forming of these components according to the gender variable. Methods: Data collection tools were prepared by constructing two questionnaires for each of (Students and Teachers), which included a number of items that involved some domains for studied components of educational system, which demonstrated a high level of validity and reliability in the pilot study, in addi
... Show MoreErratum for Organic acid concentration thresholds for ageing of carbonate minerals: Implications for CO2 trapping/storage.
It highlights the importance of research through its focus on the assessment of tax for settling accounts Mmakhr medicines and annual statement controls and its role in determining the taxable income of the real tax Mmakhr drugs and achieve tax equity through tax settling accounts. The tax authority relies annual controls laid down by the tax settling accounts for Mmakhr medicines despite their inclusion bookkeeping business No. 2 system for the year 1985 average .ually this basis formulated hypothesis (that the adoption of the tax authority on annual controls in the tax settling accounts for Mmakhr medicine does not contribute in determining income taxable real tax for this Almmakr). the resulting search for a number of conclusions and
... Show MoreObjective: To determine the ability of uVDBP to discern SRNS from steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) in Iraqi children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled children with SRNS (n=31) and SSNS (n=32) from the pediatric nephrology clinic of Babylon Hospital for Maternity and Pediatrics over three months. Patients' characteristics in terms of demographics, clinical data, and urinary investigations were collected. Quantitative analysis of uVDBP levels was undertaken via a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The median uVDBP values were significantly higher (p-value<0.001) in the SRNS group (median=10.26, IQR=5.91 μg/mL) than in the SSNS group (median=0.953, IQR=4.12 μg/mL). A negative correlati
... Show MoreBackground: Ultrasonography has been used to examine the thickness of the lower uterine segment in women with previous cesarean sections in an attempt to predict the risk of scar dehiscence during subsequent pregnancy. The predictive value of such measurement has not been adequately assessed. Objectives: To correlate lower uterine segment thickness measured by trans abdominal ultrasound in pregnant women with previous cesarean section with that measured during cesarean section by caliper and to find out minimum lower uterine segment thickness indicative of integrity of the scar.Methods: A prospective observational study at Elwyia Maternity Teaching Hospital, from January 2011 to January 2012. A total of 143 women were enrolled in the stu
... Show MoreThe aim of this work is study the partical distribution function g(r12,r1) for Carbon ion cases (C+2,C+3,C+4) in the position space using Hartree-Fock's Wave function, and the partitioning technique for each shell which is represented by Carbon Ions [C+2 (1s22s2)], [C+3 (1s22s)] and [C+4 (1s2)]. A comparision has been made among the three Carbon ions for each shell. A computer programs (MATHCAD ver. 2001i) has been used texcute the results.