Fourty three isolates ( 20.7%) characterized as Staphylococcus aureus , were isolated from 207 different clinical sources (blood , nose, , wound , urine , vaginal, ear and eye) in different percentages (30.23, 18.60, 16.28, 13.95, 15.15, 6.96 and 2.33 %), respectively. The staphyloxanthin (STX) production of S. aureus isolate was estimated 72.1% .The optimal conditions for pigment production by S. aureus AE36 , were detected and was noticed that the milk agar medium revealed the highest production of pigment which was estimated to be 165.21unit/cell, at pH 8 for 72 hr at 370C. The Staphyloxanthin pigment was extracted using methanol and was purified partially by organic solvents and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results revealed t

Background: coronavirus-19 disease recently emerged as a global pandemic affecting the respiratory system. However, during the course of the illness, the disease can directly or indirectly involve other body organs including the liver.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of hepatic involvement and its clinical significance in COVID-19 patients.

Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional single-center study was conducted on 112 patients who have an infection with Covid 19 (proved by polymerase chain reaction). Depending on infection severity, patients were categorized into three groups (according to the guidelines of the Chinese National Health Committee)

Background: Obesity is a worldwide challenge and is closely
connected to many metabolic diseases. Two types of
adipose tissue, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown
adipose tissue (BAT) have been identified. White fat cells
store chemical energy, brown adipocytes defend against
hypothermia, obesity and diabetes.
Objective: To localize and quantify brown adipocytes in
human subcutaneous (S) and visceral (V) adipose tissue by
histology and immunohistochemistry.
Type of the study: A cross –sectional study.
Methods: Adipose tissue was obtained from histopathology
specimens taken from ten patients, of different age, sex and
body mass index (BMI), undergoing surgery for different
pathologies

As a marker of systemic inflammation, raised (C-reactive protein (CRP)) concentrations which are still within the normal range have been associated with an increased inflammation of chronic renal diseases (CRD). The current study aimed to establish potential determinats of raised CRP concentrations in patients who treated in Heamodialysis room,then study the relationship between CRP& some biochemical parameters related CRD We used a CRP latex reagents Kit which is based on an immunological reaction between CRP antisera bounded to the biologically inert latex particles or with CRP in the test specimens of 19 patients with (CRD) mean age 48 years ,range = 30?65 & in 21 healthy subjects as control group their age range = 30 ?45 years. The

197 vaginal swabs were collected from women of different ages. (60) Isolates of Candida albicans (30.4%) were obtained, and the other species of Candida represent (18.27%). Bacterial infections showed (41.11%), and infection with Trichomonas vaginalis was (2.03%). Ten isolates of C. albicans were chosen randomly for farther study which include two virulence factors tendency of adhesion wich showed a percentage of (52%) to(32%) , and the ability to produce phospholipaze enzyme and it’s activity which showed (50%) of the isolates have the ability to produce the enzyme in different degrees .

Background: H. pylori is one of the gastrointestinal organisms in which more than half the world's population was infected. The aim of this study was to Isolation, identity, and determine antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori from samples of the patient (biopsies) using various procedures.

Patients and methods: A total of 90(58 males, 32females) patients with different age groups from both genders are involved in this study suffering from dyspeptic symptoms They underwent diagnostic ‘upper’ gastrointestinal (G.I.) endoscopy at “Endoscopy unit of AL- Sadder Teaching Hospital in Baghdad “during the period November 2021 to March 2022.

Results: The results showed a rel

Awsaj (Lycium barbarum) is a plant belong to family Solanaceae serves as a good source of bioactive compounds like phytosterols which have many important biological activity. Literature survey available so far revealed that there was no studies about Iraqi wild Awsaj phytosterols especially B-sitosterol, there for the objective of this study was to examine the efficiency of ultrasound assisted extraction (probe and bath) as compared to the conventional (Soxhlet) extraction method for extraction of phytosterols especially B-sitosterol from fruits, leaves, stems and roots of Iraqi wild Awsaj plant. This goal was achieved by comparing the extraction mass yield, also by a quick and easy approach for identification and quantification of bioac

The aim of the present work was to study the possibility of producing an effective bacteriocin from bacteria naturally exists in the mouth. Streptococcus salivarius KA101 was selected among 120 oral isolates collected from healthy people based on its ability to produce an effective bactericidal bacteriocin. Modified tryptic soy agar with 2% yeast extract and 0.1% calcium carbonate was the best medium for the production of bacteriocin with an activity of 40 AU/ml. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was employed to build a model in order to evaluate the optimum effective factors for bacteriocin production using four factors: yeast extract, CaCO₃, pH and incubation time. Based on t

The aim of this study was to know the inhibition activity of squeezed grape waste extract on Bacillus stearpthermophilus by using three different tempretures degree 40, 60 and 80c, in order to reduce the time exposure of food for preservation. This study include two branchs: First: isolation and identification of Bacillus stearothermophilus from soil, 5 sample were collected from the soil of the college agriculture/Baghdad university. Samples were cultured on nutrient agar, microscopic and culturing tests were conducted and many biochemical tests were done. The isolates were cultivated at 55 c and 65 c for differentiate it from Bacillus coagulans which is can^'t grow at 65 c^o. The c