Leishmaniasis has poor vaccination trials and the available drugs have side effects on patients. Therefore
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            development ofnew chemicals is important for public health. Miltefosine is the first drug used for oral treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.Previous studies approved that miltefosine is an effective treatment against visceral leishmaniasis
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            the visceral form ofLeishmania
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            and also on L. major
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            the cutaneous form of Leishmania. Here
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            we investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity ofmiltefosine on the procyclic promastigotes forms of L. major. Different concentrations of miltefosine were investigatedagainst the flagellated form of L. major
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            and results showed that miltefosine has inhibited the in vitro proliferation of theparasite
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            approving the cytotoxic effect of the compound on Leishmania
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                            EC50 was determined after 24 hours exposure forthe drug and it was 1.54 μM. Our findings indicate that miltefosine has a cytotoxic effect on the insect stage of the old worldL. major and can be a new anti-Leishmanial drug
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                        
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